-
Journal of the Indian Society of... Apr 2024The evaluation of tonsil size, Friedman Tongue Position (FTP), and Friedman staging in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) holds significant clinical importance,... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Interexaminer agreement among pediatric dental specialists in assessment of tonsil size, Friedman tongue position, and Friedman staging of obstructive sleep apnea in children: An observational study.
BACKGROUND
The evaluation of tonsil size, Friedman Tongue Position (FTP), and Friedman staging in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) holds significant clinical importance, offering manifold advantages in diagnosis and surgical management.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the reliability of pediatric OSA evaluation by determining inter-examiner agreement among pediatric dental specialists.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Conducted at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, PMS College of Dental Science and Research Hospital (2023-2024), this observational study utilized conventional consulting rooms, headlights, and examination chairs. Thirteen medical practitioners reviewed video recordings of the oropharyngeal regions of twelve pediatric patients exhibiting mouth breathing. Friedman staging was determined based on tonsil size and tongue position gradings.Inter-examiner agreement was evaluated using Fleiss kappa analysis.
RESULTS
Observers, including residents and practitioners in pediatric dentistry, demonstrated poor agreement regarding FTP and tonsil grading.
CONCLUSION
Understanding the nuances of tonsil size and FTP in pediatric OSA evaluation, along with identifying avenues for refinement, can enhance medical decision-making among healthcare providers, including pediatric dentists.
Topics: Humans; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Palatine Tonsil; Child; Pediatric Dentistry; Male; Observer Variation; Tongue; Female; Reproducibility of Results; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38957905
DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_85_24 -
Journal of the Indian Society of... Apr 2024Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of lysosomal storage disorders that cause the deposition of polysaccharides in cells. This causes systemic and oral...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of lysosomal storage disorders that cause the deposition of polysaccharides in cells. This causes systemic and oral manifestations, which can be observed clinically and radiographically. The present study aimed to assess dental caries, the effect of salivary pH, and the change of microflora on teeth in patients diagnosed with MPS.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study included children affected with mucopolysaccharidosis (n = 50) and healthy children (n = 50) in the control group between 3 and 15 years of age. The pH of saliva and decayed, missing, and filled teeth/decayed extracted and filled teeth index were noted and recorded. For the microbial analysis, saliva was inoculated into blood agar, MacConkey agar, Candida CHROMagar, and Mitis Salivarius agar, then inspected for colony-forming units, which were counted and recorded based on the colony characteristics and gram staining.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Intergroup comparison of the test parameters was done using the Mann-Whitney test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The results showed significantly higher total microbial load (P = 0.00008), streptococcus viridans species (P = 0.00001), and Candida species (P = 0.0038) in the study group. The caries incidence was also higher in the study group for both primary (P = 0.0096) and permanent dentition (P = 0.0251), and salivary pH was more acidic (P = 0.00001) in the patients diagnosed with MPS.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION
Patients diagnosed with MPS have a higher microbial load, more acidic saliva, and subsequently, a higher caries incidence than normal healthy children. Hence, regular dental evaluation, prevention, and treatment must be integrated into their health-care regimen.
Topics: Humans; Saliva; Child; Dental Caries; Adolescent; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Child, Preschool; Female; Male; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; DMF Index; Candida; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 38957904
DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_28_24 -
Journal of Craniovertebral Junction &... 2024Radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFA) coupled with vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty offers a minimally invasive, safe, and efficacious approach to palliate polymetastatic...
BACKGROUND
Radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFA) coupled with vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty offers a minimally invasive, safe, and efficacious approach to palliate polymetastatic spine disease, particularly in medically fragile individuals. However, the application of robotic assistance to RFA for spinal metastases remains unexplored. This study elucidates the technical viability of robot-assisted RFA combined with vertebroplasty in patients afflicted by multiple spinal metastases and presents preliminary outcomes. An illustrative case was also presented.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten patients aged over 65 years with multiple vertebral metastases were enrolled in this study. Preoperatively, patients exhibited a median Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score of 6 and a Median Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score of 58%. From February 2021 to April 2022, all patients underwent RFA, followed by vertebroplasty for spinal metastases. Surgical procedures were executed using the ExcelsiusGPS robotic platform.
RESULTS
Patients experienced substantial pain relief, with a median VAS score of 2.5 at 24 h postoperatively (Δ --3.5; < 0.001) and a median VAS score of 2 at 1 month postoperatively (Δ -4; < 0.001). All patients were discharged on the first postoperative day and continued their oncological treatments. In addition, the median ODI score at 1 month postoperatively was 34% (Δ --24%; P = 0.006), indicating an enhanced quality of life and a satisfactory impact on daily activities. No procedural or postoperative complications were documented.
CONCLUSIONS
This case series represents the inaugural successful application of robot-assisted RFA in conjunction with concurrent vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty. Our preliminary experience demonstrates that patients with oligo- and polymetastatic conditions can derive benefits from this minimally invasive intervention, characterized by rapid postoperative recovery and effective short- to medium-term pain management, without encountering complications.
