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Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry Jul 2024Alveolar ridge resorption following tooth extraction poses significant challenges for future dental restorations. This study investigated the efficacy of fish...
Alveolar ridge resorption following tooth extraction poses significant challenges for future dental restorations. This study investigated the efficacy of fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite (FSHA) as a socket preservation graft material to maintain alveolar bone volume and architecture. FSHA was extracted from *Labeo rohita* fish scales and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. In vitro, biocompatibility and osteogenic potential were assessed using Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells. Cell viability, migration, and proliferation were evaluated using MTT and scratch assays. In vivo performance was assessed in a rat model, and FSHA was compared to a commercial xenograft (Osseograft) and ungrafted controls. Histological analysis was performed at 8-week post-implantation to quantify new bone formation. FTIR confirmed the purity and homogeneity of FSHA. In vitro, FSHA enhanced Saos-2 viability, migration, and proliferation compared to controls. In vivo, FSHA demonstrated superior bone regeneration compared to Osseograft and ungrafted sites, with balanced graft resorption and new bone formation. Histological analysis revealed an active incorporation of FSHA into new bone, with minimal gaps and ongoing remodeling. Approximately 50%-60% of FSHA was resorbed by 8 weeks, closely matching the rate of new bone deposition. FSHA stimulated more bone formation in the apical socket region than in coronal areas. In conclusion, FSHA is a promising biomaterial for alveolar ridge preservation, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and balanced resorption. Its ability to promote robust bone regeneration highlights its potential as an effective alternative to currently used graft materials in socket preservation procedures.
PubMed: 38951991
DOI: 10.1002/bab.2627 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Gutta-percha (GP) combined with an endodontic sealer is still the core material most widely used for tridimensional obturation. The sealer acts as a bonding agent...
BACKGROUND
Gutta-percha (GP) combined with an endodontic sealer is still the core material most widely used for tridimensional obturation. The sealer acts as a bonding agent between the GP and the root dentinal walls. However, one of the main drawbacks of GP core material is the lack of adhesiveness to the sealer. ZnO thin films have many remarkable features due to their considerable bond strength, good optical quality, and excellent piezoelectric, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, offering many potential applications in various fields. This study aimed to explore the influence of GP surface's functionalization with a nanostructured ZnO thin film on its adhesiveness to endodontic sealers.
METHODS
Conventional GP samples were divided randomly into three groups: (a) Untreated GP (control); (b) GP treated with argon plasma (PT); (c) Functionalized GP (PT followed by ZnO thin film deposition). GP's surface functionalization encompassed a multi-step process. First, a low-pressure argon PT was applied to modify the GP surface, followed by a ZnO thin film deposition via magnetron sputtering. The surface morphology was assessed using SEM and water contact angle analysis. Further comprehensive testing included tensile bond strength assessment evaluating Endoresin and AH Plus Bioceramic sealers' adhesion to GP. ANOVA procedures were used for data statistical analysis.
RESULTS
The ZnO thin film reproduced the underlying surface topography produced by PT. ZnO thin film deposition decreased the water contact angle compared to the control (p < 0.001). Endoresin showed a statistically higher mean bond strength value than AH Plus Bioceramic (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the control and the ZnO-functionalized GP (p = 0.006), with the latter presenting the highest mean bond strength value.
CONCLUSIONS
The deposition of a nanostructured ZnO thin film on GP surface induced a shift towards hydrophilicity and an increased GP's adhesion to Endoresin and AH Bioceramic sealers.
Topics: Zinc Oxide; Root Canal Filling Materials; Nanostructures; Gutta-Percha; Dental Bonding; Surface Properties; Humans; Materials Testing; Adhesiveness; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Tensile Strength
PubMed: 38951790
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04496-z -
BMC Anesthesiology Jun 2024Awake extubation and deep extubation are commonly used anesthesia techniques. In this study, the safety of propofol-assisted deep extubation in the dental treatment of... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
PURPOSE
Awake extubation and deep extubation are commonly used anesthesia techniques. In this study, the safety of propofol-assisted deep extubation in the dental treatment of children was assessed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Children with severe caries who received dental treatment under general anesthesia and deep extubation between January 2017 and June 2023 were included in this study. Data were collected on the following variables: details and time of anesthesia, perioperative vital signs, and incidence of postoperative complications. The incidence of laryngeal spasm (LS) was considered to be the primary observation indicator.
