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Journal of Eating Disorders Jun 2024Eating disorders (EDs) pose a significant risk to health, especially when not diagnosed early. For several years EDs and oral health has been extensively studied, and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Eating disorders (EDs) pose a significant risk to health, especially when not diagnosed early. For several years EDs and oral health has been extensively studied, and now it is quite clear the existence of a correlation between specific oral manifestations and these disorders. While these oral signs could potentially aid early diagnosis of EDs, their identification and the eventual establishment of a correlation is currently heavily limited to the clinician's experience. The present systematic review critically examines existing literature, offering an updated overview of oro-dental manifestations associated with EDs.
METHOD
MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and grey literature were searched, and relevant epidemiological comparative studies were screened using the Rayyan software. No limitations have been imposed on the research regarding oro-dental outcomes, encompassing all medically diagnosed EDs. The quality of the studies was valuated using AXIS appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies.
RESULT
Out of 3990 studies, 32 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the synthesis. The identified eating disorders include Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and/or Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified, predominantly among female subjects, primarily originating from Europe. The evaluated oro-dental outcomes include dental erosion, caries, saliva assessment, hygiene-periodontal parameters, and mucosal tissue appearance. The association with erosion is confirmed while gingival recession, dentinal hypersensitivity, salivary flow thresholds and aspects relating to oral pathology are receiving increasing support from emerging evidence.
DISCUSSION
This trend emphasizes the critical role of the complete intraoral examination to detect significant oro-dental signs that may indicate the onset of an ED.
PubMed: 38915100
DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01050-8 -
Advances in Medical Sciences Jun 2024The imbalance of thyroid hormones affects the metabolic activity of various tissues, including periodontium. Also, autoimmune diseases present an increased tendency to... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The imbalance of thyroid hormones affects the metabolic activity of various tissues, including periodontium. Also, autoimmune diseases present an increased tendency to suffer from periodontal disease. Therefore, our systematic review was designed to answer the question "Is there a relationship between thyroid diseases and periodontal disease?".
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 studies were included in this systematic review using the databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines).
RESULTS
Based on the meta-analysis, patients with thyroid diseases (especially with hypothyroidism) demonstrated significantly worse periodontal status than systemically healthy controls. Moreover, according to the cross-sectional studies, 5.74 % of periodontitis patients reported the concomitance of thyroid diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, the included studies suggest a potential relationship between thyroid diseases and periodontal disease. However, further research is necessary to reliably assess the oral health in patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
PubMed: 38908794
DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.06.003 -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2024Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHDS) is an autosomal dominant syndrome with different skin, lung, and renal manifestations. It is diagnosed commonly in the third decade of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHDS) is an autosomal dominant syndrome with different skin, lung, and renal manifestations. It is diagnosed commonly in the third decade of life, and patients have an increased risk for pneumothorax and renal carcinomas.
METHODS
Articles published in PubMed, and Medline from 1977 to September 2023, were included in the systematic review. Inclusion criteria were applied to case reports, case series, and a retrospective cohort study, describing clinical, histopathological, and genetic findings in patients with BHDS with oral and/or parotid lesions.
RESULTS
Sixteen families/individuals with BHDS were identified for analysis. Patients ranged in age from 20 to 74 years, with an average of 49.4 years. Males were affected 52.2% of the time and females, 39.1%. Skin fibrofolliculomas were reported in 87% of cases, and oral lesions were documented in 47.8%. Parotid tumors were documented in 43.5% of patients, 30.4% of which were oncocytomas, 4.3% bilateral oncocytomas, and 4.3% "oncocytic carcinoma".
CONCLUSIONS
Because BHDS is uncommon, its spectrum of clinical manifestations may be underrecognized, especially as the disease is mostly reported at advanced stage. And some of the patients with BHDS may have oncocytic parotid tumors and oral lesions. In this regard, patients presenting these lesions and other indications of BHDS should be considered for renal screening.
Topics: Humans; Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Adult; Male; Female; Aged; Young Adult
PubMed: 38896302
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01657-y -
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Jun 2024To evaluate the current evidence of digital workflow feasibility based on the data acquisition methods and the software tools used to fabricate intraoral prostheses for...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the current evidence of digital workflow feasibility based on the data acquisition methods and the software tools used to fabricate intraoral prostheses for patients with partial or total maxillary and mandibular defects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search was performed in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science using a combination of relevant keywords: digital workflow, digital designing, computer-assisted design-computer aided manufacturing, 3D printing, maxillectomy, and mandibulectomy. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality of evidence in the studies reviewed.
RESULTS
From a total of 542 references, 33 articles were selected, including 25 on maxillary prostheses and 8 on mandibular prostheses. The use of digital workflows was limited to one or two steps of the fabrication of the prostheses, and only four studies described a complete digital workflow. The most preferred method for data acquisition was intraoral scanning with or without a cone beam computed tomography combination.
