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British Dental Journal Jun 2024
Topics: Humans
PubMed: 38942850
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7589-z -
British Dental Journal Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 38942844
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7583-5 -
British Dental Journal Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; United Kingdom
PubMed: 38942842
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7581-7 -
British Dental Journal Jun 2024
Topics: United Kingdom; Humans; State Medicine; Dentists; Education, Dental
PubMed: 38942841
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7580-8 -
International Dental Journal Jun 2024To assess oral health-related knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending public diabetic clinics in Dar es Salaam,...
AIM
To assess oral health-related knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending public diabetic clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
METHODOLOGY
This study involved adult patients diagnosed with DM. A questionnaire with questions related to oral health KAP was used. Data analysis was done using SPSS software v26. Multivariate regression analysis was utilized for response analysis. An alpha of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
RESULTS
Participants with good levels of KAP related to oral health comprised 51.0%, 82.3%, and 20.6%, respectively. The odds of good oral health knowledge among participants were almost 2 folds higher in participants with high education levels and 7 folds higher in those who had been referred to a dentist by a physician. Participants with good oral health knowledge had 5.5 times higher odds of having a good attitude. The participants with high education levels were almost 3 times more likely to have good practice.
CONCLUSION
About half of the patients with DM have good oral health-related knowledge. A majority have good compliance towards oral health, but only a limited number have good oral health-related practices. The level of education and previous referrals to dental professionals were found to be predictors of good knowledge regarding dental health.
PubMed: 38942616
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.006 -
Acta Biomaterialia Jun 2024A wide variety of microorganisms have been closely linked to metal corrosion in the form of adherent surface biofilms. Biofilms allow the development and maintenance of... (Review)
Review
A wide variety of microorganisms have been closely linked to metal corrosion in the form of adherent surface biofilms. Biofilms allow the development and maintenance of locally corrosive environments and/or permit direct corrosion including pitting corrosion. The presence of numerous genetically distinct microorganisms in the oral environment poses a threat to the integrity and durability of the surface of metallic prostheses and implants used in routine dentistry. However, the association between oral microorganisms and specific corrosion mechanisms is not clear. It is of practical importance to understand how microbial corrosion occurs and the associated risks to metallic materials in the oral environment. This knowledge is also important for researchers and clinicians who are increasingly concerned about the biological activity of the released corrosion products. Accordingly, the main goal was to comprehensively review the current literature regarding oral microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) including characteristics of biofilms and of the oral environment, MIC mechanisms, corrosion behavior in the presence of oral microorganisms and potentially mitigating technologies. Findings included that oral MIC has been ascribed mostly to aggressive metabolites secreted during microbial metabolism (metabolite-mediated MIC). However, from a thermodynamic point of view, extracellular electron transfer mechanisms (EET-MIC) through pili or electron transfer compounds cannot be ruled out. Various MIC mitigating methods have been demonstrated to be effective in short term, but long term evaluations are necessary before clinical applications can be considered. Currently most in-vitro studies fail to simulate the complexity of intraoral physiological conditions which may either reduce or exacerbate corrosion risk, which must be addressed in future studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A thorough analysis on literature regarding oral MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) of biomedical metallic materials has been carried out, including characteristics of oral environment, MIC mechanisms, corrosion behaviors in the presence of typical oral microorganisms and potential mitigating methods (materials design and surface design). There is currently a lack of mechanistic understanding of oral MIC which is very important not only to corrosion researchers but also to dentists and clinicians. This paper discusses the significance of biofilms from a biocorrosion perspective and summarizes several aspects of MIC mechanisms which could be caused by oral microorganisms. Oral MIC has been closely associated with not only the materials research but also the dental/clinical research fields in this work.
PubMed: 38942189
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.06.032 -
Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine Apr 2024A number of challenges are being faced by children in orphanages, a major one being their oral health as a common unmet need. Studies have shown high prevalence of...
BACKGROUND
A number of challenges are being faced by children in orphanages, a major one being their oral health as a common unmet need. Studies have shown high prevalence of dental caries and oro-facial trauma. This has been attributed to overcrowding, lack of adequate staff, poor oral hygiene, improper dietary habits, inadequacies in the orphanage system, as well as inadequacies in the healthcare system.This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors affecting dental caries and trauma among children in orphanages in Ibadan.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
All the children within the age group (7 - 15 years) in all the 18 registered orphanages in the 5 Local Government Areas within Ibadan metropolis were recruited into the study. Intra-oral examination was done under natural light and caries detection was done using tactile and visual method. Sterile mouth mirrors and CPI probes were used for this purpose. Dental caries status and the predisposing factors in each child were assessed. Presence of dental trauma and the predisposing factors were also assessed. Data processing was carried out with the aid of SPSS version 21.
RESULTS
One hundred and forty-six children participated in the study, 51.4% of them were males while 48.6% were females. The age range and the mean age of the children were 7 - 15 years 9. 69 ± 3.78 respectively. The prevalence of dental caries among the children was 17.8% while that of dental trauma was 7.5%. The mean DMFT/dmft was found to be 0.42 ± 1.06. Gender and the presence of deep pits and fissures were the statistically significant predictors of dental caries.
CONCLUSION
Oral health is of utmost importance across all ages, much more pertinent among institutionalized children who are prone to dental caries and trauma as revealed by this study. An average child in an orphanage may be affected by both dental caries and trauma, but appears to be more prone to dental caries in this environment.
PubMed: 38939878
DOI: No ID Found -
JACC. Advances Mar 2024Patients with likely pathogenic/pathogenic desmoplakin () variants are poorly characterized. Some of them meet diagnostic criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular...
