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The Journal of International Medical... May 2024Isolated coronoid process fractures are uncommon, and iatrogenic isolated fractures are extremely rare. This case describes a displaced fracture of an isolated coronoid...
Isolated coronoid process fractures are uncommon, and iatrogenic isolated fractures are extremely rare. This case describes a displaced fracture of an isolated coronoid process thought to be due to excessive force applied by a dentist that had been overlooked and left untreated for about a month. The patient was a woman in her late 50's and she had undergone a molar extraction. Her dentist had confused her symptoms of trismus, pain, and facial oedema with the complex tooth extraction procedure. Following a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan we showed that the mandibular coronoid process on her right side had suffered a longitudinal fracture, and the fractured fragment had rotated upwards and inwards. Following successful surgical elimination of the fragmented coronoid process, the patient received targeted physiotherapy sessions that yielded excellent results. At the five-month follow-up, the ability of the patient to open her mouth had improved enormously, and her facial appearance almost recovered to its original state.
Topics: Humans; Female; Tooth Extraction; Middle Aged; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Molar; Mandibular Fractures; Mandible
PubMed: 38819092
DOI: 10.1177/03000605241257446 -
PloS One 2024This review aimed to chart the landscape of literature concerning the precise applications of traditional medicine in managing specific oral diseases and, in doing so,...
BACKGROUND
This review aimed to chart the landscape of literature concerning the precise applications of traditional medicine in managing specific oral diseases and, in doing so, to pinpoint knowledge gaps surrounding the use of traditional medicine for oral disease management in the African context.
METHODS
A systematic search of the literature was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL. The search was conducted from the inception of the database till September 2023. A search of related citations and references was also carried out. Only English language publications were included. A summary of studies that met the inclusion criteria was conducted.
RESULTS
Of the 584 records identified, 11 were duplicates and 12 studies, published between 2006 and 2021, met the inclusion criteria. The studies were published from eight countries located in the five sub-regions on the continent. All the studies were either experimental designs or ethnobotanical surveys and they all utilized plant-based remedies. The five experimental studies aimed to assess the impact of whole plants or plant extracts on the three microorganisms responsible for dental caries and seven responsible for periodontal diseases. The number of plant species identified by the seven ethnobotanical surveys ranged from 29 to 62 while the number of plan families ranged from 15 to 29. The remedies were either topical applied, use as mouth rinses, gargled, or chewed. The systemic routes of administration identified were inhalation and drinking. The remedies were used for the treatment of hard such as dental caries and tooth sensitivity, to soft tissue lesions such as mouth ulcers, gingival bleeding, and mouth thrush. Other oral disorders managed include halitosis, jaw fracture, and oral cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
Given the increasing prevalence of oral diseases within the region, the shortage of oral healthcare professionals and limited access to financial resources, it becomes imperative to support the generation of empirical evidence to enhance the provision of traditional medicine for oral healthcare in Africa.
Topics: Humans; Africa; Dental Caries; Ethnobotany; Medicine, African Traditional; Medicine, Traditional; Mouth Diseases; Oral Health; Periodontal Diseases; Phytotherapy
PubMed: 38805486
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297570 -
Case Reports in Dentistry 2024A postsurgical ciliated cyst (PSCC) is an epithelial cyst that usually develops in the maxilla, although in rare cases, it can affect the mandible or other facial bones....
INTRODUCTION
A postsurgical ciliated cyst (PSCC) is an epithelial cyst that usually develops in the maxilla, although in rare cases, it can affect the mandible or other facial bones. The typical age of diagnosis is 40-50 years, with no gender prevalence, and the mean cyst development occurs approximately 10-15 years following a surgical or traumatic event. Some epithelial respiratory cells can be trapped into the bone tissue during maxillary surgical procedures or maxillary fractures. The pathogenetic mechanism can be attributed to an inflammatory process that stimulates epithelial proliferation, leading to cyst expansion caused by osmotic pressure difference.
METHODS
This study presents case series involving three surgical ciliated cysts located in the left maxilla, affecting two female patients (aged 49 and 55 years) and one male patient (aged 39 years). In all three cases, symptoms such as pain or swelling were mild and not consistently present. Two cases showed cyst development 10 and 15 years after implant placement, while one case was not associated with any surgical or traumatic event. CT scan identified well-defined unilocular lesions in the maxillary bone in each patient.
RESULTS
Histopathological examination of the surgical specimens confirmed the suspected diagnosis of a PSCC of maxilla. The cystic walls consisted of fibrous connective tissue with chronic inflammatory infiltrate, lined exclusively by a thin layer of ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. In the third patient, it was not possible to rule out an unusual radicular cyst.
CONCLUSIONS
Although PSCCs are not commonly encountered in daily practice, clinicians should consider this possibility including it in the differential diagnosis of odontogenic jaw cysts and benign jaw tumors, particularly in patients who have undergone previous surgeries in the maxillary area.
PubMed: 38798911
DOI: 10.1155/2024/5584515 -
Discovery Medicine May 2024The number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients requiring renal replacement therapy is increasing, often exhibiting oral manifestations including periodontal... (Review)
Review
The number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients requiring renal replacement therapy is increasing, often exhibiting oral manifestations including periodontal disease, gingival hyperplasia, altered saliva composition, and uremic stomatitis. Uremic stomatitis, xerostomia, and candidiasis are very frequent, particularly among patients undergoing dialysis or kidney transplant recipients. CKD patients also experience profound alterations in bone metabolism inherent in the homeostasis of calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). These alterations lead to demineralization of the jaw bones, reduced bone trabeculae, reduced cortical bone thickness, fibrocystic bone lesions, bone fractures, and delayed wound healing post-tooth extraction. Consequently, oral health management of elderly hemodialysis patients poses serious clinical problems. This review focused on the oral health and rehabilitation of patients with CKD or on dialysis.
