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JAAD Case Reports Jun 2024
PubMed: 38813064
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2024.04.009 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Apr 2024Assessment of disease severity of vitiligo is exigent as it is a psychosomatic ailment. VIDA (vitiligo disease activity score) and VASI (vitiligo area severity index)...
Impact of Vitiligo on Quality of Life in Patients of Skin of Color and Its Correlation With Clinical Severity Assessment Scores Utilizing Disease Specific Scores: A Cross-Sectional Study.
INTRODUCTION
Assessment of disease severity of vitiligo is exigent as it is a psychosomatic ailment. VIDA (vitiligo disease activity score) and VASI (vitiligo area severity index) were previously used for this evaluation. Recently, the introduction of two vitiligo specific tools, vitiligo impact scale (VIS)-22 and Vitiligo Quality of Life Index (VitiQoL) has aided in assessing the quality of life (QOL) in a pertinent manner.
OBJECTIVES
To measure the QOL in vitiligo using disease specific indices (VitiQoL and VIS-22), to assess their relationship with disease severity (VASI and VIDA) and to determine the correlation between QOL scores (VIS-22 and VitiQoL).
METHODS
This observational cross-sectional study included 195 patients with vitiligo, and their disease severity was calculated using VASI and VIDA scoring. Patients were asked to fill questionnaires for assessing the QOL using validated tools i.e. VIS-22 and VitiQoL.
RESULTS
Significant correlation was demonstrated between both QOL scores and VASI score (P value 0.001) with slightly higher values for VitiQoL (r = 0.824) than with VIS 22 (r = 0.693). Both scores exhibited a significant association with VIDA score (P value < 0.001). Moreover, statistically significant correlation was found between VIS-22 and VitiQoL, thereby proving the concordance between these scores.
CONCLUSIONS
The study infers that QOL seemed to be remarkably dependent on the clinical severity scores and that higher disease activity corresponds to poorer QOL. It is imperative to precisely assess burden of vitiligo and the impairments caused by it in order to aid multi-modality management and allow more standardized research.
PubMed: 38810078
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a75 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Apr 2024Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder in which immune dysregulation has been reported as one of the major etiopathological factors. Interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-23 and IL-27...
INTRODUCTION
Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder in which immune dysregulation has been reported as one of the major etiopathological factors. Interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-23 and IL-27 of IL-12 cytokine family were identified as critical cytokines in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases including vitiligo. IL-35 is one of the newest member of IL-12 cytokine family.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of our study was to examine serum IL-35 levels in addition to serum IL-12, IL-23, IL-27 levels in the vitiligo patients and control group, and to investigate the relationship of these cytokines with the characteristics of vitiligo.
METHODS
Serum IL-12, IL-23, IL-27 and IL-35 levels of 87 vitiligo patients and 70 healthy volunteers were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We compared the IL-12 cytokine family levels in the patient and control groups, and investigated the relationship of these levels with the characteristics of vitiligo.
RESULTS
Patients had higher levels of IL-12 (31.2 versus 20.1, P < 0.001) and IL-35 (9.6 versus 8.1, P = 0.031). Patient and control groups had similar levels of IL-23 (P = 0.78) but were correlated with the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) (P = 0.022, r = 0.35). Patients had lower levels of IL-27 (207.6 versus 258.7, P < 0.001). In addition, the levels of serum IL-27 were correlated negatively with the Vitiligo Disease Activity (VIDA), and positively with disease duration (P = 0.007, r = 0.30).
CONCLUSIONS
Differences of serum levels between Vitiligo patients and healthy controls, significant relationships with the characteristics of vitiligo suggest that the IL-12 cytokine family may play a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
PubMed: 38810045
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a69 -
Drugs Jun 2024
PubMed: 38809373
DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02055-y -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jun 2024Vitiligo is an acquired autoimmune depigmented disorder characterized by the presence of white and well-defined patches on the skin, mucous membrane, or both. It is...