RESULTS
The perioperative data obtained from 195 children undergoing dental treatment was reviewed. The median age was 4.2 years (range: 2.3 to 9.6 years), and the average duration of anesthesia was 2.56 h (range 1 to 4.5 h). During intubation with a videoscope, purulent mucus was found in the pharyngeal cavity of seven children (3.6%); LS occurred in five of them (2.6%), and one child developed a fever (T = 37.8 °C) after discharge. Five children (2.6%) experienced emergence agitation (EA) in the recovery room. Also, 13 children (6.7%) experienced epistaxis; 10 had a mild experience and three had a moderate experience. No cases of airway obstruction (AO) and hypoxemia were recorded. The time to open eyes (TOE) was 16.3 ± 7.2 min. The incidence rate of complications was 23/195 (11.8%). Emergency tracheal reintubation was not required. Patients with mild upper respiratory tract infections showed a significantly higher incidence of complications (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Propofol-assisted deep extubation is a suitable technique that can be used for pediatric patients who exhibited non-cooperation in the outpatient setting. Epistaxis represents the most frequently encountered complication. Preoperative upper respiratory tract infection significantly increases the risk of complications. The occurrence of EA was notably lower than reported in other studies.
Topics: Humans; Airway Extubation; Child, Preschool; Retrospective Studies; Propofol; Child; Male; Female; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthesia, General; Postoperative Complications; Laryngismus; Intubation, Intratracheal; Anesthesia, Dental
PubMed: 38951786
DOI: 10.1186/s12871-024-02599-2 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Jul 2024To identify an optimized strategy for the large-scale production of nanovesicles (NVs) that preserve the biological properties of exosomes (EXOs) for use in periodontal...
AIM
To identify an optimized strategy for the large-scale production of nanovesicles (NVs) that preserve the biological properties of exosomes (EXOs) for use in periodontal regeneration.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
NVs from dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) were prepared through extrusion, and EXOs from DFSCs were isolated. The yield of both extruded NVs (eNVs) and EXOs were quantified through protein concentration and particle number analyses. Their pro-migration, pro-proliferation and pro-osteogenesis capacities were compared subsequently in vitro. Additionally, proteomics analysis was conducted. To further evaluate the periodontal regeneration potential of eNVs and EXOs, they were incorporated into collagen sponges and transplanted into periodontal defects in rats. In vivo imaging and H&E staining were utilized to verify their biodistribution and safety. Micro-Computed Tomography analysis and histological staining were performed to examine the regeneration of periodontal tissues.
RESULTS
The yield of eNVs was nearly 40 times higher than that of EXOs. Interestingly, in vitro experiments indicated that the pro-migration and pro-proliferation abilities of eNVs were superior, and the pro-osteogenesis potential was comparable to EXOs. More importantly, eNVs exhibited periodontal regenerative potential similar to that of EXOs.
CONCLUSIONS
Extrusion has proven to be an efficient method for generating numerous eNVs with the potential to replace EXOs in periodontal regeneration.
PubMed: 38951121
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.14036 -
Journal of Dentistry Jun 2024Digital protocols and bioactive materials may reduce complications and improve tooth autotransplantation (ATT) success and survival rates. This prospective study...
OBJECTIVES
Digital protocols and bioactive materials may reduce complications and improve tooth autotransplantation (ATT) success and survival rates. This prospective study assesses the performance of a fully digital autotransplantation protocol of close-apex molars with the adjunctive application of Enamel Matrix Derivatives (EMD).
METHODS
Twelve adult patients with 13 hopeless molar teeth were replaced with autotransplantation of closed apex third molars. Outcomes, including success and survival rates, clinical, endodontic, radiographic, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and digital image assessments, were conducted over a two-year follow-up period.
RESULTS
Survival and success rates were 100% and 91.2%, respectively, with no progressive inflammatory or replacement root resorption (ankylosis) except for one tooth presenting radiographic furcation involvement. A significant probing depth reduction of 2.4 ± 2.58 mm and CAL gains of 2.8 ± 3.03 mm were observed in transplanted teeth compared to the hopeless receptor teeth. Radiographic bone levels remained stable throughout the study period (-0.37 ± 0.66 mm), and digital image assessments showed minimal alveolar ridge width changes (-0.32 to -0.7 mm) and gingival margin changes (-0.95 to -1.27 mm) from baseline to last visit. PROMs indicated very high patient satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
The use of a digital ATT protocol with adjunctive use of EMD in closed-apex third molars demonstrated promising short-term high success and survival rates. Additionally, this type of therapy adequately preserves the dimensions of the alveolar ridge in the receptor site.
PubMed: 38950765
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105131 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2024Despite the superiority of glass-ionomer cements (GICs) over composites in treating white spot lesions (WSLs), there is still a concern about their preventive and...