BACKGROUND
Patients with likely pathogenic/pathogenic desmoplakin () variants are poorly characterized. Some of them meet diagnostic criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), but it is unclear how risk stratification strategies for ARVC perform in this setting.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to characterize arrhythmic outcomes and to test the performance of the recently validated ARVC risk calculator in patients with likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants fulfilling definite 2010 ARVC Task Force Criteria (-TFC+).
METHODS
-TFC+ patients were enrolled from 20 institutions across 3 continents. Ventricular arrhythmias (VA), defined as a composite of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapies, and ventricular fibrillation/sudden cardiac death events in follow-up, were reported as the primary outcome. We tested the performance of the ARVC risk calculator for VA prediction, reporting c-statistics.
RESULTS
Among 252 -TFC+ patients (age 39.6 ± 16.9 years, 35.3% male), 94 (37.3%) experienced VA over 44.5 [IQR: 19.6-78.3] months. Patients with left ventricle involvement (n = 194) were at higher VA risk (log-rank = 0.0239). History of nonsustained VT (aHR 2.097; = 0.004) showed the strongest association with VA occurrence during the first 5-year follow-up. Neither age ( = 0.723) nor male sex ( = 0.200) was associated with VAs at follow-up. In 204 patients without VA at diagnosis, incident VA rate was high (32.8%; 7.37%/y). The ARVC risk calculator performed poorly overall (c-statistic 0.604 [0.594-0.614]) and very poorly in patients with left ventricular disease (c-statistic 0.558 [0.556-0.560]).
CONCLUSIONS
-TFC+ patients are at substantial risk for VAs. The ARVC risk calculator performs poorly in -TFC+ patients suggesting need for a gene-specific risk algorithm. Meanwhile, -TFC+ patients with nonsustained VT should be considered as high-risk.
PubMed: 38938828
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.100832 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Few reported studies evaluate the status of those who have a family dentist (FD) by regional differences and the socioeconomic factors associated with this status. This...
BACKGROUND
Few reported studies evaluate the status of those who have a family dentist (FD) by regional differences and the socioeconomic factors associated with this status. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of having an FD among Japanese individuals across three samples of municipality type: urban, intermediate, and rural areas, and determine the factors associated with having an FD.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study involving a web-based survey. In total, 2,429 participants (comprising men and women aged 20-69 years) were randomly selected from among the registrants of a web research company: 811 urban residents, 812 intermediate residents, and 806 rural residents. In each area, we categorized the participants into those who had an FD (FD group) and those who did not (non-FD group). A multivariate modified Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with the FD group as compared to the non-FD group.
RESULTS
The proportion of the FD group was lowest in rural areas (42.3%), followed by intermediate (48.6%) and urban areas (49.7%). The regression analysis revealed a statistically significant tendency between associated factors in the two groups; that is, the higher the household income, the more likely that the family belonged to the FD group (prevalence ratio (95%CI), JPY 4-6 million: 1.43 (1.00-2.03), JPY ≥ 8 million: 1.72 (1.21-2.44)).
CONCLUSIONS
Rural areas have the lowest proportion of people with an FD among the three areas, and income inequality is associated with having an FD. Thus, when planning policies to encourage individuals to have an FD to manage their oral health, it is necessary to consider regional differences.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Middle Aged; Female; Male; Adult; Japan; Aged; Income; Young Adult; Dentists; Rural Population; Urban Population; Prevalence; Socioeconomic Factors; East Asian People
PubMed: 38937717
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04528-8 -
Journal of the American Dental... Jun 2024People with special health care needs in long-term care settings have difficulty accessing a traditional dental office. The goal of the authors was to assess initial...
BACKGROUND
People with special health care needs in long-term care settings have difficulty accessing a traditional dental office. The goal of the authors was to assess initial treatment decision concordance between dentists conducting traditional in-person examinations using mobile equipment and additional dentists conducting examinations using asynchronous teledentistry technology.
METHODS
Six dentists from Access Dental Care, a North Carolina mobile dentistry nonprofit, saw new patients on-site at 12 participating facilities or asynchronously off-site with electronic dental records, radiographs, and intraoral images, all captured by an on-site dental hygienist. Off-site dentists were masked to other dentists' treatment need decisions; 3 through 5 off-site examinations were conducted for each on-site examination. Demographic and binary treatment need category data were collected. For the 3 most prevalent treatment types needed (surgery, restorative, and new removable denture), the authors calculated the percentage agreement and κ statistics with bootstrapped CIs (1,000 replicates).
RESULTS
The 100 enrolled patients included 47 from nursing homes, 45 from Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly, and 8 from group homes for those with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Mean (SD) age was 73.9 (16.5) years. Among dentate participants, the percentage agreement and bootstrapped κ (95% CI) were 87% and 0.74 (0.70 to 0.78) for surgery and 78% and 0.54 (0.50 to 0.58) for restorative needs, respectively, and among dentate and edentulous participants, they were 94% and 0.78 (0.74 to 0.83), respectively, for new removable dentures.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors assessed the initial dental treatment decision concordance between on-site dentists conducting in-person examinations with a mobile oral health care delivery model and off-site dentists conducting examinations with asynchronous dentistry. Concordance was substantial for surgery and removable denture treatment decisions and moderate for restorative needs. Patient characteristics and facility type were not significant factors in the levels of examiner agreement.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
This evidence supports teledentistry use for patients with special health care needs and could help improve their access to oral health care.
PubMed: 38934969
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2024.05.004