BACKGROUND
Vitiligo is an acquired autoimmune depigmented disorder characterized by the presence of white and well-defined patches on the skin, mucous membrane, or both. It is associated with a significant disease burden and has a profoundly impacts patients' quality of life. Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) result from an autoimmune system dysregulation, leading to an erroneous immune attack on the thyroid gland. Previous observational and epidemiological studies have suggested the association between vitiligo and AITDs. However, the bidirectional cause-effect relationship between vitiligo and AITDs has not been formally assessed.
METHOD
Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore potential causal relationships between genetically increased risk of vitiligo and AITDs, using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies in European populations. Causal effects were primarily estimated using the inverse variance weighted method, and additional quality control was performed using the MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weight mode methods. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the results.
RESULTS
The forward MR analysis showed a positive causal relationship between vitiligo and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), autoimmune hyperthyroidism (AIH), and Graves' disease (GD). The odds ratio (OR) were 1.17 (95% CI, 1.01-1.35; p = 0.04), 1.12 (95% CI, 1.03-1.22; p = 0.01), and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.06-1.20; p < 0.01), respectively. In the reverse MR analysis, a positive causal relationship was found between AIT and vitiligo, with an OR of 1.10 (95% CI, 1.01-1.35; p = 0.04). However, no causal relationship was observed between AIH (p = 0.10) or GD (p = 0.61) and vitiligo. Sensitivity analysis revealed no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS
The genetic-level investigation provides evidence of a genetic causal association between susceptibility to vitiligo and an increased risk of AITDs. Additionally, the results demonstrate a genetic causal association between susceptibility to AIT and an increased risk of vitiligo, while not indicating a similar association with susceptibility to AIH or GD.
Topics: Vitiligo; Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Autoimmune Diseases; Thyroid Diseases; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
PubMed: 38807429
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13742 -
Hematology Reports May 2024: Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for Hodgkin's lymphoma, yet its effects on pre-existing autoimmune disorders remain elusive. :...
: Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for Hodgkin's lymphoma, yet its effects on pre-existing autoimmune disorders remain elusive. : Here, we present four cases of patients with concurrent autoimmune conditions-Crohn's disease, vitiligo, type I diabetes, and minimal change disease-undergoing BV therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma. The patients were treated with A-AVD instead of ABVD due to advanced-stage disease with high IPI scores. Our findings reveal the surprising and complex interplay between BV exposure and autoimmune manifestations, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in patient management. Notably, the exacerbation of autoimmune symptoms was observed in the first three cases where T-cell-mediated autoimmunity predominated. Additionally, BV exposure precipitated autoimmune thrombocytopenia in the vitiligo patient, underscoring the profound disruptions in immune regulation. Conversely, in the minimal change disease case, a disease characterized by a blend of B- and T-cell-mediated immunity, the outcome was favorable. : This paper underscores the critical importance of vigilance toward autoimmune flare-ups induced by BV in patients with concurrent autoimmune conditions, offering insights for tailored patient care.
PubMed: 38804283
DOI: 10.3390/hematolrep16020030 -
Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic... 2024Non-cultured epidermal suspension technique is currently the surgical treatment of choice for vitiligo. Storage of trypsin ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution has a...
Non-cultured epidermal suspension technique is currently the surgical treatment of choice for vitiligo. Storage of trypsin ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution has a stringent requirement. We propose usage of freeze-dried trypsin for the procedure which can be kept in usual refrigerator at 2-8°C. This can help us to perform the procedure at resource poor settings.
