-
Veterinary Journal (London, England :... Jun 2024Tooth resorption (TR) is one of the most common dental diseases of cats. It is a painful condition leading to tooth loss. The etiology of TR remains unclear, but old...
Tooth resorption (TR) is one of the most common dental diseases of cats. It is a painful condition leading to tooth loss. The etiology of TR remains unclear, but old age, breed, other oral and dental diseases, and environmental factors are suspected predisposing factors. In our study, we used part of the data from the extensive feline health online survey of 8115 Finnish cats. As TR is difficult to detect and as the feline health survey included diagnoses defined by both veterinarians and the owners, we limited our study to a subpopulation of cats diagnosed with oral or dental disease by a veterinarian and had dental examination or surgery under sedation (n=944). We utilized case-control study analysed by multivariable logistic regression to determine the risk factors and breed variation of feline TR. The 202 cats diagnosed with TR were defined as TR cases and the remaining 742 cats as controls. The frequency of veterinarian-diagnosed TR was 3.9% in the health survey data (316/8115) and 21% in the subpopulation (202/944). The risk of TR increased with age (14.7% in youngest and 25.3% in oldest age group). Our finding that TR was significantly associated with gingivitis or periodontitis in cats that had also calculus (OR: 2.49 and 3.70, respectively) suggests that inflammatory changes caused by calculus increase the risk of TR. We found that Cornish Rex, European, and Ragdoll are at higher risk for TR (OR: 2.44, 2.98 and 2.90, respectively). Exotic-Persians breed group had lower risk (OR: 0.28). TR was not observed in Turkish van or Devon Rex. The differences between breeds highlight a genetic contribution. In addition, female cats that had food available constantly had significantly less TR than female cats that had feeding times (OR: 0.44). The underlying reasons for this remain unexplained in our study.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cat Diseases; Case-Control Studies; Tooth Resorption; Female; Male; Risk Factors; Finland; Genetic Predisposition to Disease
PubMed: 38740176
DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106133 -
ACS Applied Bio Materials May 2024Nanofluids hold significant promise in diverse applications, particularly in biomedicine, where noble trimetallic nanofluids outperformed their monometallic...
Nanofluids hold significant promise in diverse applications, particularly in biomedicine, where noble trimetallic nanofluids outperformed their monometallic counterparts. The composition, morphology, and size of these nanofluids play pivotal roles in their functionality. Controlled synthesis methods have garnered attention, focusing on precise morphology, content, biocompatibility, and versatile chemistry. Understanding how reaction parameters such as time, reducing agents, stabilizers, precursor concentration, temperature, and pH affect size and shape during synthesis is crucial. Trimetallic nanofluids, with their ideal composition, size, surface structure, and synergistic properties, are gaining traction in antimicrobial applications. These nanofluids were tested against seven microorganisms, demonstrating a heightened antimicrobial efficacy. Computational analyses, including molecular docking, dynamics, density functional theory (DFT), molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) analysis, and absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicology studies (ADMET) provided insights into binding interactions, energy, reactivity, and safety profiles, affirming the antimicrobial potential of trimetallic nanofluids. These findings emphasize the importance of controlled synthesis and computational validation in harnessing the unique properties of trimetallic nanofluids for biomedical applications.
PubMed: 38722351
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01268 -
Cureus Apr 2024Uterine perforations caused by intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) have been rarely documented in medical literature. However, the migration of these devices into...
Uterine perforations caused by intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) have been rarely documented in medical literature. However, the migration of these devices into the bladder (intravesical migration), resulting in calculus formation, is an exceptionally uncommon occurrence. When intravesical migration happens, the IUCD may be found lodged in the bladder. In this particular case, the presence of the IUCD was detected within the bladder in the form of calculus, notably without adhering or embedding in the bladder walls. Despite being inserted nine years prior, the patient underwent seven normal deliveries without complications and remained asymptomatic concerning urinary issues until the last two years before presentation. The calculus was successfully removed from the urinary bladder via a laparotomy performed by gynecologists. This case underscores the essential role of radiological investigations and regular follow-ups in patients who report conception after IUCD insertion, as they aid in confirming the potential migration of the device and facilitate timely intervention for removal.
