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Journal of Managed Care & Specialty... Jul 2024Tralokinumab is the first selective interleukin 13 inhibitor approved for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. This article reports the findings of a comprehensive... (Review)
Review
Tralokinumab is the first selective interleukin 13 inhibitor approved for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. This article reports the findings of a comprehensive literature review and extensive economic analysis to assess tralokinumab's safety, effectiveness, and cost. Evidence synthesis involved evaluating comparative effectiveness and conducting economic sensitivity analyses. This review was prepared by the University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP) Student Chapter. The student author group won the AMCP National Pharmacy and Therapeutics competition for their tralokinumab product review in March 2023.
Topics: Humans; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Dermatitis, Atopic
PubMed: 38950159
DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2024.30.7.639 -
Annals of the American Thoracic Society Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Dermatitis, Atopic; Clinical Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38949603
DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202403-268LE -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... May 2024Despite its significant prevalence worldwide, atopy and allergic diseases continue to need more studies, with a need for published articles describing the prevalence of...
BACKGROUND
Despite its significant prevalence worldwide, atopy and allergic diseases continue to need more studies, with a need for published articles describing the prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases in Saudi society. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of atopic dermatitis diseases among college students at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University.
METHODS
The Cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia among college students at Imam Mohammed bin Saud Islamic University in Riyadh based on self-report Asthma and Allergies questionnaires (ISSAC questionnaire, atopic dermatitis part).
RESULTS
Seven hundred ninety-seven (797) students from 11 colleges participated in the study. About half (47.6%) aged between 21 and 24, and 73.7% were females. More than one-third (34.8%) had atopic dermatitis during the last six months, while 30.7% of the participants reported having itchy rash in the past 12 months, and 33.8% were diagnosed with eczema in any life interval. Age is not one of the significant factors affecting the prevalence of atopic dermatitis. However, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis slightly increases with age ( = 0.062). Atopic dermatitis was significantly higher among female students (39.7%) than 21.0% among male students ( = 0.000). College level nor GPA had no significant impact on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis ( = 0.238 and 0.884, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University students have a high prevalence of atopic dermatitis, which may indicate a higher prevalence of allergens. Females and older participants were more liable to reported atopic dermatitis.
PubMed: 38948585
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1748_23 -
Journal of Asthma and Allergy 2024To investigate the patterns of allergens in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and the association with allergic comorbidity.
PURPOSE
To investigate the patterns of allergens in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and the association with allergic comorbidity.
METHODS
This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 2972 children with AC. Clinical data, including sex, age, allergic comorbidities (allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis), and serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), were collected from the electronic medical record (EMR). The categorical variables were compared with the chi-square test. The characteristics of allergens in children of different ages and comorbidities were analyzed by trend chi-square. The sensitivity level of HDM associated with AC and comorbidities was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals of logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 2972 children (2015 boys and 957 girls) with AC were included in the study. The mean age was 3.78 (0.5~12) years. The most common allergen was house dust mite(HDM) (43.41%). With age, the positive rate for inhaled allergens gradually increased, and the positive rate for ingested allergens decreased. With the number of comorbidities increasing, the positive rates of sensitization were 38.33%, 74.51%, 80.72%, and 89.05%, and the incidence of polysensitization was 44.66%, 56.48%, 59.54%, and 74.59%, respectively. With the increase of HDM-sIgE level, the number of comorbidities and the risk increased gradually.
CONCLUSION
HDM is the most common allergen in AC children of different ages. High levels of HDM-sIgE may be a predictor for allergic comorbidities. Children with polysensitization and high levels of HDM sIgE will be an important target population for future intervention in other allergy-related disease prevention.
PubMed: 38947955
DOI: 10.2147/JAA.S467671 -
MedRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Jun 2024Individuals with Down syndrome (DS), the genetic condition caused by trisomy 21 (T21), display clear signs of immune dysregulation, including high rates of autoimmune...
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS), the genetic condition caused by trisomy 21 (T21), display clear signs of immune dysregulation, including high rates of autoimmune disorders and severe complications from infections. Although it is well established that T21 causes increased interferon responses and JAK/STAT signaling, elevated autoantibodies, global immune remodeling, and hypercytokinemia, the interplay between these processes, the clinical manifestations of DS, and potential therapeutic interventions remain ill defined. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of immune dysregulation at the clinical, cellular, and molecular level in hundreds of individuals with DS. We demonstrate multi-organ autoimmunity of pediatric onset concurrent with unexpected autoantibody-phenotype associations. Importantly, constitutive immune remodeling and hypercytokinemia occur from an early age prior to autoimmune diagnoses or autoantibody production. We then report the interim analysis of a Phase II clinical trial investigating the safety and efficacy of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib through multiple clinical and molecular endpoints. Analysis of the first 10 participants to complete the 16-week study shows a good safety profile and no serious adverse events. Treatment reduced skin pathology in alopecia areata, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, while decreasing interferon scores, cytokine scores, and levels of pathogenic autoantibodies without overt immune suppression. Additional research is needed to define the effects of JAK inhibition on the broader developmental and clinical hallmarks of DS. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04246372 .
PubMed: 38946973
DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.24308783 -
MedRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Jun 2024Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly heritable and common inflammatory skin condition affecting children and adults worldwide. Multi-ancestry approaches to AD genetic...
