-
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Dentin hypersensitivity, often occurring after dental treatments or from erosive lesions, is a prevalent patient complaint. This study introduces a paste combining 8%... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Evaluation and comparison of the effects of a new paste containing 8% L-Arginine and CaCO3 plus KNO3 on dentinal tubules occlusion and dental sensitivity: a randomized, triple blinded clinical trial study.
BACKGROUND
Dentin hypersensitivity, often occurring after dental treatments or from erosive lesions, is a prevalent patient complaint. This study introduces a paste combining 8% L-arginine, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate to evaluate its impact on dentinal tubules occlusion, dentin permeability, and tooth sensitivity.
METHODS
Dentin surfaces from 24 third molars (thickness: 2 mm) were divided into two groups of 12. One received the experimental paste, while the other received a placebo without desensitizer. Permeability and sealing ability were assessed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dentin permeability measurement. The pastes' effects on hypersensitivity were then examined in a triple-blind, randomized parallel-armed clinical trial with 16 eligible patients. Sensitivity to cold, touch, and spontaneous stimuli was recorded using the VAS scale at various intervals post-treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
The permeability test demonstrated a significant reduction in dentin permeability in the experimental group (P = 0.002) compared to the control (P = 0.178). SEM images revealed most dentinal tubules in the intervention samples to be occluded. Clinically, both groups showed a significant decrease in the three types of evaluated sensitivity throughout the study. However, no significant difference in sensitivities between the two groups was observed, with the exception of cold sensitivity at three months post-treatment (P = 0.054).
CONCLUSION
The innovative desensitizing paste featuring 8% L-arginine, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate effectively occluded dentinal tubules and reduced dentin permeability. It mitigated immediate and prolonged dentin hypersensitivity to various stimuli, supporting its potential role in managing dentin hypersensitivity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
http://irct.ir : IRCT20220829055822N1, September 9th, 2022.
Topics: Humans; Dentin Sensitivity; Arginine; Calcium Carbonate; Nitrates; Male; Female; Potassium Compounds; Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Adult; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Dentin Permeability; Dentin; Toothpastes; Young Adult; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38685035
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04298-3 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024The stability of resin-dentin interfaces is still highly questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Salvadora persica on resin-dentin bond...
BACKGROUND
The stability of resin-dentin interfaces is still highly questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Salvadora persica on resin-dentin bond durability.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Extracted human third molars were used to provide mid-coronal dentin, which was treated with 20% Salvadora persica extract for 1 min after acid-etching. Microtensile bond strength and interfacial nanoleakage were evaluated after 24 h and 6 months. A three-point flexure test was used to measure the stiffness of completely demineralized dentin sticks before and after treatment with Salvadora persica extract. The hydroxyproline release test was also used to measure collagen degradation by endogenous dentin proteases. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Bonferroni test and unpaired t-test. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The use of Salvadora persica as an additional primer with etch-and-rinse adhesive did not affect the immediate bond strengths and nanoleakage (p > 0.05). After 6 months, the bond strength of the control group decreased (p = 0.007), and nanoleakage increased (p = 0.006), while Salvadora persica group showed no significant difference in bond strength and nanoleakage compared to their 24 h groups (p > 0.05). Salvadora persica increased dentin stiffness and decreased collagen degradation (p < 0.001) compared to their controls.
CONCLUSION
Salvadora persica extract pretreatment of acid-etched dentin preserved resin-dentin bonded interface for 6 months.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Durability of resin-dentin bonded interfaces is still highly questionable. Endogenous dentinal matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in degradation of dentinal collagen within such interfaces. Salvadora persica may preserve resin-dentin interfaces for longer periods of time contributing to greater clinical success and longevity of resin composite restorations.
Topics: Humans; Dentin; Tensile Strength; Plant Extracts; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Salvadoraceae; Acid Etching, Dental; Collagen; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing; Hydroxyproline; Dental Stress Analysis; Composite Resins; Time Factors; Resin Cements
PubMed: 38684974
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04244-3 -
Dentistry Journal Apr 2024The need for controlling bacteria and pain during root canal therapy is undeniable. This clinical trial aimed to assess whether there is a difference in colony-forming...