CONCLUSION
Currently, the fabrication process of maxillofacial prostheses requires combining digital and conventional methods. Simplifying the data acquisition methods and providing user-friendly and affordable software may encourage clinicians to use the digital workflow more frequently for patients requiring maxillofacial prostheses.
Topics: Humans; Workflow; Maxillofacial Prosthesis; Computer-Aided Design; Feasibility Studies; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Software; Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 38895776
DOI: 10.2340/aos.v83.40870 -
Cureus May 2024There are two main treatment options for immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. Apexification creates a mineralized tissue barrier, while... (Review)
Review
There are two main treatment options for immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. Apexification creates a mineralized tissue barrier, while revitalization aims to regenerate vital tissue in the canal space. There is no conclusive evidence to determine the most effective procedure regarding root length and dentin wall thickness. The objective of this systematic review was to compare the outcomes of revitalization and apexification procedures in immature non-vital teeth in terms of root length and dentin wall thickness. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Embase databases. Articles relevant to the study topic were gathered according to the selection criteria, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The included studies had to be published in English, conducted over a six-year period, and compared the outcomes of revitalization and apexification procedures in immature non-vital teeth. Data were collected using appropriate keywords from the eligible studies. Six articles were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The eligible studies showed a low risk of bias. In all revitalization cases, the root length increased significantly (mean difference (MD) (%) = 5.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.39-9.43; p = 0.0010; MD (mm) = 2.43; 95% CI = 2.05-2.80; p < 0.00001). The dentin wall thickness was statistically significant in most cases (MD (%) = 10.94; 95% CI = 7.01-14.88; p < 0.00001), MD (mm) = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.07-0.25; p = 0.0007). The systematic review and meta-analysis showed both procedures to be credible treatment options for necrotic immature teeth. Apexification had a positive impact, to some extent, on the development of root length. Revitalization yielded a significantly greater increase in root length and root dentin wall thickness and appeared to be superior in promoting root development.
PubMed: 38883120
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60357 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Various studies have suggested use of socket grafting materials after dental extraction for socket preservation. However, there is no single material that has been... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Various studies have suggested use of socket grafting materials after dental extraction for socket preservation. However, there is no single material that has been accepted as standard for preserving the socket. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the evidence for the use of biphasic calcium phosphate for socket regeneration.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The team conducted a systematic literature search in accordance with the protocol registered at PROSPERO. PubMed, OVID, and EMBASE databases were used in the search. The articles were then screened using RAYYAN open-source software for the synthesis of evidence.
RESULTS
Of the 240 articles found in the search, two studies could be included in the review.
CONCLUSION
Biphasic calcium phosphate (60% hydroxyapatite, HA and 40% beta-tricalcium phosphate, -TCP) has a significant effect in the socket preservation and quality of bone regeneration.
PubMed: 38882837
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1003_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Immediate implant placement into a fresh extraction socket has been developed as a consistent treatment, allowing for a reduction in the duration of time necessary for... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Immediate implant placement into a fresh extraction socket has been developed as a consistent treatment, allowing for a reduction in the duration of time necessary for prosthetic rehabilitation. The study will evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of implants placed immediately for a 10-year follow-up period.
AIM
The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the durability of the immediate implant in periodontally compromised individual placement.
METHODS
Studies reporting clinical and radiologic implant outcomes from periodontally compromised individuals who were treated and followed periodontal and implant maintenance for ≥5 years were considered eligible for the review. Screening of the articles, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently and in duplicate.
RESULTS
There were 99 papers, and of them, 55 were excluded after title/abstract assessment. The full texts of 28 potentially eligible publications were screened, but only seven studies met the inclusion criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
The study confirms that immediate implant therapy is safe, effective, and predictable for successful osseointegration and long-term functioning in periodontally compromised individuals, with minimal differences in clinical and radiographic outcomes.
PubMed: 38882765
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1115_23 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024The present systematic review explored the involvement of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in periodontitis, drawing from established literature. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The assessment of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and oxidized glutathione in patients with periodontitis-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
The present systematic review explored the involvement of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in periodontitis, drawing from established literature.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research approach encompassed an extensive electronic search from 2000 to 2023 across databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library and cross-referencing using specific keywords.
