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Infectious Disorders Drug Targets 2024The purpose of this study was to find data proving the influence of the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccination on the frequency of invasive Hib...
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to find data proving the influence of the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccination on the frequency of invasive Hib illness.
METHODOLOGY
A systematic literature search was conducted on the PubMed database to identify peerreviewed publications pertaining to the epidemiology of meningitis, both before and after the introduction of type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines. The search query employed a combination of relevant keywords, including "invasive," "" "meningitis," and specific serotype b (Hib). Additionally, terms related to epidemiology, burden, risk factors, impact, Hib vaccine, Hib conjugate vaccine, combination vaccine, vaccine production, efficacy, immunisation coverage, surveillance, review, clinical aspects, outcomes, and various age groups (adults and children) were incorporated.
RESULT
The search encompassed articles published till now. Subsequently, relevant research papers concerning meningitis were subjected to a comprehensive review and analysis.
CONCLUSION
The Hib conjugate vaccination has shown to be extremely effective when administered to the entire population. However, changes to the immunisation protocol appear to be required in order to effectively manage invasive Hib illness.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Bacterial Capsules; Haemophilus Infections; Haemophilus influenzae type b; Haemophilus Vaccines; Meningitis, Haemophilus; Vaccination; Vaccine Efficacy; Vaccines, Conjugate
PubMed: 38231056
DOI: 10.2174/0118715265269877231117070051 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jan 2024In recent decades, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is increasing in Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae), which poses important challenges to global... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
In recent decades, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is increasing in Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae), which poses important challenges to global health. This research offers a comprehensive meta-analysis of the global epidemiology of multi-drug resistant (MDR) H. influenzae.
METHODS
In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis based on PRISMA checklist. Electronic databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were reviewed using keywords related to H. influenzae and antibiotic resistance. Eligible studies were selected based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, data from these studies were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software.
RESULTS
Of 375 retrieved articles, 16 met the inclusion criteria. These studies were conducted from 2003 to 2023 and analyzed data from 19,787 clinical isolates of H. influenzae. The results showed different levels of resistance of H. influenzae to different antibiotics: ampicillin (36%), azithromycin (15.3%), ceftriaxone (1.4%), etc. The global prevalence for beta-lactamases producing H. influenzae and MDR H. influenzae was measured 34.9% and 23.1%, respectively. The prevalence rate of MDR H. influenzae was higher in Asian countries (24.6%) compared to Western regions (15.7%). MDR H. influenzae had the highest prevalence in meningitis cases (46.9%) and the lowest prevalence in acute otitis media (0.5%).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of MDR H. influenzae has been increasing worldwide, especially in Asian regions. This highlights the urgent need for monitoring and implementation of effective antibiotic stewardship programs globally.
Topics: Humans; Haemophilus influenzae; Haemophilus Infections; Prevalence; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 38225571
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08930-5 -
Oral Diseases Oct 2023The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and proportions of antibiotic-resistant species in periodontitis patients. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and proportions of antibiotic-resistant species in periodontitis patients.
METHODS
A systematic scoping review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted using the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews involving different databases. MeSH terms and keywords were provided to examine only RCTs with antibiotic-resistant results that included at least 3 months of follow-up of systematically healthy patients diagnosed with periodontitis and treated with systemic or local antibiotics adjunctive to subgingival debridement. RCTs that managed participants surgically, duplicate publications, and investigations implemented on animals were discarded.
RESULTS
Six RCTs were chosen. These studies included 465 patients. Most investigations observed that while Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis had low resistance to amoxicillin, microorganisms in many sites showed resistance to tetracycline, metronidazole, and azithromycin pretreatment. A. actinomycetemcomitans showed high resistance to tetracycline pre- and post-therapy. The proportion of antibiotic-resistant samples augmented rapidly after the prescription of antibiotics in all test groups. The percentage of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms decreased over time; at the end of the follow-up period, resistance levels were close to baseline levels.
CONCLUSIONS
Adjunctive local and systemic antibiotic treatment temporarily increased the antibiotic resistance of subgingival microorganisms; nonetheless, many bacteria remained susceptible to antibiotics during their administration.
Topics: Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Periodontitis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Tetracycline; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
PubMed: 35735133
DOI: 10.1111/odi.14288