Assessment of Bacterial Load and Post-Endodontic Pain after One-Visit Root Canal Treatment Using Two Types of Endodontic Access Openings: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
The need for controlling bacteria and pain during root canal therapy is undeniable. This clinical trial aimed to assess whether there is a difference in colony-forming unit (CFU) reduction after instrumentation and post-endodontic pain after root canal treatment (RCT) using a traditional endodontic cavity (TEC) versus a conservative endodontic cavity (CEC). This clinical study was conducted on 89 patients designated for a single-visit RCT. Patients were allocated randomly (TEC = 45 and CEC = 44). The access opening was gained accordingly in each group by a single operator. A pre-instrumentation sample of root canal dentin was collected using an endodontic file; the second sample was collected similarly, right after shaping and cleaning the root canal. The CFU was calculated based on the samples collected. The pain level was recorded preoperatively and at 1, 7, and 21 days postoperatively utilizing a visual analog scale (VAS). There were no statistically significant differences in the CFU reduction between the TEC and CEC groups ( > 0.05). Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences found in postoperative pain levels between the TEC and CEC at 1, 7, and 21 days ( > 0.05). Despite the limitations of this study, both the CEC and TEC demonstrate a decrease in bacteria within the root canals and alleviate postoperative pain with no difference between them.
PubMed: 38668000
DOI: 10.3390/dj12040088 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society Apr 2024(1) To compare the temperature rise in the pulp chamber with different resin materials used for making provisional fixed partial dentures in anterior and posterior... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
AIM
(1) To compare the temperature rise in the pulp chamber with different resin materials used for making provisional fixed partial dentures in anterior and posterior region while using Polyvinylsiloxane impression materials as matrix. (2) To identify a superior provisionalization material based on the amount of heat dissipated suitable for anterior and posterior provisional fixed partial denture fabrication.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
Temporary crowns and bridges are integral to Fixed Prosthodontics. It has been observed that conventional fixed prosthesis temporisation materials release heat due to the exothermic polymerisation reaction. When such a provisional material is directly let to set on a vital tooth, the heat transfer causes irreversible changes in the pulp tissue depending of the degree of change. Hence, this study observes amount of heat generation in various materials during temporisation procedure, by simulating similar conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two Models were fabricated, one simulating missing lateral incisor (Model A) and another simulating missing first molar (Model B). Intact maxillary central incisors and canine for Model A and intact mandibular Second Premolar and Second Molar were selected to act as abutments. These abutment teeth were fitted with the tip of a K-type Thermocouple inside their pulp chambers and these were connected to a digital thermometer. Five temporisation materials were chosen for fabrication of temporary crowns through Direct technique. (1) polymethy methacrylate (Self Cure acrylic), (2) bisacryl composite (Protemp 4), (3) visible light cure urethane dimethacrylate (Revotec LC), (4) barium glass and fumed silica infused methacrylate (Dentsply Integrity) and (5)nano-hybrid composite (VOCO Structur 3). Ten observations were made for each provisional material on each model. During each observation, temperature rise was recorded at 30s interval from the time of application, through the peak and till a decrease in temperature is observed. Polyvinyl siloxane was used as matrix for all except light cure resin, where polypropylene sheet was used.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Anova test used for statistical.
RESULTS
ANOVA test revealed that there was a significant difference in the temperature changes associated with the provisional restorative materials used. Among the five, polymethy methacrylate (self cure resin) showed the maximum rise in temperature, followed by bisacryl composite (Protemp 4), visible light cure urethane dimethacrylate (Revotec LC), barium glass and fumed silica infused methacrylate (Dentsply Integrity) and nano-hybrid composite (VOCO Structur 3). There was no comparable difference between Model A and B but an overall reduction of temperature rise was observed in model B.
CONCLUSION
VOCO Structur 3 showed the least temperature rise in the pulp chamber, and overall temperature rise was less for model B which can be attributed to the residual dentin thickness.
Topics: Polymerization; Humans; Dental Pulp Cavity; Siloxanes; In Vitro Techniques; Materials Testing; Composite Resins; Dental Restoration, Temporary; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Temperature; Dental Impression Materials; Dental Materials
PubMed: 38650344
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_492_23 -
Cellular and Molecular Biology... Mar 2024This study aimed to evaluate the physiological role of NAMPT associated with MDPC-23 odontoblast cell proliferation. Cell viability was measured using the (DAPI)...
This study aimed to evaluate the physiological role of NAMPT associated with MDPC-23 odontoblast cell proliferation. Cell viability was measured using the (DAPI) staining, caspase activation analysis and immunoblotting were performed. Visfatin promoted MDPC-23 odontoblast cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the up-regulation of Visfatin promoted odontogenic differentiation and accelerated mineralization through an increase in representative odontoblastic biomarkers in MDPC-23 cells. However, FK-866 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner induced nuclear condensation and fragmentation. FK-866-treated cells showed H&E staining and increased apoptosis compared to control cells. The expression of anti-apoptotic factors components of the mitochondria-dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway significantly decreased following FK-866 treatment. The expression of pro-apoptotic increased upon FK-866 treatment. In addition, FK-866 activated caspase-3 and PARP to induce cell death. In addition, after treating FK-866 for 72 h, the 3/7 activity of MDPC-23 cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner, and the IHC results also confirmed that Caspase-3 increased in a concentration-dependent. Therefore, the presence or absence of NAMPT expression in dentin cells was closely related to cell proliferation and formation of extracellular substrates.
