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Cardiovascular Diabetology Jul 2024The prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indices in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver...
Association between triglyceride-glucose related indices and mortality among individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
BACKGROUND
The prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indices in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the associations between TyG-related indices and long-term mortality in this population.
METHODS
The data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and National Death Index (NDI). Baseline TyG, TyG combining with body mass index (TyG-BMI), and TyG combining with waist circumference (TyG-WC) indices were calculated, and mortality status was determined through 31 December 2019. Multivariate Cox and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression models were performed to evaluate the relationship between TyG-related indices and long-term mortality among participants with NAFLD/MASLD. In addition, we examined the association between TyG-related indices and all-cause mortality within subgroups defined by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4).
RESULTS
There were 10,390 participants with completed ultrasonography and laboratory data included in this study. NAFLD was diagnosed in 3672/10,390 (35.3%) participants, while MASLD in 3556/10,390 (34.2%) amongst the overall population. The multivariate Cox regression analyses showed high levels of TyG-related indices, particularly in TyG-BMI and TyG-WC indices were significantly associated with the all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and diabetes mortality in either NAFLD or MASLD. The RCS curves showed a nonlinear trend between three TyG-related indices with all-cause mortality in either NAFLD or MASLD. Subgroup analyses showed that TyG-BMI and TyG-WC indices were more suitable for predicting all-cause mortality in patients without advanced fibrosis.
CONCLUSION
Our study highlights the clinical value of TyG-related indices in predicting the survival of the NAFLD/MASLD population. TyG-BMI and TyG-WC indices would be the surrogate biomarkers for the follow-up of the population without advanced fibrosis.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Triglycerides; Risk Assessment; Nutrition Surveys; Blood Glucose; Biomarkers; Adult; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Aged; United States; Cause of Death; Predictive Value of Tests; Body Mass Index; Fatty Liver; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 38965572
DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02343-7 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Jul 2024Obesity is a major public health concern associated with various health problems, including respiratory impairment. Bioelectrical impedance (BIA) is used in health...
BACKGROUND
Obesity is a major public health concern associated with various health problems, including respiratory impairment. Bioelectrical impedance (BIA) is used in health screening to assess body fat. However, there is no consensus in healthcare on how body fat should be assessed in relation to lung function. In this study, we aimed to investigate how BIA in relation to waist circumference contribute, using data from a large Swedish population study.
METHODS
A total of 17,097 participants (aged 45-75 years) were included in the study. The relationships between fat mass, waist circumference, and lung function were analysed using weighted quantile sum regression.
RESULTS
Increased fat mass was significantly associated with decreased lung function (FEV1, FVC) in both sexes. Also, the influence of trunk fat and waist circumference on FVC and FEV1 differed by sex: in males, waist circumference and trunk fat had nearly equal importance for FVC (variable weights of 0.42 and 0.41), whereas in females, trunk fat was significantly more important (variable weights 0.84 and 0.14). For FEV1, waist circumference was more important in males, while trunk fat was more significant in females (variable weights male 0.68 and 0.28 and 0.23 and 0.77 in female).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that trunk fat should be considered when assessing the impact of adipose tissue on lung function and should potentially be included in the health controls.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Electric Impedance; Middle Aged; Aged; Sweden; Waist Circumference; Sex Factors; Obesity, Abdominal; Forced Expiratory Volume; Vital Capacity; Lung; Respiratory Function Tests; Cross-Sectional Studies
PubMed: 38965493
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03128-0 -
Nature Communications Jul 2024It is unclear whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an independent risk factor for adverse birth outcomes in the offspring of affected women. Here, we investigate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
It is unclear whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an independent risk factor for adverse birth outcomes in the offspring of affected women. Here, we investigate the association of PCOS with birth outcomes in the offspring of women with PCOS overall and by potential confounders. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 73 studies and 92,881 offspring of women with and without PCOS from inception until 13 July 2022. We report that mothers with PCOS are younger and have higher body mass index (BMI) around conception and have greater gestational weight gain. The odds of preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and low birth weight are higher and mean birthweight is lower in PCOS of which a lower mean birthweight and a higher small for gestational age are probably independent of BMI. This work informed the recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing that PCOS status should be captured at pregnancy to identify risk and improve birth outcomes in the offspring.
