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Medicine Sep 2023There have been many studies on MUC7 and bladder cancer (BC) that have been published; however, all sample sizes were not enough which led to their conclusions being... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
There have been many studies on MUC7 and bladder cancer (BC) that have been published; however, all sample sizes were not enough which led to their conclusions being based on small samples. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to systematically analyze the diagnostic value of MUC7 for bladder cancer and provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
METHODS
To obtain relevant literature on MUC7 diagnosed bladder cancer, databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, Chongqing VIP, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched from the establishment of the database to July 11, 2023. According to established inclusion and exclusion criteria, literature was screened and data were extracted. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability of included literature. Meta-disc1.4 and Stata12.0 software were used for Meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were included, including728 BC patients and 458 non-BC controls. The pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity were 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71-0.77) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90-0.95), respectively. The pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.27 (95% CI: 0.20-0.36), and the pooled positive likelihood ratio was 9.58 (95% CI: 5.40-17.00). The diagnostic odds ratio was 40.95 (95% CI: 20.31-82.59), and the area under the curve was 0.91 in the overall summary of the receiver operating characteristic curve.
CONCLUSION
MUC7 might be a potential biomarker for diagnosing BC. However, more large sample and multicenter studies are needed to prove whether it can be used in clinical diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Asian People; China; Databases, Factual; Knowledge; Mucins; Salivary Proteins and Peptides
PubMed: 37657056
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034828 -
European Journal of Radiology Open Dec 2023Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile ducts (IPMN-B) is a true pre-cancerous lesion, which shares common features with pancreatic IPMN (IPMN-P). While... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile ducts (IPMN-B) is a true pre-cancerous lesion, which shares common features with pancreatic IPMN (IPMN-P). While IPMN-P is a well described entity for which guidelines were formulated and revised, IPMN-B is a poorly described entity.We carried out a systematic review to evaluate the existing literature, emphasizing the role of MRI in IPMN-B depiction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed database was used to identify original studies and case series that reported MR Imaging features of IPMN-B. The search keywords were "IPMN OR intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm OR IPNB OR intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct AND Biliary OR biliary cancer OR hepatic cystic lesions". Risk of bias and applicability were evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool.
RESULTS
884 Records were Identified through database searching. 12 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, resulting in MR features of 288 patients. All the studies were retrospective. Classic features of IPMN-B are under-described. Few studies note worrisome features, concerning for an underlying malignancy. 50 % of the studies had a high risk of bias and concerns regarding applicability.
CONCLUSIONS
The MRI features of IPMN-B are not well elaborated and need to be further studied. Worrisome features and guidelines regarding reporting the imaging findings should be established and published. Radiologists should be aware of IPMN-B, since malignancy diagnosis in an early stage will yield improved prognosis.
PubMed: 37609049
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100515 -
Pancreatology : Official Journal of the... Nov 2023Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are a cystic precursor to pancreatic cancer. IPMNs deemed clinically to be at high-risk for malignant progression are...
BACKGROUND
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are a cystic precursor to pancreatic cancer. IPMNs deemed clinically to be at high-risk for malignant progression are frequently treated with surgical resection, and pathological examination of the pancreatectomy specimen is a key component of the clinical care of IPMN patients.
METHODS
Systematic literature reviews were conducted around eight topics of clinical relevance in the examination of pathological specimens in patients undergoing resection of IPMN.
RESULTS
This review provides updated perspectives on morphological subtyping of IPMNs, classification of intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms, nomenclature for high-grade dysplasia, assessment of T stage, distinction of carcinoma associated or concomitant with IPMN, role of molecular assessment of IPMN tissue, role of intraoperative assessment by frozen section, and preoperative evaluation of cyst fluid cytology.
CONCLUSIONS
This analysis provides the foundation for data-driven approaches to several challenging issues in the pathology of IPMNs.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Retrospective Studies; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 37604731
DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.08.002 -
Journal of Interferon & Cytokine... Aug 2023Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent type of primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents. The effect of cytokines on osteosarcoma prognosis has been studied and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent type of primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents. The effect of cytokines on osteosarcoma prognosis has been studied and reported. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic value of cytokines as osteosarcoma biomarkers. Databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies on the prognostic value of cytokines in osteosarcoma. From the eligible studies, data on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, and metastasis-free survival (MFS) were extracted. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A total of 11 studies involving 755 patients were included in this analysis. High macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) expression in tumors was significantly associated with shortened OS (HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.18-3.42, = 0.010) and MFS (HR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.47-4.01, = 0.001). Elevated T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) levels in serum correlated with increased risk of disease progression in patients with osteosarcoma (HR = 3.14, 95% CI: 2.88-3.03, 0.001). However, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor were not substantially associated with osteosarcoma prognosis. Owing to a paucity of research, other relevant cytokines [interferon-α/β receptor, tissue factor, macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), and IL-23] could not be combined. In conclusion, MIF levels in tumors and Tim-3 levels in serum can be potential biomarkers of poor prognosis in osteosarcoma. To confirm this finding and implement these biomarkers into clinical applications, additional large-scale, high-quality studies are needed.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Cytokines; Prognosis; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; Biomarkers, Tumor; Osteosarcoma; Bone Neoplasms
PubMed: 37566475
DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0083 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... Jul 2023Carotenoids have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, being a potential bioactive compound for gut health. The objective of this systematic review was to... (Review)
Review
Carotenoids have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, being a potential bioactive compound for gut health. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of carotenoids on gut microbiota, gut barrier, and inflammation in healthy animals. The systematic search from PubMed, Scopus, and Lilacs databases were performed up to March 2023. The final screening included thirty studies, with different animal models (mice, rats, pigs, chicks, drosophila, fish, and shrimp), and different carotenoid sources (β-carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and fucoxanthin). The results suggested that carotenoids seem to act on gut microbiota by promoting beneficial effects on intestinal bacteria related to both inflammation and SCFA production; increase tight junction proteins expression, important for reducing intestinal permeability; increase the mucins expression, important in protecting against pathogens and toxins; improve morphological parameters important for digestion and absorption of nutrients; and reduce pro-inflammatory and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, different carotenoids had distinct effects on gut health. In addition, there was heterogeneity between studies regarding animal model, duration of intervention, and doses used. This is the first systematic review to address the effects of carotenoids on gut health. Further studies are needed to better understand the effects of carotenoids on gut health.