PubMed: 38707065
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57582 -
BMC Public Health May 2024Periodontitis represents the foremost oral condition in young men, strongly correlated with socioeconomic elements and oral health behaviors. This research aimed to...
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis represents the foremost oral condition in young men, strongly correlated with socioeconomic elements and oral health behaviors. This research aimed to assess the prevalence of periodontitis and associated associations with socio-demographics and oral health practices for subsequent Hazard Ratio (HR) estimation.
METHODS
A total of 46,476 young men were recruited to the study between August 2022 and October 2023. A questionnaire on socio-demographic factors and oral health-related behaviors related to periodontitis was completed. The standard procedure was used for oral examination. Logistic regression and hazard ratios were used to estimate the influencing factors, whereas the nomogram was used to predict the risk of periodontitis in young men.
RESULTS
A total of 46,476 young men were surveyed and completed the questionnaire. The overall prevalence of periodontitis among young men was 1.74%. Out of these, 1.7% had mild periodontitis and 0.6% had moderate periodontitis. Age and dental calculus were important factors in the periodontal health of young men. This nomogram, which includes 7 easily obtainable clinical characteristics routinely collected during periodontitis risk assessment, provides clinicians with a user-friendly tool to assess the risk of periodontal disease in young men.
CONCLUSIONS
Regular dental prophylaxis is crucial for young men to maintain their gingival health and prevent the onset of periodontitis. Dental calculus plays a prominent role in this matter, as it serves as a significant contributing factor.
Topics: Humans; Male; Periodontitis; Cross-Sectional Studies; China; Young Adult; Prevalence; Adult; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Adolescent; Nomograms; Oral Health; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 38704531
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18732-2 -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene Apr 2024To evaluate the advantages of a novel protocol involving full-mouth erythritol-powder air-polishing followed by ultrasonic calculus removal in the maintenance of...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the advantages of a novel protocol involving full-mouth erythritol-powder air-polishing followed by ultrasonic calculus removal in the maintenance of patients treated for gingivitis, with a focus on time and comfort.
METHODS
Systemically healthy patients with gingivitis were selected. Following a split-mouth design, quadrants 1-4 and 2-3 were randomly allocated to receive air-polishing followed by ultrasonic calculus removal following a protocol known as Guided Biofilm Therapy (GBT) or traditional full-mouth ultrasonic debridement followed by polishing with a rubber cup and prophylactic paste (US + P). Bleeding on probing (BoP) and the plaque index (PI) were collected at baseline (T0), 2 weeks (T1), 4 weeks (T2), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T4) and 12 months (T5). Following the same randomization, prophylactic therapy was provided at 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T4). Clinical parameters, treatment time and patient comfort and satisfaction were evaluated.
RESULTS
A total of 41 patients were selected, 39 completed the study. The clinical parameters were clinically satisfactory for both treatments at every time. At 4 months after treatment, GBT maintained significantly lower BoP and PI. GBT protocol required a significantly lower treatment time, especially at T3 and T4, when it saved 24.5% and 25.1% of the time, respectively. Both treatments were rated positively by most patients. However, GBT was perceived as more comfortable, and a higher number of patients preferred it.
CONCLUSION
No significant difference was observed between GBT and conventional ultrasonic debridement and rubber cup polishing in terms of BoP and PI levels. The GBT protocol allowed less time expenditure and higher patients' perceived comfort.
PubMed: 38689395
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12812 -
Archives of Oral Biology Jul 2024An ex-vivo study was aimed at (i) programming clinically validated robot three-year random toothbrushing, (ii) evaluating cervical macro- and microwear patterns on all...
OBJECTIVES
An ex-vivo study was aimed at (i) programming clinically validated robot three-year random toothbrushing, (ii) evaluating cervical macro- and microwear patterns on all tooth groups of different functional age, (iii) documenting and codificating wear related morphological features at the cemento-enamel junction in young teeth and on roots in older teeth.