Topics: Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Odontoblasts; Animals; Mice; Cell Line; Cytokines; Caspase 3; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Acrylamides; Odontogenesis
PubMed: 38650160
DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.3.4 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Root caries is preventable and can be arrested at any stage of disease development. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mineral exchange and...
BACKGROUND
Root caries is preventable and can be arrested at any stage of disease development. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mineral exchange and fluorapatite formation within artificial root carious lesions (ARCLs) using different toothpastes containing 5,000 ppm F, 1,450 ppm F or bioactive glass (BG) with 540 ppm F.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The crowns of each extracted sound tooth were removed. The remaining roots were divided into four parts (n = 12). Each sample was randomly allocated into one of four groups: Group 1 (Deionised water); Group 2 (BG with 540 ppm F); Group 3 (1,450 ppm F) and Group 4 (5,000 ppm F). ARCLs were developed using demineralisation solution (pH 4.8). The samples were then pH-cycled in 13 days using demineralisation solution (6 h) and remineralisation solution (pH 7) (16 h). Standard tooth brushing was carried out twice a day with the assigned toothpaste. X-ray Microtomography (XMT) was performed for each sample at baseline, following ARCL formation and after 13-day pH-cycling. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and F Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (F-MAS-NMR) were also performed.
RESULTS
XMT results showed that the highest mineral content increase (mean ± SD) was Group 4 (0.09 ± 0.05), whilst the mineral content decreased in Group 1 (-0.08 ± 0.06) after 13-day pH-cycling, however there was evidence of mineral loss within the subsurface for Groups 1, 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). SEM scans showed that mineral contents within the surface of dentine tubules were high in comparison to the subsurface in all toothpaste groups. There was evidence of dentine tubules being either partially or completely occluded in toothpaste groups. F-MAS-NMR showed peaks between - 103 and - 104ppm corresponding to fluorapatite formation in Groups 3 and 4.
CONCLUSION
Within the limitation of this laboratory-based study, all toothpastes were potentially effective to increase the mineral density of artificial root caries on the surface, however there was evidence of mineral loss within the subsurface for Groups 1, 3 and 4.
Topics: Pilot Projects; Toothpastes; Root Caries; Humans; X-Ray Microtomography; Apatites; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Fluorides; Tooth Remineralization; Cariostatic Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 38649931
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04061-8 -
BMC Ecology and Evolution Apr 2024Tooth replacement patterns of early-diverging ornithischians, which are important for understanding the evolution of the highly specialized dental systems in hadrosaurid...
BACKGROUND
Tooth replacement patterns of early-diverging ornithischians, which are important for understanding the evolution of the highly specialized dental systems in hadrosaurid and ceratopsid dinosaurs, are poorly known. The early-diverging neornithischian Jeholosaurus, a small, bipedal herbivorous dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota, is an important taxon for understanding ornithischian dental evolution, but its dental morphology was only briefly described previously and its tooth replacement is poorly known.
RESULTS
CT scanning of six specimens representing different ontogenetic stages of Jeholosaurus reveals significant new information regarding the dental system of Jeholosaurus, including one or two replacement teeth in nearly all alveoli, relatively complete tooth resorption, and an increase in the numbers of alveoli and replacement teeth during ontogeny. Reconstructions of Zahnreihen indicate that the replacement pattern of the maxillary dentition is similar to that of the dentary dentition but with a cyclical difference. The maxillary tooth replacement rate in Jeholosaurus is probably 46 days, which is faster than that of most other early-diverging ornithischians. During the ontogeny of Jeholosaurus, the premaxillary tooth replacement rate slows from 25 days to 33 days with similar daily dentine formation.
CONCLUSIONS
The tooth replacement rate exhibits a decreasing trend with ontogeny, as in Alligator. In a phylogenetic context, fast tooth replacement and multi-generation replacement teeth have evolved at least twice independently in Ornithopoda, and our analyses suggest that the early-diverging members of the major ornithischian clades exhibit different tooth replacement patterns as an adaption to herbivory.
Topics: Animals; Phylogeny; Dinosaurs; Herbivory; Fossils; Tooth
PubMed: 38627692
DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02233-2 -
Radiation and Environmental Biophysics May 2024This study aimed to assess the in vitro effects of re-irradiation on enamel and dentin properties, simulating head and neck cancer radiotherapy retreatment. Forty-five...