PubMed: 37450500
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2234025 -
Pancreatology : Official Journal of the... Nov 2023Mucinous pancreatic cysts harbor the potential to progress to highly lethal pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Since these precursor cysts require cancer... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Mucinous pancreatic cysts harbor the potential to progress to highly lethal pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Since these precursor cysts require cancer surveillance or surgical resection, they need to be reliably distinguished from harmless pancreatic cysts. Current clinical and radiographic assessment is imperfect and the value of cyst fluid analysis for differential diagnosis is unclear. Therefore, we set out to investigate the value of cyst fluid biomarkers in distinguishing pancreatic cysts.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review of the current literature to identify articles that evaluated the diagnostic performance of clinically relevant and promising candidate cyst fluid biomarkers, with a particular emphasis on DNA-based biomarkers. Meta-analysis was performed for biomarkers targeted at identifying cyst type and presence of high-grade dysplasia or PDAC.
RESULTS
Data from a total of 42 studies was analyzed. Mutations in KRAS and/or GNAS allowed identification of mucinous cysts with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 98%. This exceeded the performance of the traditional biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; sensitivity 58%, specificity 87%). Mutations in VHL were specific for serous cystadenomas (SCAs; sensitivity 56%, specificity 99%) and help to exclude mucinous cysts. Mutations in CDKN2A, PIK3CA, SMAD4, and TP53 each had high specificities of 97%, 97%, 98%, and 95%, respectively, to identify high-grade dysplasia or PDAC in mucinous cysts.
CONCLUSIONS
Cyst fluid analysis can be a valuable tool in the characterization of pancreatic cysts, with relevant clinical implications. Our results support the use of DNA-based cyst fluid biomarkers in the multidisciplinary diagnostic work-up of pancreatic cysts.
Topics: Humans; Cyst Fluid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Pancreatic Cyst; DNA; Biomarkers, Tumor
PubMed: 37230894
DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.05.005 -
Graefe's Archive For Clinical and... Dec 2023Diquafosol enhances fluid transfer and mucin secretion on ocular surface, which has been suggested as an effective treatment for dry eye disease (DED). The aim of the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Diquafosol enhances fluid transfer and mucin secretion on ocular surface, which has been suggested as an effective treatment for dry eye disease (DED). The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of topical diquafosol versus hyaluronic acid (HA) for DED.
METHODS
Relevant randomized controlled trials were obtained via search of electronic including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. A random-effects model was used to pool the results after incorporating the influence of potential heterogeneity.
RESULTS
A total of nine RCTs involving 1295 patients with DED were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to treatment with 0.1% HA, topical treatment with 3% diquafosol significantly improved the Ocular Surface Disease Index (mean difference (MD): - 3.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): - 4.68 to - 2.50, p < 0.001; I = 6%), results of Schirmer's test (MD: 1.08 mm, 95% CI: 0.41 to 1.76, p = 0.002; I = 0%), tear breakup time (MD: 0.60 s, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.99, p = 0.003; I = 63%), corneal fluorescein staining score (MD: - 0.20, 95% CI: - 0.37 to - 0.03, p = 0.02; I = 58%), and ocular rose bengal staining score (MD: - 0.62, 95% CI: - 0.88 to - 0.35, p < 0.001; I = 15%). No severe adverse events were reported. Topical use of diquafosol was associated with a higher risk of overall adverse events as compared to HA (odds ratio: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.08 to 2.71, p = 0.02; I = 18%).
CONCLUSIONS
Topical treatment with 3% diquafosol may be more effective than 0.1% HA for patients with DED. However, the long-term efficacy and tolerability of diquafosol still need to be determined.
Topics: Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Ophthalmic Solutions; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Dry Eye Syndromes; Tears
PubMed: 37162564
DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06083-4 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... Jun 2024Zinc serves critical catalytic, regulatory, and structural roles. Hosts and their resident gut microbiota both require zinc, leading to competition, where a balance must...
Zinc serves critical catalytic, regulatory, and structural roles. Hosts and their resident gut microbiota both require zinc, leading to competition, where a balance must be maintained. This systematic review examined evidence on dietary zinc and physiological status (zinc deficiency or high zinc/zinc overload) effects on gut microbiota. This review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021250566). PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for in vivo (animal) studies, resulting in eight selected studies. Study quality limitations were evaluated using the SYRCLE risk of bias tool and according to ARRIVE guidelines. The results demonstrated that zinc deficiency led to inconsistent changes in α-diversity and short-chain fatty acid production but led to alterations in bacterial taxa with functions in carbohydrate metabolism, glycan metabolism, and intestinal mucin degradation. High dietary zinc/zinc overload generally resulted in either unchanged or decreased α-diversity, decreased short-chain fatty acid production, and increased bacterial metal resistance and antibiotic resistance genes. Additional studies in human and animal models are needed to further understand zinc physiological status effects on the intestinal microbiome and clarify the applicability of utilizing the gut microbiome as a potential zinc status biomarker.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Zinc; Animals; Humans; Diet; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Bacteria; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 36688291
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2169857