DESIGN
Following ethical approval random toothbrushing (44 strokes per tooth horizontally, rotating, vertically; 2x/d) with manual toothbrushes and low-abrasive dentifrice was performed in an artificial oral cavity with brushing-force 3.5 N on 14 extracted human teeth. Morphological features were examined by SEM at baseline and after simulated 3 years using the replication technique. 3D-SEM analyses were carried out with a four-quadrant back scattered electron detector. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-test was used for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
3-year random toothbrushing with horizontal, rotating and vertical brushing movements revealed morphological features classified as four enamel patterns, one dentin pattern and three cervical patterns. Negative impacts were enamel, cementum and dentin loss. Positive impact on oral health was removing dental calculus and straightening cervical traumatic and iatrogenic damages. The volume loss varied from x̅=34.25nl to x̅=87.75nl. Wear extended apically from 100 to 1500 micrometres.
CONCLUSION
Robot simulated toothbrushing in an artificial oral cavity, with subsequent SEM and 3D-SEM assessment, elucidated both negative and oral health-contributing micromorphology patterns of cervical wear after simulated 3-year random toothbrushing. Cervical macro- and microwear of cementum revealed, for the first time, what we describe as overhanging enamel peninsulas and enamel islands on roots in young teeth, but no enamel islands on roots from older teeth after root cementum loss. In contrast, many older teeth exhibited enamel peninsulas.
Topics: Humans; Toothbrushing; Tooth Wear; Tooth Cervix; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Robotics; Dental Enamel; Dental Cementum; Dentin; Dentifrices; In Vitro Techniques
PubMed: 38669743
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105981 -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene Apr 2024Peri-implant mucositis is a biofilm-related, reversible inflammatory disease that can evolve into peri-implantitis if not adequately treated. The aim of the present...
OBJECTIVES
Peri-implant mucositis is a biofilm-related, reversible inflammatory disease that can evolve into peri-implantitis if not adequately treated. The aim of the present randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of air-abrasive powder as compared to chlorhexidine (CHX) for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis, in terms of clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) and occurrence of peri-implantitis 12 months after treatment.
METHODS
In the control group, full-mouth calculus and plaque removal was performed with ultrasound and manual devices, and a 1.0% CHX gel was applied; in the test group, supra- and subgingival biofilm removal was performed using erythritol powder with a dedicated nozzle and calculus removal was performed with ultrasonic instruments if needed. Bleeding and plaque indexes, peri-implant probing depth and tissue level were measured at 1 week, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, while PROMs were evaluated up to 7 days after treatment.
RESULTS
Among 80 included implants, 70 were analysed at 12 months follow-up (30 in the test group, 40 in the control group, and 20 subjects). Success rates (implant-level) in terms of bleeding index were significantly different between the test (96.7%) and control group (92.5%); as for PROMs, only taste sensation was significantly better in the test group. The test group was significantly correlated to the smallest changes in peri-implant probing depth between baseline and 3 months.
CONCLUSIONS
The study showed that both treatment strategies are effective. This suggests that the use of air-abrasive powders could be used as an alternative biofilm removal method instead of adjunctive treatments with antiseptics.
PubMed: 38659293
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12814 -
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry Apr 2024To investigate the effect of full-mouth disinfection on the sizes of the periodontal wound and periodontal inflammatory burden and whether it leads to a decrease in...
PURPOSE
To investigate the effect of full-mouth disinfection on the sizes of the periodontal wound and periodontal inflammatory burden and whether it leads to a decrease in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study included 20 systemically healthy subjects (11 women and 9 men) 30 to 68 years old with localised or generalised periodontitis (stage III, grade C). The sizes of the periodontal wound and periodontal inflammatory burden were measured with the web application "Periodontalwound", which is based on measurements of average tooth cervices, as well as probing depths and bleeding on probing assessed at six sites around each tooth present in the oral cavity. The levels of hsCRP (high-sensitivity CRP) were measured with an immunochemical method. All three parameters were measured before initial treatment and 3 months after therapy. Full-mouth disinfection included removal of plaque and calculus with ultrasonic and hand instruments in one session.