RESULTS
The initial literature exploration generated a total of 766 articles. After thoroughly examining the abstracts, 693 articles were excluded from consideration due to duplication and lack of relevance to the central research inquiry. Following that, 73 articles were left for in-depth evaluation. Following a qualitative assessment, 35 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were chosen, while 38 were removed for not meeting the necessary standards. Within this selection, a meta-analysis was conducted on 11 articles that provided consistent data for quantitative synthesis. Specifically, the analysis of glutathione (GSH) levels in serum samples revealed a standardized mean difference (SMD) of -5.552 µg/mL (CI 95%: -9.078 to -2.026; P-0.002). In contrast, the analysis of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples displayed an overall SMD of 2.918 ng/µL (CI 95%: 0.372-5.465; P-0.025), while salivary samples exhibited an overall SMD value of 0.709 U/l (95% CI: -1.907-3.325; P-0.596) which is of insignificant.
CONCLUSION
The systematic review findings suggest a notable decrease in antioxidant enzymes across various systemic biological samples among patients with periodontitis, contrasting with the results from gingival tissue samples meta-analysis of GPx enzyme.
Topics: Humans; Periodontitis; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione; Glutathione Reductase; Glutathione Disulfide; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Antioxidants
PubMed: 38881240
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.907 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024Self-performed oral hygiene is essential for preventing dental caries, periodontal, and peri-implant diseases. Oral irrigators are adjunctive oral home care aids that... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Self-performed oral hygiene is essential for preventing dental caries, periodontal, and peri-implant diseases. Oral irrigators are adjunctive oral home care aids that may benefit oral health. However, the effects of oral irrigation on oral health, its role in oral home care, and its mechanism of action are not fully understood. A comprehensive search of the literature revealed no existing broad scoping reviews on oral irrigators. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive systematic review of the literature on oral irrigation devices and identify evidence gaps.
METHODS
The Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines were utilized to prepare the review. Four databases and eight gray literature sources were searched for English publications across any geographical location or setting.
RESULTS
Two hundred and seventy-five sources were included, predominantly from scientific journals and academic settings. Most studies originated from North America. Research primarily involved adults, with limited studies in children and adolescents. Oral irrigation was safe and well-accepted when used appropriately. It reduced periodontal inflammation, potentially by modulating the oral microbiota, but further research needs to clarify its mechanism of action. Promising results were reported in populations with dental implants and special needs. Patient acceptance appeared high, but standardized patient-reported outcome measures were rarely used. Anti-inflammatory benefits occurred consistently across populations and irrigant solutions. Plaque reduction findings were mixed, potentially reflecting differences in study designs and devices.
CONCLUSIONS
Oral irrigators reduce periodontal inflammation, but their impact on plaque removal remains unclear. Well-designed, sufficiently powered trials of appropriate duration need to assess the clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory responses of the periodontium to oral irrigation, particularly those with periodontitis, dental implants, and special needs. Patient-reported outcome measures, costs, caries prevention, and environmental impact of oral irrigation need to be compared to other oral hygiene aids.
Topics: Humans; Therapeutic Irrigation; Oral Hygiene; Oral Health; Dental Caries; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 38881230
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.912 -
Progress in Orthodontics Jun 2024Metallic and elastomeric ligatures are widely used in orthodontics to secure the archwire within the bracket slots, but elastomeric ligatures have traditionally been... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Metallic and elastomeric ligatures are widely used in orthodontics to secure the archwire within the bracket slots, but elastomeric ligatures have traditionally been associated with increased microbial colonization, which could adversely affect periodontal health.
AIM
This systematic review compares the periodontal effects of elastomeric and steel ligatures used for orthodontic fixed appliances.
METHODS
Unrestricted literature search of 7 databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Virtual Health Library) up to July 2023 were performed for randomized / non-randomized clinical studies on humans comparing the two ligation methods during fixed-appliance therapy. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment with the Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 or the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool, random-effects meta-analyses of Mean Differences (MD) or Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were carried out, followed by assessment of certainty of existing evidence with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
RESULTS
A total of 11 studies (3 randomized / 8 non-randomized) with 354 patients (mean age 14.7 years and 42% male) were included. No statistically significant differences were seen for plaque index (5 studies; SMD = 0.48; 95% CI = -0.03 to 1.00; P = 0.07), gingival index (2 studies; MD = 0.01; 95% CI = -0.14 to 0.16; P = 0.89), probing pocket depth (2 studies; MD = 0; 95% CI = -0.17 to 0.16; P = 0.97), or Streptococcus mutans counts (4 studies; SMD = 0.40; 95% CI=-0.41 to 1.20; P = 0.21). Elastomeric ligatures were associated with moderately increased total bacterial load (3 studies; SMD = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.76; P = 0.03). Confidence in these estimates was low in all instances due to the inclusion of non-randomized studies with high risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
Existing low quality evidence indicates that ligature method does not seem to influence the periodontal health during fixed treatment, even if elastomeric ligatures are associated with a moderate increase of bacterial load.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (CRD42023444383).
Topics: Humans; Elastomers; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Steel; Periodontal Index; Orthodontic Brackets; Ligation
PubMed: 38880839
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-024-00520-8