BACKGROUND
Despite the superiority of glass-ionomer cements (GICs) over composites in treating white spot lesions (WSLs), there is still a concern about their preventive and antibacterial properties. Efforts have been made to improve the strength of their bond to demineralized enamel, fluoride release and antibacterial properties by adding nanoparticles of chitosan, which seems to be a promising method.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the present study was to assess the antibacterial effect, the microshear bond strength (μSBS) to enamel at the WSL area, and the fluoride and nano-chitosan release after modifying the polyacrylic acid liquid phase of a traditional GIC with different nano-chitosan volumes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 120 samples were prepared, and then divided into 4 groups (n = 30): G1 - non-modified GIC, which served as a control group, while G2, G3 and G4 were modified with different nano-chitosan volumes (50%, 100% and 150%, respectively). Microshear bond strength was assessed using a universal testing machine (UTM) after storage in distilled water for 24 h. Fluoride and nanochitosan release was measured with the use of spectrophotometers at different time points (initially, and at 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks) after storage in distilled water. The antibacterial effect against the Streptococcus aureus strain was assessed with the agar diffusion test. The data was statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
After 24-hour storage, G2 recorded a slight, yet non-significant, increase in the μSBS values (4.1 ±0.94 MPa) as compared to G1 (3.9 ±1.30 MPa). With regard to fluoride release, the amount recorded for G1 was significantly greater at the end of the 24-hour storage period (0.70 ±0.30 μmf/cm2) than modified nano-chitosan GIC groups; G1 was followed by G4 (0.54 ±0.34 μmf/cm2). The highest amount of nano-chitosan release after 24-hour storage was noted for G3 (0.85 ±0.00 μmf/cm2). The highest inhibition zone value was recorded for G2.
CONCLUSIONS
Glass-ionomer cement modified with 50% nano-chitosan was shown to positively affect μSBS and the antibacterial effect, while modification with 150% nano-chitosan significantly increased fluoride release.
Topics: Chitosan; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Glass Ionomer Cements; Dental Caries; In Vitro Techniques; Fluorides; Humans; Nanoparticles; Shear Strength; Dental Enamel; Materials Testing; Dental Bonding
PubMed: 38949834
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/158835 -
Clinical Oral Implants Research Jul 2024To investigate the early impact of plaque accumulation in a buccal dehiscence defect on peri-implant marginal bone resorption.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the early impact of plaque accumulation in a buccal dehiscence defect on peri-implant marginal bone resorption.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In six male Mongrel dogs, four dental implants were placed in the posterior maxilla on both sides (two implants per side). Based on the group allocation, each implant was randomly assigned to one of the following four groups to decide whether buccal dehiscence defect was prepared and whether silk ligation was applied at 8 weeks post-implant placement for peri-implantitis induction: UC (no defect without ligation); UD (defect without ligation); LC (no defect with ligation); and LD (defect with ligation) groups. Eight weeks after disease induction, the outcomes from radiographic and histologic analyses were statistically analyzed (p < .05).
RESULTS
Based on radiographs, the exposed area of implant threads was smallest in group UC (p < .0083). Based on histology, both the distances from the implant platform to the first bone-to-implant contact point and to the bone crest were significantly longer in the LD group (p < .0083). In the UD group, some spontaneous bone fill occurred from the base of the defect at 8 weeks after implant placement. The apical extension of inflammatory cell infiltrate was significantly more prominent in the LD and LC groups compared to the UC group (p < .0083).
CONCLUSION
Plaque accumulated on the exposed implant surface had a negative impact on maintaining the peri-implant marginal bone level, especially when there was a dehiscence defect around the implant.
PubMed: 38949573
DOI: 10.1111/clr.14324 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jul 2024Periodontitis, an inflammatory bone resorption disease associated with dental plaque, poses significant challenges for effective treatment. In this study, we developed...
Periodontitis, an inflammatory bone resorption disease associated with dental plaque, poses significant challenges for effective treatment. In this study, we developed Mino@ZIF-8 nanoparticles inspired by the periodontal microenvironment and the unique properties of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8, aiming to address the complex pathogenesis of periodontitis. Transcriptome analysis revealed the active engagement of Mino@ZIF-8 nanoparticles in innate and adaptive inflammatory host defense and cellular metabolic remodeling. Through sustained release of the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent minocycline hydrochloride (Mino) and the generation of Zn with pro-antioxidant effects during degradation, Mino@ZIF-8 nanoparticles synergistically alleviate inflammation and oxidative damage. Notably, our study focuses on the pivotal role of zinc ions in mitochondrial oxidation protection. Under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, periodontal ligament cells undergo a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis, leading to reduced ATP production and increased reactive oxygen species levels. However, Zn effectively rebalances the glycolysis-OXPHOS imbalance, restoring cellular bioenergetics, mitigating oxidative damage, rescuing impaired mitochondria, and suppressing inflammatory cytokine production through modulation of the AKT/GSK3β/NRF2 pathway. This research not only presents a promising approach for periodontitis treatment but also offers novel therapeutic opportunities for zinc-containing materials, providing valuable insights into the design of biomaterials targeting cellular energy metabolism regulation.