RESULTS
The results showed a statistically significant decrease in the size of the periodontal wound (p < 0.001), a statistically significant decrease in the size of periodontal inflammatory burden (p < 0.001), and a decrease in hsCRP levels 3 months after therapy.
CONCLUSION
Full-mouth disinfection leads to a decrease in the periodontal wound and periodontal inflammatory burden size, as well as a decrease in the levels of hsCRP in patients with localised or generalised periodontitis (stage III, grade C).
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; C-Reactive Protein; Middle Aged; Adult; Aged; Disinfection; Periodontitis; Periodontal Index; Dental Plaque; Dental Calculus; Periodontal Pocket; Ultrasonic Therapy
PubMed: 38652288
DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b5245853 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2024Periodontal disease is one of the most common health issues in dogs. However, disease is largely preventable by eliminating dental plaque, best achieved by daily tooth...
INTRODUCTION
Periodontal disease is one of the most common health issues in dogs. However, disease is largely preventable by eliminating dental plaque, best achieved by daily tooth brushing. Unfortunately, owner adherence is low to the recommendation of daily tooth brushing in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various communication strategies, traditional advice (TA) versus motivational interviewing (MI), and compare them to a control group receiving no additional communication (CG), on dog owners' performance of dental home care and the oral health of their dogs.
METHODS
The study was conducted as a longitudinal clinical intervention study spanning 3 years, and involved 75 dog owners with young dogs who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: TA, MI, or CG. Intervention groups received annual telephone consultations based on their assigned methodology. A questionnaire was administered twice to all groups, and the dental health of the dogs was assessed at the study's conclusion.
RESULT
Tooth brushing frequency demonstrated a significant increase in the MI group compared to the CG group ( < 0.01), albeit with a relatively low occurrence of daily brushing among owners. Dental health assessment revealed a significantly lower plaque index in the MI group compared to the CG group ( < 0.05), and a lower calculus index in the TA group compared to the CG group ( < 0.01). No statistically significant differences were observed between the MI and TA groups in terms of dental health.
CONCLUSION
Regular veterinary communication appears to have a positive influence on dog owner adherence to veterinary recommendations concerning dental care in dogs. Communication with veterinarians (MI and traditional advice) improved owner knowledge, attitude, and decreased frequency of not brushing. Although dental health parameters improved, the effect size was small, suggesting the complexity of adherence. Personalized calls to dog owners offer potential for dental health improvement, warranting further comparison of MI with traditional advice.
PubMed: 38596465
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1296618 -
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related... Jun 2024To assess marginal bone level changes, implant and restoration survival, condition of the peri-implant mucosa, and the patient's satisfaction with the single restoration...
PURPOSE
To assess marginal bone level changes, implant and restoration survival, condition of the peri-implant mucosa, and the patient's satisfaction with the single restoration supported by a 6-mm long implant in the posterior mandible after 10 years in function.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one consecutive patients missing premolars or molars in the posterior mandible, with a bone volume consisting of a width of at least 6 mm and an estimated height of 8 mm between the top of the ridge and alveolar nerve, were included. Each patient received one or more 6-mm implants. After 3 months, the implants were restored with custom-made titanium abutments and cemented zirconia-based porcelain crowns. The clinical examination and radiograph data were assessed at restoration placement and after 12, 60, and 120 months. The patients answered a questionnaire to score their satisfaction before treatment and after 12, 60, and 120 months with the restoration in function.
RESULTS
A total of 31 implants were placed. Implant survival was 100%. The 10-year mean marginal bone loss was 0.18 mm (SE: 0.08). The plaque, calculus, gingiva, and bleeding indices scores were low as was the mean pocket probing depth. The patients' satisfaction was high.
CONCLUSION
The 10-year follow-up data of this limited case series study reveal that 6-mm dental implants inserted in the resorbed posterior mandible provide a solid basis for single tooth restorations.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Prospective Studies; Crowns; Middle Aged; Mandible; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Patient Satisfaction; Alveolar Bone Loss; Adult; Aged; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; Dental Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 38534097
DOI: 10.1111/cid.13326