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The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Jun 2024Photopneumatic devices combine gentle vacuum with pulsed broadband light to treat acne. This seven-week, open-label, single-group study evaluated the efficacy and safety...
OBJECTIVE
Photopneumatic devices combine gentle vacuum with pulsed broadband light to treat acne. This seven-week, open-label, single-group study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a photopneumatic device as acne monotherapy.
METHODS
Male and female subjects between the ages of 12 and 40 years with any Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype were enrolled (N=30). Subjects had facial acne and a baseline Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score of 2 (mild) or 3 (moderate), with ≥10 to ≤50 inflammatory lesions, ≥10 but ≤100 non-inflammatory lesions, and ≤1 facial nodule. The primary efficacy endpoints were change in baseline lesion counts and the percentage of subjects achieving a ≥1-grade reduction IGA Score at Day 49. Secondary efficacy endpoints included changes in Acne Quality of Life, self-assessment, and satisfaction scores. Adverse events and tolerability were assessed.
RESULTS
Inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts significantly decreased at all time points versus baseline (for each, <0.001); IGA scores were improved from baseline at most timepoints and 66.7 percent (20/30) achieved ≥1-grade IGA reduction at Day 49 (<0.001). Consistent improvements in Acne Self-assessment, Acne-specific Quality of Life, and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaires were reported. All subjects had favorable investigator and subject tolerability assessments.
LIMITATIONS
This study was limited by its small sample size and open-label study design.
CONCLUSION
Photopneumatic monotherapy significantly reduced acne lesions and resulted in clearer skin in all Fitzpatrick skin types. Adverse events were minor and subject satisfaction was favorable. Customizable energy and vacuum device settings makes the photopneumatic therapy device unique, allowing for a tailored individual approach to treating mild-to-moderate acne.
CLINICAL TRIAL IDENIFIER NUMBER
NCT06043102 (clinicaltrials.gov).
PubMed: 38912192
DOI: No ID Found -
Crystal Growth & Design Jun 2024Lipophilic aggregation using adamantanes is a widely exploited molecular property in medicinal and materials chemistry. Adamantanes are traditionally installed to...
Lipophilic aggregation using adamantanes is a widely exploited molecular property in medicinal and materials chemistry. Adamantanes are traditionally installed to molecular units via covalent bonds. However, the noncovalent installation of adamantanes has been relatively underexplored and presents the potential to bring properties associated with adamantanes to molecules without affecting their intrinsic properties (e.g., pharmacophores). Here, we systematically study a series of adamantanecarboxylic acids with varying substitution levels of methyl groups and their cocrystals with bipyridines. Specifically, single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that while the directionality of single-component adamantanes is notably sensitive to changes in methyl substitution, hydrogen-bonded cocrystals with bipyridines show consistent and robust packing due to π-stacking predominance. Our observations are supported by Hirshfeld surface and energy framework analyses. The applicability of cocrystal formation of adamantanes bearing carboxylic acids was used to generate the first cocrystals of adapalene, an adamantane-bearing retinoid used for treating acne vulgaris. We envisage our study to inspire noncovalent (i.e., cocrystal) installation of adamantanes to generate lipophilic aggregation in multicomponent systems.
PubMed: 38911135
DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.4c00457 -
Dermatology Research and Practice 2024The most prevalent skin condition is acne vulgaris. Recent clinical practice guidelines recommend oral isotretinoin to treat moderate-to-severe acne. The aim of this...
The most prevalent skin condition is acne vulgaris. Recent clinical practice guidelines recommend oral isotretinoin to treat moderate-to-severe acne. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and risk perception of oral isotretinoin for acne treatment. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the country of Jordan. The study sample includes people resident in Jordan aged ≥14 years who have been treated with oral isotretinoin for acne. The study involved 373 participants who previously used oral isotretinoin for skin disorders. Most were Jordanian (89.3%), aged 19-25 (37.3%), and from the central region (82.8%). Mostly, they used isotretinoin for severe or mild acne (25.2% and 24.1%, respectively), rosacea (4.1%), or to alleviate acne scars. Surprisingly, 58.1% did not consult their specialist for side effects, and 20% shared their treatment. The average proper use score was 9.98 out of 16. A link was found between higher risk knowledge scores and proper use scores. Side effects such as nausea, irregular heartbeat, and pancreatitis affected some users (11.5%, 10.5%, 7.0%, and 3.2%, respectively). Knowledge about isotretinoin's risks varied, with percentages recognizing teratogenicity (57.7%), liver damage (52.6%), and lipid profile effects (37.2%), while 25% believed that they had no side effects. The study revealed partial adherence to oral isotretinoin guidelines, with gaps in monitoring and consultation. A positive correlation emerged between risk knowledge and proper usage, emphasizing the need for comprehensive education and monitoring strategies in isotretinoin therapy for skin disorders.