PubMed: 38957773
DOI: 10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_175_23 -
International Journal of Biomaterials 2024This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behaviors of thermoformed and 3D-printed retainers with different thicknesses. Thermoformed retainers (Duran) and 3D-printed...
This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behaviors of thermoformed and 3D-printed retainers with different thicknesses. Thermoformed retainers (Duran) and 3D-printed retainers (Dental LT Clear V2 and NextDent Ortho Flex) were fabricated at thicknesses of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mm. Five samples of each material were subjected to compression, tensile, and flexural testing with the universal testing machine (Instron Ltd., Buckinghamshire, England). The results revealed that the mechanical behaviors were significantly influenced by thickness in each type of material. The increased thickness tended to increase strength and modulus in all three tests. However, Dental LT Clear V2 and Duran showed that flexural strength and modulus were inversely related to thickness. The compressive test revealed significantly greater compressive resistance in 3D-printed groups, except for the NextDent Ortho Flex at 0.5 mm. The tensile test showed that Dental LT Clear V2 at all thicknesses demonstrated significantly higher tensile strength and modulus, while NextDent Ortho Flex was significantly lowest at any thickness in tensile and flexural properties. In conclusion, the thickness significantly influenced the mechanical behaviors of the 3D-printed retainers. The 0.75 mm thickness of Dental LT Clear V2 could be considered as an alternative to fabricated retainers due to its similar mechanical properties compared with the thermoformed material.
PubMed: 38957572
DOI: 10.1155/2024/7398478 -
International Journal of Dentistry 2024To evaluate the solubility and the volumetric and morphological alterations of bioceramic filling material (Bio-CP) for primary teeth.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the solubility and the volumetric and morphological alterations of bioceramic filling material (Bio-CP) for primary teeth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Bio-CP, Calen thickened with zinc oxide (Calen-ZO), and with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) were placed in 1- or 2-mm-diameter polyethylene tubes and immersed in water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 30 days. The solubility (mass loss) was assessed using methodology modified from ISO 6876. Filling capacity, volumetric changes, and presence of voids were assessed by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The surface distribution of the chemical elements and the crystalline phases was evaluated by energy scattering X-ray scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to detect hydroxyapatite precipitate and components. The Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn's or two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used ( = 0.05).
RESULTS
The solubility was ZOE > Calen-ZO = Bio-CP. Calen-ZO and Bio-CP were more soluble in water than in PBS. All the materials showed greater solubility in 2-mm tube diameter in both PBS and distilled water, except for Bio-CP in distilled water, which showed no difference between both tube diameters (1 and 2 mm). Only Calen-ZO and ZOE were analyzed by micro-CT, because Bio-CP separated into two phases during scanning. Calen-ZO had greater volumetric loss and presence of voids than ZOE in water, but there was no difference in PBS. The hydroxyapatite precipitate on the surface of Bio-CP and Calen-ZO was detected after immersion in PBS.
CONCLUSION
Although Bio-CP had acceptable solubility and filling capacity, its composition did not allow a proper volumetric and void assessment. From a clinical perspective, Bio-CP has the potential to become a suitable material for root canal filling in primary teeth. Nonetheless, its composition must first be revised to achieve better chemical stability prior to its recommendation.
PubMed: 38957372
DOI: 10.1155/2024/5945033 -
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Jun 2024This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of plasma treatment of sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium implants on surface cleansing and osseointegration in...
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of plasma treatment of sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium implants on surface cleansing and osseointegration in a beagle model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
For morphological analysis and XPS analysis, scanning electron microscope and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface topography and chemical compositions of implant before and after plasma treatment. For this animal experiment, twelve SLA titanium implants were divided into two groups: a control group (untreated implants) and a plasma group (implants treated with plasma). Each group was randomly located in the mandibular bone of the beagle dog (n = 6). After 8 weeks, the beagle dogs were sacrificed, and volumetric analysis and histometric analysis were performed within the region of interest.
RESULTS
In morphological analysis, plasma treatment did not alter the implant surface topography or cause any physical damage. In XPS analysis, the atomic percentage of carbon at the inspection point before the plasma treatment was 34.09%. After the plasma treatment, it was reduced to 18.74%, indicating a 45% reduction in carbon. In volumetric analysis and histometric analysis, the plasma group exhibited relatively higher mean values for new bone volume (NBV), bone to implant contact (BIC), and inter-thread bone density (ITBD) compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups ( > .05).
CONCLUSION
Within the limits of this study, plasma treatment effectively eliminated hydrocarbons without changing the implant surface.
PubMed: 38957293
DOI: 10.4047/jap.2024.16.3.189 -
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Jun 2024This study aimed to analyze factors influencing the success and failure of implant prostheses and to estimate the lifespan of prostheses using standardized evaluation...