This study aimed to assess the in vitro effects of re-irradiation on enamel and dentin properties, simulating head and neck cancer radiotherapy retreatment. Forty-five human permanent molars were classified into five groups: non-irradiated; irradiated 60 Gy, and re-irradiated with doses of 30, 40, and 50 Gy. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed for analysis. Raman spectroscopy assessed intensity, spectral area, and specific peaks comparatively. Statistical analysis involved Kolmogorov-Smirnov and One-Way ANOVA tests, with Tukey's post-test (significance level set at 5%). Significant changes in irradiated, non-irradiated, and re-irradiated enamel peaks were observed, including phosphate (438 nm), hydroxyapatite (582 nm), phosphate (960 nm), and carbonate (1070 nm) (p < 0.05). Re-irradiation affected the entire tooth (p > 0.05), leading to interprismatic region degradation, enamel prism destruction, and hydroxyapatite crystal damage. Dentin exhibited tubule obliteration, crack formation, and progressive collagen fiber fragmentation. EDX revealed increased oxygen percentage and decreased phosphorus and calcium post-reirradiation. It is concluded that chemical and morphological changes in irradiated permanent teeth were dose-dependent, exacerbated by re-irradiation, causing substantial damage in enamel and dentin.
Topics: Humans; Dental Enamel; Dentin; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Tooth; Molar
PubMed: 38625398
DOI: 10.1007/s00411-024-01068-1 -
Journal of Dental Sciences Apr 2024Iontophoresis could enhance the delivery of chlorhexidine into oral tissue. This study aimed to determine the effect of 2% chlorhexidine iontophoresis (CHI) on the...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Iontophoresis could enhance the delivery of chlorhexidine into oral tissue. This study aimed to determine the effect of 2% chlorhexidine iontophoresis (CHI) on the sealing ability of etch-and-rinse adhesive in human dentin using hydraulic conductance (HD) measurement, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-nine sound dentin specimens were prepared from 39 extracted intact third molars. Thirty specimens were used for HD measurement and randomly divided into 3 equal-sized groups; (1) No chlorhexidine treatment (control), (2) passive chlorhexidine treatment (CHT) and (3) CHI on acid-etched dentin. Each dentin surface was treated with etch-and-rinse adhesive. HD of each specimen was measured before treatment, after immediate bonding and after 14 days. The other 9 specimens were subjected to SEM-EDS analysis of the acid-etched dentin and the dentin treated with CHT and CHI. ANOVA test and Student-Newman-Keuls method were used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
After bonding, there was no significant difference in percentage decrease of HD among the treatment groups ( > 0.05). After 14 days, CHI and CHT groups had greater percentage decrease of HD than the control ( < 0.001 and = 0.009, respectively). Under SEM-EDS analysis, acid-etched dentin with CHI presented opened dentinal tubule orifices and more chlorhexidine precipitates on dentin than the dentin with CHT, which strongly related to a higher percentage of chloride ions on the CHI dentin surface ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The use of CHI on acid-etched dentin had a positive effect on dentin sealing ability of etch-and-rinse adhesive.
PubMed: 38618063
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.09.004 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Material-dependent parameters have an important impact on the efficiency of light polymerization. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of the...
BACKGROUND
Material-dependent parameters have an important impact on the efficiency of light polymerization. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of the increment thickness and shade of nano- and nanohybrid resin composites on the transmission of curing light.
METHODS
Three contemporary resin composites were evaluated: Tetric EvoCeram (TEC); Venus Diamond (VD); and Filtek Supreme XTE (FS XTE). Light transmission (LT) was recorded in accordance with the sample thickness (0.5 to 2.7 mm) and the shade. Polymerized samples were irradiated for 10 s each using the high-power LED curing light Celalux 2 (1900 mW/cm). LT was simultaneously recorded using the MARC Patient Simulator (MARC-PS).
RESULTS
LT was strongly influenced by the composite layer thickness. For 0.5 mm-thick samples, a mean power density of 735 mW/cm was recorded at the bottom side. For the 2.7 mm samples, a mean power density of 107 mW/cm was measured. Only LT was markedly reduced in the case of darker shades. From A1 to A4, LT decreased by 39.3% for FS XTE and 50.8% for TEC. Dentin shades of FS XTE and TEC (A2, A4) showed the lowest LT.
CONCLUSIONS
The thickness and shade of resin composite increments strongly influences the transmission of curing light. More precise information about these parameters should be included in the manufacture manual.
PubMed: 38612069
DOI: 10.3390/ma17071554