-
Asian Journal of Surgery Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Asperger Syndrome; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Syncope; Male; Adolescent
PubMed: 37635025
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.08.085 -
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Feb 2024This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cesarean section (CS) offspring and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)/attention deficit hyperactivity... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cesarean section (CS) offspring and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
METHODS
Searching of the databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library) for studies on the relationship between mode of delivery and ASD/ADHD until August 2022. The primary outcome was the incidence of ASD/ADHD in the offspring.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included 35 studies (12 cohort studies and 23 case-control studies). Statistical results showed a higher risk of ASD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, P < 0.001) and ADHD (OR = 1.11, P < 0.001) in CS offspring compared to the VD group. Partial subgroup analysis showed no difference in ASD risk between CS and VD offspring in sibling-matched groups (OR = 0.98, P = 0.625). The risk of ASD was higher in females (OR = 1.66, P = 0.003) than in males (OR = 1.17, P = 0.004) in the CS offspring compared with the VD group. There was no difference in the risk of ASD between CS under regional anesthesia group and VD group (OR = 1.07, P = 0.173). However, the risk of ASD was higher in the CS offspring under general anesthesia than in the VD offspring (OR = 1.62, P < 0.001). CS offspring developed autism (OR = 1.38, P = 0.011) and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (OR = 1.46, P = 0.004) had a higher risk than VD offspring, but there was no difference in Asperger syndrome (OR = 1.19, P = 0.115). Offspring born via CS had a higher incidence of ADHD in different subgroup analyses (sibling-matched, type of CS, and study design).
CONCLUSIONS
In this meta-analysis, CS was a risk factor for ASD/ADHD in offspring compared with VD.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Pregnancy; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cesarean Section; Risk Factors; Siblings
PubMed: 37219611
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07059-9 -
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Aug 2023The purpose of the study was to increase the body of knowledge related to sleep in children with autism. The specific aims were to (i) identify the subgroup of children...
AIMS
The purpose of the study was to increase the body of knowledge related to sleep in children with autism. The specific aims were to (i) identify the subgroup of children with autism, ages 3-17 years, referred for polysomnography and (ii) describe types and frequency of clinical encounters for sleep problems in a sample of children ages 3-17 with and without the diagnosis of autism.
METHODS
The authors performed a secondary data analysis of the de-identified Nationwide Children's Hospital Sleep DataBank, a collection of encounters with children referred for polysomnography. The data were filtered for ages 3-17 years at the time of the participant's first sleep study, and further filtered for the presence of an autism diagnosis.
RESULTS
In the sample, there were 2838 unique participants (M = 10.5 years) with a total of 172 167 encounters between 2017 and 2019. Of these, 198 (7%) were diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asperger's Syndrome, or Pervasive Developmental Disorder. Among all participants, the most common sleep problems were apnea, snoring, non-specified sleep disorders (including restless sleeper), circadian rhythm disorder (CRD), and insomnia. The subgroup of patients diagnosed with autism was noted to have higher frequency of several types of sleep problems, especially restless sleep, CRD and insomnia, compared to those without an autism diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings elucidate the increased presence of sleep problems in paediatric patients with autism, and the need for purposeful sleep evaluation and research given the potential impact on daytime function for these individuals and their families.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Polysomnography; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders
PubMed: 37162017
DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16421