PubMed: 38949426
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05722 -
International Endodontic Journal Jul 2024Bibliometric analysis is a critical indicator of the influence and relevance of scientific papers, whilst also highlighting key contributors and gaps in knowledge in a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Bibliometric analysis is a critical indicator of the influence and relevance of scientific papers, whilst also highlighting key contributors and gaps in knowledge in a scientific field.
OBJECTIVES
To update and analyse the 100 most-cited papers in regenerative endodontics from 2019 to 2023.
METHODS
A search of the most-cited recent papers focusing on regenerative endodontics using journals included in the category, 'Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine', in the Clarivate Web of Science database from 2019 to 2023 was performed. Three researchers conducted the study selection and data extraction. Data extraction included publication title and year, authors, number and mean number of citations, institution, country and continent, study design, journal title, keywords and research topic. Citation counts were also collected in Google Scholar and Scopus databases. Graphical bibliometric networks were created using VOSviewer software.
RESULTS
The number of citations of the 100 most-cited articles ranged from 6 to 85. Most were published in 2020 (n = 48), principally in the Journal of Endodontics (47%), followed by International Endodontic Journal (13%), Journal of Dental Research (6%) and Dental Materials (6%). Laboratory study was the most common study design amongst the included papers (n = 47), followed by narrative reviews (n = 17) and observational studies (n = 16). The most frequent first author on the top three most-cited papers was Hacer Aksel, whilst Adham A. Azim (n = 6; 89 citations) contributed most to the top 100 articles. The institution from which most articles originated was the University of Hong Kong (China) (n = 5; 81 citations), whereas the corresponding authors were predominantly from the United States of America (USA) (n = 31; 560 citations). The VOSviewer map of co-authorship demonstrated research collaborative clusters. 'Regenerative endodontics' and 'stem-cells' were the most employed keywords (37 and 36 occurrences respectively).
DISCUSSION
The current study was designed not only to showcase the most influential papers in regenerative endodontics since 2019 but also to provide a better understanding of global research in this area over the last five years.
CONCLUSIONS
This bibliometric analysis highlighted papers, authors, institutions and keywords in regenerative endodontics. The 100 most-cited papers primarily consisted of laboratory studies published in the USA, focusing on evaluating biomaterials and scaffold design strategies in contact with stem cells. Clinical studies and systematic reviews representing higher levels of scientific evidence are currently not the most influential in the regenerative endodontic field.
PubMed: 38949098
DOI: 10.1111/iej.14117 -
Biochemistry Research International 2024The plant has been utilized in folk medicine. Analyzing phytochemical composition of dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) root part of gave oleic acid (), caffeic...
The plant has been utilized in folk medicine. Analyzing phytochemical composition of dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) root part of gave oleic acid (), caffeic acid-2-hydroxynonylester (), catechin (), and a pregnane derivative (). NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize compounds , while compound was identified through GC-MS analysis and literature comparison. The cytotoxicity of extracts from roots of was conducted against MCF-7 cell lines (human breast cancer) by MTT assay. According to the cytotoxicity study, -hexane extract exhibited a high level of toxicity with 28.9 ± 5.6% cell viability. Antibacterial activity was tested against , , , and The highest bacterial growth mean inhibition zone was measured for catechin (3) (13.72 ± 0.05 mm)) against at 0.25 mg/mL and acceptable related to standard. Antioxidant activity was studied by the DPPH assay. Based on the data from the antioxidant study, DCM/MeOH extract (70.32%) and catechin () showed good antioxidant activity (65.61%) (IC 0.25 g/mL) relative to that of the positive control (78.21%, IC 0.014 g/mL) at 12.5 g/mL. In each docking pose, catechin () scored higher binding affinity of -7.9, -7.2, and -6.4 kcal/mol towards PqsA, DNA gyraseB, and PK, respectively, compared to amoxicillin (-8.1, -6.1, and -6.4 kcal/mol). All five Lipinski rules were obeyed by compounds , which showed an acceptable drug resemblance. The lipophilicity was computed as less than five (1.47-4.01) indicating a lipophilic property. Catechin () obeys Veber's rule implying its good oral bioavailability. Binding affinity scores of catechin ()-protein interactions are in line with those from tests, indicating its potential antibacterial effect. The obtained cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity results support the utilization of in folk medicine.
PubMed: 38948887
DOI: 10.1155/2024/3713620