UNLABELLED
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly heritable and common inflammatory skin condition affecting children and adults worldwide. Multi-ancestry approaches to AD genetic association studies are poised to boost power to detect genetic signal and identify ancestry-specific loci contributing to AD risk. Here, we present a multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of twelve AD cohorts from five ancestral populations totaling 56,146 cases and 602,280 controls. We report 101 genomic loci associated with AD, including 15 loci that have not been previously associated with AD or eczema. Fine-mapping, QTL colocalization, and cell-type enrichment analyses identified genes and cell types implicated in AD pathophysiology. Functional analyses in keratinocytes provide evidence for genes that could play a role in AD through epidermal barrier function. Our study provides new insights into the etiology of AD by harnessing multiple genetic and functional approaches to unveil the mechanisms by which AD-associated variants impact genes and cell types.
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
BRG, MO, CH, KMS are employees of AbbVie. FT was an employee of AbbVie at the time of the study. JEG (University of Michigan) has received research support from AbbVie, Janssen, Almirall, Prometheus Biosciences/Merck, BMS/Celgene, Boehringer Ingelheim, Galderma, Eli Lilly, and advisor to Sanofi, Eli Lilly, Galderma, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim. MKS, RU, MTP, QL, RW, JMK, LCT are employees of University of Michigan and have no funding to disclose. MEM, AHS, FDM, DW, JTG, HH are employees of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and no funding to disclose. The design, study conduct, and financial support for this research were provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in the interpretation of data, review, and approval of the publication.
PubMed: 38946956
DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.17.24308897 -
Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic,... Jul 2024
PubMed: 38946668
DOI: 10.1089/derm.2024.0160 -
Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC Mar 2024Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is an inflammatory disease with numerous detrimental characteristics, namely its distressing symptoms, chronic course, sexual dysfunction,... (Review)
Review
Self-perceived Burden, Impairment in Quality of Life and Sexual Functioning, and Further Implications in Patients with Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Narrative Review and Personal Experience.
Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is an inflammatory disease with numerous detrimental characteristics, namely its distressing symptoms, chronic course, sexual dysfunction, disfiguring anatomical changes, only partial response to treatment, and risk of evolution towards cancer. Interest in the burden of VLS on patient quality of life is fairly recent and only relatively few studies have addressed it so far. In order to focus on the impact of VLS in affected women, an electronic search was performed using the National Library of Medicine PubMed database. All the studies assessing VLS-related suffering and quality of life impairment published in the English literature were analyzed, including controlled studies, case series, and guidelines. The available literature shows that VLS can negatively affect patients' daily lives and significantly impair their physical and social activities, mental health, self-esteem, sexual functioning, and satisfaction. Health-related quality of life impairment among women with VLS is defined as moderate to severe, comparable to that of patients affected with other high-impact chronic skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa. The symptoms are the main causes of the detrimental effect of VLS. By ameliorating symptoms, treatments are expected to highly improve patient quality of life, especially in case of complete clearance. Treating VLS has a beneficial impact on sexual dysfunction as well, even though dyspareunia appears less responsive than the other disease-related symptoms. In conclusion, the emotional and sexual dimensions are strongly impaired by VLS. Both in clinical practice and in clinical trials, quality of life and suffering should be taken into account and considered as strong conditioning factors in patient well-being. They should also become a measure of therapeutic response in treated patients.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Female; Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus; Self Concept; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological
PubMed: 38946189
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC Mar 2024The baseline therapy of atopic dermatitis (AD) includes emollient therapy, prevention of triggering factors and proper patients' education. Appropriate level of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
INTRODUCTION
The baseline therapy of atopic dermatitis (AD) includes emollient therapy, prevention of triggering factors and proper patients' education. Appropriate level of education about AD among patients is crucial for successful treatment of the disease.
AIMS
To compare and evaluate the level of knowledge about baseline therapy in atopic dermatitis (AD) between the adults with AD and the parents of children with AD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Adult patients with AD (n=180) and parents of children with AD (n=106) completed an original questionnaire covering issues of emollient therapy and bathing. For statistical comparison a chi - square test was used with significance level of 0,05.
RESULTS
With significance level of 0,05, the chi - square test showed a statistically significant difference comparing both groups. 52,38% adults and 68,73% parents proved to know the principles of basic therapy (p<0,05). 55,00% adults and 50,00% parents have not been informed how to apply emollients appropriately (p>=0,05). 75,56% and 74,53%, respectively, seek additional education about it (p>=0,05). 63,89% adults and 49,06% parents have not been informed about the principles of bathing (p<0,05). 70,00% and 74,54%, respectively, expect more comprehensive explanation of bathing rules (p>=0,05).
CONCLUSIONS
Adults with AD have lesser knowledge about baseline therapy than parents of children with AD. Both groups express a very strong need for education about baseline therapy in AD.
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Male; Female; Adult; Patient Education as Topic; Parents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Emollients; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Child; Middle Aged; Adolescent; Young Adult
PubMed: 38946184
DOI: No ID Found -
Trends in Immunology Jun 2024Basophils, rare granulocytes, have long been acknowledged for their roles in type 2 immune responses. However, the mechanisms by which basophils adapt their functions to... (Review)
Review
Basophils, rare granulocytes, have long been acknowledged for their roles in type 2 immune responses. However, the mechanisms by which basophils adapt their functions to diverse mammalian microenvironments remain unclear. Recent advancements in specific research tools and single-cell-based technologies have greatly enhanced our understanding of basophils. Several studies have shown that basophils play a role in maintaining homeostasis but can also contribute to pathology in various tissues and organs, including skin, lung, and others. Here, we provide an overview of recent basophil research, including cell development, characteristics, and functions. Based on an increasing understanding of basophil biology, we suggest that the precise targeting of basophil features might be beneficial in alleviating certain pathologies such as asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), and others.
PubMed: 38944621
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.05.009