Topics: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Pregnancy Outcome; Infant, Newborn; Birth Weight; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Body Mass Index; Fetal Growth Retardation; Risk Factors; Pregnancy Complications; Adult; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Gestational Weight Gain
PubMed: 38965241
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49752-6 -
Nature Communications Jul 2024Screening for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in antenatal care is inadequate, largely owing to the lack of clarity around whether PCOS is an independent risk factor... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Screening for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in antenatal care is inadequate, largely owing to the lack of clarity around whether PCOS is an independent risk factor for pregnancy complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis include 104 studies and 106,690 pregnancies in women with and without PCOS from inception until 13th July 2022. We report that women with PCOS are younger and have higher body mass index (BMI) around conception and have greater gestational weight gain. The odds of miscarriage, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia and cesarean section are higher in women with PCOS. The increased odds of adverse outcomes in PCOS remain significant when age and BMI are matched and when analyses are restricted to high-quality studies. This work informed the recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing that PCOS status should be captured in all women who are planning to, or have recently become pregnant to facilitate prevention of adverse outcomes and improve pregnancy outcomes.
Topics: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Humans; Pregnancy; Female; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Complications; Body Mass Index; Abortion, Spontaneous; Risk Factors; Adult; Diabetes, Gestational; Pre-Eclampsia; Cesarean Section; Gestational Weight Gain
PubMed: 38965226
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49749-1 -
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi =... Jun 2024To measure the overall and lobulated volume of the liver with different degrees of liver fibrosis and to further observe pathological changes such as liver...
To measure the overall and lobulated volume of the liver with different degrees of liver fibrosis and to further observe pathological changes such as liver microvasculature, hepatocyte apoptosis, and regeneration in order to understand the macroscopic volume changes of the liver during liver fibrosis and its relationship with liver tissue microscopic pathology in patients with chronic liver disease. 53 patients with chronic hepatitis B, alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced chronic liver disease who underwent both liver biopsy tissue and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging were collected. Patients were divided into early (F1-2), middle (F3-4), and late (F5-6) in accordance with the Ishak fibrosis stage and Masson stain. The liver and spleen volumes were measured using ITK-SNAP software. CD31 immunohistochemical staining was used to reflect intrahepatic angiogenesis. Ki67 and HNF-4α multiplex immunohistochemical staining were used to reflect hepatocyte regeneration. GS staining was used to determine parenchymal extinction lesions. TUNEL staining was used to observe hepatocyte apoptosis. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between liver volume changes and liver histopathological changes. As liver fibrosis progressed, the total liver volume and right lobe liver volume gradually decreased (<0.05), while the spleen volume gradually increased (<0.05). The expression of CD31 and GS gradually increased (<0.05), and the expression of Ki67 first increased and then decreased (<0.05). The positivity rate of CD31 was negatively correlated with the right lobe liver volume (=-0.609, <0.001) and the total liver volume (=-0.363, =0.017). The positivity rate of Ki67 was positively correlated with the right lobe liver volume (=0.423, =0.018), while the positivity rate of apoptotic cells was significantly negatively correlated with the total liver volume (=-0.860, <0.001). The positivity rate of GS was negatively correlated with the right lobe liver volume (=-0.440, =0.002), and the number of PELs was negatively correlated with RV (=-0.476, =0.013). The CD31 positive staining area was negatively correlated with the Ki67 positive staining area(=-0.511, =0.009). As liver fibrosis progresses, patients with chronic liver disease have a depletion in total liver volume and right lobe liver volume, and this is mainly in correlation with fewer liver cells and liver tissue microvasculature disorders.
Topics: Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Adult; Aged; Liver Regeneration; Chronic Disease; Hepatocytes; Organ Size; Apoptosis; Hepatitis B, Chronic
PubMed: 38964894
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231219-00286 -
Open Heart Jul 2024The independent role of body fat distribution and fat-free mass in heart failure (HF) risk is unclear. We investigated the role of different body composition...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The independent role of body fat distribution and fat-free mass in heart failure (HF) risk is unclear. We investigated the role of different body composition compartments in risk of HF.
METHODS
Present analyses include 428 087 participants (mean age 55.9 years, 44% male) from the UK Biobank. Associations of long-term average levels of body composition measures with incident HF were determined using adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models.