PubMed: 38911019
DOI: 10.1155/2024/7714527 -
Cureus May 2024Isotretinoin is a commonly prescribed medication for moderate-to-severe acne. Elevated triglycerides and total cholesterol, as well as eye dryness, are frequent side...
BACKGROUND
Isotretinoin is a commonly prescribed medication for moderate-to-severe acne. Elevated triglycerides and total cholesterol, as well as eye dryness, are frequent side effects of isotretinoin. Objective: This study aims to examine the association between serum baseline levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol with regards to the severity of dry eye symptoms in acne patients treated with isotretinoin.
METHOD
The study was a retrospective review of acne patients treated with isotretinoin for at least four months at the dermatology clinics of Qassim University Medical City, Saudi Arabia. Thirty patients were included in the study as they met the inclusion criteria. Baseline levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol were reviewed for these patients. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was sent and filled out by the study participants to assess the severity of eye dryness.
RESULT
30 patients were included in the study, with 16 (53.3%) females and 14 (46.7%) males. The average age of participants was 22.1 years. The duration of treatment was between 120 and 140 days in 13 (43.3%) participants and 140 and 180 days in 17 (56.7%) participants. The mean ± 1 standard deviation (SD) was reported for each of the three variables, with an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score of 27.6 ± 19.2, a baseline total cholesterol of 4.4 ± 0.9 mmol/L, and a baseline triglyceride level of 0.83 ± 0.4 mmol/L. Using a multiple linear regression model, baseline triglycerides and total cholesterol were used as predictors of the OSDI score. There was a significant dependent interaction between baseline total cholesterol and triglycerides and their effect on the OSDI score, with a higher OSDI score at higher levels of both triglycerides and cholesterol and a lower OSDI score at lower levels of both triglycerides and cholesterol. The study result showed that, in acne patients treated with isotretinoin for at least four months, a higher baseline level of both triglycerides and total cholesterol is associated with worse dry eye symptoms compared to those with lower baseline levels.
CONCLUSION
The study concluded that baseline levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol are both significant predictors of the severity of dry eye symptoms in acne patients treated with isotretinoin. Despite study limitations due to the small sample size, we hope that, based on our findings, this will open the door to future studies with a larger sample size to further confirm our findings generalize the result, and apply it to clinical practice so that clinicians may identify those at higher risk of severe eye dryness before starting isotretinoin and subsequently be able to recommend specific measures to minimize symptoms of eye dryness.
PubMed: 38910684
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60922 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38909659
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.05.091 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38909658
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.05.093 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38906263
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.06.036 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38906259
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.05.090 -
American Family Physician Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Pregnancy; Female; Acetaminophen; Acne Vulgaris; Diabetes, Gestational; Infant, Newborn; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Syphilis, Congenital; Drug Overdose; Adult
PubMed: 38905545
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicine Jun 2024Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects approximately 8% to 13% of women of reproductive age worldwide. It is characterized by a... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects approximately 8% to 13% of women of reproductive age worldwide. It is characterized by a range of symptoms, including hirsutism, acne, and menstrual irregularities, and poses a significant psychological burden, including anxiety and depression. The evolving definition of PCOS, from the 1990 NIH conference to the 2003 Rotterdam conference, highlights its multifaceted nature, encompassing metabolic, reproductive, and psychological aspects. This overview aims to elucidate the complex interplay between PCOS's physiological and psychological dimensions. It focuses on understanding the heightened risk of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety, among women with PCOS and explores the contributing factors, such as obesity, body image issues, and stress. The etiology of PCOS involves a complex mixture of genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle factors that contribute to its pathophysiology and the associated mental health challenges. Stress, in various forms, including metabolic, inflammatory, oxidative, and emotional, is identified as a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Management strategies highlighted include lifestyle modifications, dietary and exercise interventions, and psychological therapies, underscoring the need for comprehensive and integrated care approaches that address the broad spectrum of PCOS effects. A multifaceted treatment approach that goes beyond just the physical symptoms of PCOS to also include its significant psychological effects is emphasized, reinforcing the necessity for a comprehensive, integrated care strategy to manage this complex condition effectively.
Topics: Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Female; Mental Health; Stress, Psychological; Women's Health; Depression; Anxiety; Obesity; Life Style
PubMed: 38905372
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038647