PURPOSE
This study aimed to analyze factors influencing the success and failure of implant prostheses and to estimate the lifespan of prostheses using standardized evaluation criteria. An online survey platform was utilized to efficiently gather large samples from multiple institutions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
During the one-year period, patients visiting 16 institutions were assessed using standardized evaluation criteria (KAP criteria). Data from these institutions were collected through an online platform, and various statistical analyses were conducted. Risk factors were assessed using both the Cox proportional hazard model and Cox regression analysis. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier analysis and nomogram, and lifespan prediction was performed using principal component analysis.
RESULTS
The number of patients involved in this study was 485, with a total of 841 prostheses evaluated. The median survival was estimated to be 16 years with a 95% confidence interval. Factors found to be significantly associated with implant prosthesis failure, characterized by higher hazard ratios, included the 'type of clinic', 'type of antagonist', and 'plaque index'. The lifespan of implant prostheses that did not fail was estimated to exceed the projected lifespan by approximately 1.34 years.
CONCLUSION
To ensure the success of implant prostheses, maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial. The estimated lifespan of implant prostheses is often underestimated by approximately 1.34 years. Furthermore, standardized form, online platform, and visualization tool, such as nomogram, can be effectively utilized in future follow-up studies.
PubMed: 38957292
DOI: 10.4047/jap.2024.16.3.151 -
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Jun 2024This study assessed the effect of storage time on chemical structure of a single-bottle and a two-bottle experimental ceramic primer and micro-shear bond strength...
PURPOSE
This study assessed the effect of storage time on chemical structure of a single-bottle and a two-bottle experimental ceramic primer and micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of composite to ceramic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted on 60 sintered zirconia and 60 feldspathic porcelain blocks. Half of the specimens (n = 30) were subjected to surface treatment with the single-bottle Clearfil ceramic primer (n = 15) and two-bottle experimental primer (n = 15) after 24 hours. The remaining half received the same surface treatments after 6 months storage in distilled water. Composite cylinders were bonded to the ceramics, and they were then subjected to µSBS test. Also, the primers underwent Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after 24 hours and 6 months to assess their chemical structure. Data were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and adjusted Bonferroni test (alpha = 0.05).
RESULTS
The µSBS of both ceramics significantly decreased at 6 months in one-bottle ceramic primer group ( = .001), but it was not significantly different from the two-bottle experimental primer group ( = .635). FTIR showed hydrolysis of single-bottle primer, cleavage of silane and 10-MDP bonds, and formation of siloxane bonds after 6 months.
CONCLUSION
Six months of storage caused significant degradation of single-bottle ceramic primer, and consequently had an adverse effect on µSBS.
PubMed: 38957288
DOI: 10.4047/jap.2024.16.3.163 -
Cureus Jun 2024This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the chronic care model (CCM) in helping primary healthcare workers quit smoking. The intervention involves implementing...
BACKGROUND
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the chronic care model (CCM) in helping primary healthcare workers quit smoking. The intervention involves implementing the CCM, which includes six key elements: the healthcare system, clinical care planning, clinical management information, self-management guidance, community resources, and decision-making.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study is based on a population of 60 primary healthcare workers who smoke. The main outcome measure is smoking cessation, determined by cotinine levels in urine at the baseline, and at 6 and 12 months after the intervention. Other potential results include alterations in smoking-related behaviors and attitudes. Data analysis involves using descriptive statistics and inferential tests to determine the intervention's effectiveness in smoking cessation among primary healthcare workers.
RESULTS
The CCM is expected to have contributed to a substantial decrease in the smoking rate among primary healthcare workers. It is also seen that there is a great reduction in urine cotinine levels during the 12-month intervention period. Moreover, a positive shift in the smoking-related behaviors and attitudes of the participants is expected.
CONCLUSION
This study provides key data about the effectiveness of the CCM in helping primary healthcare workers stop smoking. This statement emphasizes the importance of considering socioeconomic factors in the design and implementation of smoking cessation interventions. This ensures that people of different incomes and social statuses have equal access to quitting smoking and achieve similar results.
PubMed: 38957252
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61512 -
Avicenna Journal of Medicine Apr 2024Renal cancer metastasis to oral region is very rare. Studies have been published analyzing the cases of metastatic tumors to the oral cavity by many researchers.... (Review)
Review
Renal cancer metastasis to oral region is very rare. Studies have been published analyzing the cases of metastatic tumors to the oral cavity by many researchers. Very few research studies have been conducted till date to analyze the renal cancer metastasis as the sole primary source to the oral soft tissues. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of oral soft tissue metastasis from renal cell carcinoma as the only primary source from 1911 to 2022. An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like ("Renal cancer," "Renal carcinoma" "Renal cell cancer" "Renal cell carcinoma"), ("Metastasis" "Metastases"), ("Oral soft tissues" "Tongue" "Palate" "Tonsil" "Buccal mucosa" "Salivary glands"). We also searched related journals manually and the reference lists. Our research revealed a total of 226 relevant articles with 250 patients. Parotid glands and tongue were the most common sites of metastasis. 23% patients died with a survival time of 10 days to 4 years. Oral soft tissue metastasis from renal cell carcinoma has a bad prognosis. More cases need to be published in order to raise awareness of these lesions.
PubMed: 38957158
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782202