Topics: Humans; Oral Health; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Dental Implants; Oral Surgical Procedures; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 38798248
DOI: 10.24976/Discov.Med.202436184.82 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024The anatomical position of the nasopalatine canal in the anterior maxilla makes it one of the most important vital structures in the region. Surgical and implant...
The anatomical position of the nasopalatine canal in the anterior maxilla makes it one of the most important vital structures in the region. Surgical and implant procedures in this area require local anesthesia to be administered. It is, therefore, important to morphologically assess the length and shape of the nasopalatine canal for performing surgical procedures with more accuracy in this area. Cone-Beam Computed tomography scans were scrutinized using inclusion criteria of age 18 years and above, absence of any pathological lesions/fracture/surgery in the nasopalatine area, absence of orthodontic treatment or maxillary jaw correction surgeries, and exclusion criteria including CBCT scans with artifacts or error s in the area of interest, anterior implants, absence of bone diseases, trauma, surgeries, and impactions in the area of interest. A total of 360 scans were analyzed for the length and shape of the nasopalatine canals. The results of the study showed that the mean nasopalatine canal length was 12.51 mm. The hourglass shape of the canal was most common and had the highest representation in both genders, with male 80.62% and female 87.01%. A statistically significant difference ( < 0.001) was noted in nasopalatine canal length between males and females. The study provides insight into the significant association of gender with the canal's shape and length of the canal. The length of the canal does not influence with age. These parameters are helpful for surgical planning and interventions in the anterior maxillary region.
PubMed: 38786271
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14100973 -
Scientific Reports May 2024The clinical finite element analysis (FEA) application in maxillofacial surgery for mandibular fracture is limited due to the lack of a validated FEA model. Therefore,...
The clinical finite element analysis (FEA) application in maxillofacial surgery for mandibular fracture is limited due to the lack of a validated FEA model. Therefore, this study aims to develop a validated FEA model for mandibular fracture treatment, by assessing non-comminuted mandibular fracture fixation. FEA models were created for mandibles with single simple symphysis, parasymphysis, and angle fractures; fixated with 2.0 mm 4-hole titanium miniplates located at three different configurations with clinically known differences in stability, namely: superior border, inferior border, and two plate combinations. The FEA models were validated with series of Synbone polymeric mandible mechanical testing (PMMT) using a mechanical test bench with an identical test set-up. The first outcome was that the current understanding of stable simple mandibular fracture fixation was reproducible in both the FEA and PMMT. Optimal fracture stability was achieved with the two plate combination, followed by superior border, and then inferior border plating. Second, the FEA and the PMMT findings were consistent and comparable (a total displacement difference of 1.13 mm). In conclusion, the FEA and the PMMT outcomes were similar, and hence suitable for simple mandibular fracture treatment analyses. The FEA model can possibly be applied for non-routine complex mandibular fracture management.
Topics: Mandibular Fractures; Finite Element Analysis; Humans; Mandible; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone Plates; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Mechanical Tests; Titanium; Stress, Mechanical; Polymers
PubMed: 38782942
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62011-4 -
The Orthopedic Clinics of North America Jul 2024As medical and surgical treatment options for children with osteoporosis expand, multidisciplinary strategies for bone health optimization become more important. Each... (Review)
Review
As medical and surgical treatment options for children with osteoporosis expand, multidisciplinary strategies for bone health optimization become more important. Each patient's bone mineral density and fracture history should be interpreted in context. Off-label bisphosphonate use is a standard pharmacologic intervention for children with osteoporosis for optimal bone accrual. It is possible to continue this therapy perioperatively under certain circumstances. The rare side effects (osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femur fractures) seem less common in children. Physical therapy, vitamin D supplementation, and other interventions are also important tools for optimal bone health perioperatively and for satisfactory surgical outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Child; Osteoporosis; Bone Density; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Perioperative Care; Diphosphonates; Vitamin D
PubMed: 38782506
DOI: 10.1016/j.ocl.2023.11.003 -
Cirugia Y Cirujanos 2024The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical effect of stainless-steel wire fixation on the early mouth-opening movement of an intracapsular fracture involving...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical effect of stainless-steel wire fixation on the early mouth-opening movement of an intracapsular fracture involving the condylar process.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, patients who underwent mandibular condylar intracapsular fracture surgery in our hospital from 2012 to 2020 were selected as research subjects. A total of 44 patients received steel wire internal fixation treatment, 32 patients received titanium plate-and-nail rigid internal fixation, and 28 patients underwent conservative non-surgical treatment.
RESULTS
For the patients in the stainless-steel wire group, the degree of mouth opening reached normal levels of 3.7 cm approximately 10 days after surgery. The recovery time for the patients in the titanium plate-and-nail rigid internal-fixation group was 21 days, while the patients in the conservative treatment group needed 60 days to recover.
CONCLUSION
The treatment of fixation with a stainless-steel wire for intracapsular condylar fracture reduced the time taken to perform mouth-opening exercises and improved the recovery rate of patients.
Topics: Humans; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Mandibular Fractures; Mandibular Condyle; Stainless Steel; Male; Female; Bone Wires; Adult; Bone Plates; Middle Aged; Titanium; Range of Motion, Articular; Bone Nails; Young Adult; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38782385
DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.23000093 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Mandibular Fractures
PubMed: 38755038
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2024.03.005