PubMed: 38800812
DOI: 10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_61_22 -
Cureus Apr 2024Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is an idiopathic immune-related sickness that affects multiple systems and melanocytes in organs such as the uvea, ear, and meninges.... (Review)
Review
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is an idiopathic immune-related sickness that affects multiple systems and melanocytes in organs such as the uvea, ear, and meninges. The primary cause of activity is cellular immunological responses. Vogt-Koyanagi disease is identified primarily by skin abnormalities and anterior uveitis. Harada's illness is distinguished by neurological symptoms and exudative retinal detachments, which are associated with the and genes. Pigmented races, such as Hispanics and Native Americans, are more likely to have VKH disease. Clinical features are blurred vision, floaters, alopecia, vitiligo, diffuse choroidal inflammation with disc edema, and exudative retinal detachment. Differential diagnoses include posterior scleritis, uveal effusion syndrome, central serous chorioretinopathy, and sympathetic ophthalmitis. The investigations used are optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FA), and B-scan ultrasonography (USG). Treatment is done by using systemic steroids, cycloplegics, and immunosuppressants.
PubMed: 38800227
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58867 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024The present study emphasizes the importance of documenting ethnomedicinal plants and herbal practices of the local rural communities of Tehsil Hajira (Pakistan). The aim...
The present study emphasizes the importance of documenting ethnomedicinal plants and herbal practices of the local rural communities of Tehsil Hajira (Pakistan). The aim was to document, explore and quantify the traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and analyzed using various quantitative indices. The results showed that 144 medicinal plant species from 70 families and 128 genera play an important role in herbal preparations. The most common type of preparation was powder (19.0%), followed by paste (16.7%), aqueous extract (15.7%), decoction (14.7%) and juice (11.0%). (0.94) and (0.93) had the highest relative frequency of mention (RFC), while (1.22) and (1.18) had the highest use value (UV). (85.5), (83) and (71.5) were the most important species in the study area with the highest relative importance (RI) value. The diseases treated were categorized into 17 classes, with diseases of the digestive system and liver having the highest Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) value, followed by diseases of the oropharynx and musculoskeletal system. Important plants mentioned for the treatment of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are , , , , and . New applications of rarely documented plants from this area are: paste of the whole plant to treat vitiligo, flowers to treat chicken pox, tuber powder to treat productive cough, root decoction to treat miscarriage, tuber juice for the treatment of fever, leaves and flowers for the treatment of sore throat and root and leaf juice for the treatment of pneumonia. These plants may contain interesting biochemical compounds and should be subjected to further pharmacological studies to develop new drugs. Traditional medicinal knowledge in the area under study is mainly limited to the elderly, traditional healers and midwives. Therefore, resource conservation strategies and future pharmacological studies are strongly recommended.
PubMed: 38794449
DOI: 10.3390/plants13101379 -
Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii Apr 2024Vitiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by the progressive loss of functional melanocytes, resulting in depigmented macules and patches on the skin. It affects a...
INTRODUCTION
Vitiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by the progressive loss of functional melanocytes, resulting in depigmented macules and patches on the skin. It affects a significant portion of the world's population, with no specific gender or geographic predilection.
AIM
To explore the current understanding of the association between vitiligo and COVID-19.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This is a cross-sectional comparative research of 90 vitiligo patients, separated into two groups: those with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR and those without, gathered in 2018 before the pandemic. Al-Sadar teaching hospital in Al Basra gathered data from March 2021 to May 2022. Vitiligo patients with other infections were excluded. Wood's test was used to confirm vitiligo (VASI score). Age, gender, site of vitiligo, number of lesions, and family history were gathered for all patients in both groups.
RESULTS
Patients with vitiligo and COVID-19 had mild (70.27%), moderate (18.92%), and severe (10.81%) infections. Significant differences were found in age, duration, and VASI score, with younger patients and lower VASI scores in the Vitiligo + COVID-19 group. Females (60.6%) were more affected, and lower limbs (66.7%) were the most common site of vitiligo lesions in COVID-19 patients.
CONCLUSIONS
70.27% of vitiligo and COVID-19 patients had mild infections, 18.92% had moderate infections, and 10.81% had severe infections. Patients with both disorders were younger, had shorter vitiligo durations, and lower VASI scores than those with just one. Females were more likely to have both disorders, and lower limb vitiligo was more prevalent. Family history did not affect either group.
PubMed: 38784935
DOI: 10.5114/ada.2024.138670