RESULTS
Over a median follow-up of 13.8 years, there were 10 455 first-ever incident HF events. Overall, HF risk was more strongly associated with central adiposity (waist circumference (WC) adjusted for body mass index (BMI); HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.45) than general adiposity (BMI adjusted for WC; HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.27). Although dual X-ray absorptiometry-derived body fat remained positively related to HF after adjustment for fat-free mass (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.59), the association of fat-free mass with HF was substantially attenuated by fat mass (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.26) while visceral fat (VAT) remained associated with HF independent of subcutaneous fat (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.33). In analyses of HF subtypes, HF with preserved ejection fraction was independently associated with all fat measures (eg, VAT: HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.35; body fat: HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.57) while HF with reduced ejection fraction was not independently associated with fat measures (eg, VAT: HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.68; body fat: HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.07).
CONCLUSIONS
This large-scale study shows that excess adiposity and fat mass are associated with higher HF risk while the association of fat-free mass with HF could be explained largely by its correlation with fat mass. The study also describes the independent relevance of body fat distribution to HF subtypes, suggesting different mechanisms may be driving their aetiopathogenesis.
Topics: Humans; Heart Failure; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Adiposity; Incidence; United Kingdom; Risk Factors; Risk Assessment; Body Mass Index; Follow-Up Studies; Aged; Absorptiometry, Photon; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Adult
PubMed: 38964877
DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002711 -
The New Zealand Medical Journal Jul 2024To describe urinary incontinence prevalence for New Zealand women.
AIMS
To describe urinary incontinence prevalence for New Zealand women.
METHODS
The New Zealand Health Survey Adult Sexual and Reproductive Health module 2014/2015 was used to estimate urinary incontinence prevalence. Associations between urinary incontinence and age, body mass index (BMI), parity and ethnicity were estimated by logistic regression adjusted for sampling weights.
RESULTS
There were 2,472/5,685 (43.5%) of women aged between and 16 and 74 who responded to the urinary incontinence question and reported at least some incontinence. The sample survey weight-adjusted prevalence (95% confidence interval) was 41.7% (40.0-43.4). An increased prevalence of incontinence was seen with older age, increased BMI and greater parity. The association between BMI and parity was complex, with the lower prevalence with lower BMI attenuated with increasing parity. After adjustment for these variables there was no association with incontinence prevalence for Māori versus non-Māori or European versus non-European.
CONCLUSIONS
Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent in New Zealand women. There was no association with ethnicity after adjusting for older age, increased BMI and parity. The prevalence identified in the New Zealand Health Survey is higher than that reported in older surveys based on the electoral roll.
Topics: Humans; New Zealand; Female; Adult; Urinary Incontinence; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Aged; Adolescent; Young Adult; Parity; Health Surveys; Body Mass Index; Reproductive Health; Sexual Health; Age Factors
PubMed: 38963932
DOI: 10.26635/6965.6575 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jul 2024The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of birth weight on tooth development in children aged 7-8 years.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of birth weight on tooth development in children aged 7-8 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This retrospective cohort study comprised 75 children born at Bint Al-Huda Hospital, Bojnurd, in 2013-2014. The children were categorized into three groups based on their birth weight: Normal Birth Weight (NBW), Low Birth Weight (LBW), and Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW). Panoramic radiographs were taken for orthodontic examination, and Demirjian's 8-teeth method was employed to determine dental age. The study compared dental and chronological age within each group. Data analysis utilized SPSS software version 26, employing One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
The mean difference in dental and chronological age for Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) children was 0.22 ± 0.44 years, for Low Birth Weight (LBW) children it was 0.19 ± 0.45 years, and for Normal Birth Weight (NBW) children, it was 0.08 ± 0.46 years. Although the mean difference decreased with increasing birth weight, this trend did not achieve statistical significance (P = 0.55). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between the weight groups (P = 0.529) or genders (P = 0.191).
Topics: Humans; Female; Retrospective Studies; Male; Child; Birth Weight; Radiography, Panoramic; Age Determination by Teeth; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Tooth
PubMed: 38963445
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05761-9 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, SBP; diastolic blood pressure, DBP) in children during...
BACKGROUND
To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, SBP; diastolic blood pressure, DBP) in children during COVID-19, providing reference for the prevention and screening of hypertension in children.
METHODS
This study adopted a large-scale cross-sectional design to investigate the association between BMI and blood pressure in 7-17-year-old students in City N, China, during COVID-19. Thirty-six primary and secondary schools in City N were sampled using a stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 11,433 students aged 7-17 years in City N, China, were selected for blood pressure (Diastolic blood pressure, DBP, Systolic blood pressure, SBP), height, and weight, Resting heart rate (RHR), chest circumference, measurements, and the study was written using the STROBE checklist. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, calculating the mean and standard deviation of BMI and blood pressure for male and female students in different age groups. Regression analysis was employed to explore the impact of BMI, age, and sex on SBP and DBP, and predictive models were established. The model fit was evaluated using the model R.
RESULTS
The study included 11,287 primary and secondary school students, comprising 5,649 boys and 5,638 girls. It was found that with increasing age, BMI and blood pressure of boys and girls generally increased. There were significant differences in blood pressure levels between boys and girls in different age groups. In regression models, LC, Age, BMI, and chest circumference show significant positive linear relationships with SBP and DBP in adolescents, while RHR exhibits a negative linear relationship with SBP. These factors were individually incorporated into a stratified regression model, significantly enhancing the model's explanatory power. After including factors such as Age, Gender, and BMI, the adjusted R value showed a significant improvement, with Age and BMI identified as key predictive factors for SBP and DBP. The robustness and predictive accuracy of the model were further examined through K-fold cross-validation and independent sample validation methods. The validation results indicate that the model has a high accuracy and explanatory power in predicting blood pressure in children of different weight levels, especially among obese children, where the prediction accuracy is highest.
CONCLUSION
During COVID-19, age, sex, and BMI significantly influence blood pressure in children aged 7-17 years, and predictive models for SBP and DBP were established. This model helps predict blood pressure in children and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Confirmation of factors such as sex, age, and BMI provide a basis for personalized health plans for children, especially during large-scale infectious diseases, providing guidance for addressing health challenges and promoting the health and well-being of children.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Body Mass Index; COVID-19; Child; Male; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; China; Blood Pressure; Hypertension; Sex Factors; SARS-CoV-2; Age Factors
PubMed: 38962763
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1409214 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Despite the evidence that energy balance is regulated differently in females and that the endocannabinoid system is sexually dimorphic, previous studies on the...
BACKGROUND
Despite the evidence that energy balance is regulated differently in females and that the endocannabinoid system is sexually dimorphic, previous studies on the endocannabinoid system and energy balance predominantly used male models. Here, we characterize the effects of cannabinoid receptor deletion on body weight gain and glucose metabolism in female C57BL mice.
METHODS
Female mice lacking the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R), cannabinoid-2 receptor (CB2R), or both receptors (CB1R/CB2R) and wild-type (WT) mice were fed with a low (LFD; 10% of calories from fat) or high-fat diet (HFD; 45% of calories from fat) for six weeks.
RESULTS
Female WT mice fed with HFD gained significantly more weight than WT mice fed with LFD (p < 0.001). Similar pattern was observed for CB2 mice fed with HFD compared to CB2R mice fed with LFD (p < 0.001), but not for CB1R fed with HFD vs. LFD (p = 0.22) or CB1R/CB2R fed with HFD vs. LFD (p = 0.96). Comparing the 4 groups on LFD, weight gain of CB1R mice was greater than all other genotypes (p < 0.05). When fed with HFD, the deletion of CB1R alone in females did not attenuate weight gain compared to WT mice (p = 0.72). Female CB1R/CB2R mice gained less weight than WT mice when fed with HFD (p = 0.007) despite similar food intake and locomotor activity, potentially owing to enhanced thermogenesis in the white adipose tissue. No significant difference in weight gain was observed for female CB2R and WT mice on LFD or HFD. Fasting glucose, however, was higher in CB2R mice fed with LFD than all other groups (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The effects of cannabinoid receptor deletion on glucose metabolism in female mice were similar to previously published findings on male mice, yet the effects on body weight gain and thermogenesis were attenuated in CB1R mice.
Topics: Animals; Female; Energy Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Diet, High-Fat; Mice, Knockout; Weight Gain; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Body Weight
PubMed: 38962676
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1386230