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Skin Appendage Disorders Aug 2023Onychogryphosis is a nail condition characterized clinically by a thickened, curved, yellow-brown, and opaque nail plate and may result in pain, paronychia, and...
INTRODUCTION
Onychogryphosis is a nail condition characterized clinically by a thickened, curved, yellow-brown, and opaque nail plate and may result in pain, paronychia, and onychogryphosis.
METHODS
We performed a nested case-control study of 1,114 onychogryphosis patients and 3,423 matched controls to quantify the association between onychogryphosis and self-care limitations, chronic foot injury, dermatologic conditions, and vascular disease.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Onychogryphosis was positively associated with increased age, activity limitations (difficulty running errands alone, bathing, and concentrating), psoriasis, onychomycosis, hallux malleus, hallux valgus, peripheral vascular disease, lower extremity ulcers, venous varices, and type II diabetes mellitus. Therefore, physicians should screen patients presenting with onychogryphosis for these conditions.
PubMed: 37564683
DOI: 10.1159/000530096 -
Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) Jul 2023Chronic otitis media is recurrent infection of the middle ear and mastoid air cells in the setting of perforation of the tympanic membrane. Risk factors for chronic...
BACKGROUND
Chronic otitis media is recurrent infection of the middle ear and mastoid air cells in the setting of perforation of the tympanic membrane. Risk factors for chronic otitis media include predisposing characteristics such as gender, allergies, Eustachian tube dysfunction, history of acute otitis media, and upper respiratory tract infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between chronic otitis media and epitympanic recess volume.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 197 patients with chronic otitis media had their epitympanic recess volume compared to the epitympanic volume of 99 healthy controls. The epitympanic recess volume was measured via the 3D volumetric measurement tool of the local PACS. Epitympanic recess volume measurement was performed using axial sections in a plane starting from the level of the malleus head-anvil body in the craniocaudal direction to the tegmen tympanum.
RESULTS
It was shown that patients with bilateral involvement had an epitympanic recess volume of 75.00 mm, compared to 72.30 mm in those with unilateral chronic otitis media. The healthy control group's median value for the epitympanic recess was 74.73 mm.
CONCLUSIONS
Epitympanic volume values did not differ substantially between patients with chronic otitis media and healthy persons, and epitympanic volume was not recognized as a predisposing factor ( = 0.686).
Topics: Humans; Ear, Middle; Otitis Media; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37489474
DOI: 10.3390/tomography9040106 -
American Journal of Otolaryngology 2023Sometimes performing PORP adequately is challenging when the stapes is tilted or the suprastructure is partially damaged owing to inflammation or infection. In such...
OBJECTIVES
Sometimes performing PORP adequately is challenging when the stapes is tilted or the suprastructure is partially damaged owing to inflammation or infection. In such cases, the implementation of a TORP bypassing the stapes can be a useful alternative. This study aimed to investigate whether bypassing the stapes suprastructure during total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) affects postoperative complications or audiological outcomes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Among 104 patients who underwent open cavity mastoidectomy and ossiculoplasty using a titanium prosthesis at Korea University Ansan Hospital between January 2012 and December 2019, we compared the preoperative and postoperative audiological results and surgical complications of 52, 21, and 31 patients who underwent partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP), TORP bypassing the remaining stapes suprastructure, and TORP on the stapes footplate or oval window, respectively.
RESULTS
The air-bone gap before surgery was significantly different in the TORP on the stapes footplate group (34.2 ± 12.0 dB) than that in the PORP (22.9 ± 13.8 dB) and TORP bypassing the stapes groups (20.7 ± 11.5 dB, p < 0.001). After surgery, there were no significant differences among the groups (p = 0.818). The air-bone gap difference before surgery was associated with the presence of stapes before surgery (p < 0.001). There was no difference in the proportion of postoperative tympanic perforation, whether it was a revision surgery, malleus status, or the size of perforation of the tympanic membrane among the three groups.
CONCLUSION
When performing ossiculoplasty using TORP, bypassing the stapes did not affect surgical and audiologic outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Ossicular Prosthesis; Stapes; Ossicular Replacement; Mastoidectomy; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37437334
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.103969 -
The Laryngoscope Feb 2024Our team designed a long-lasting, well-sealed microphone, which uses laser welding and vacuum packaging technology. This study examined the sensitivity and effectiveness...
OBJECTIVE
Our team designed a long-lasting, well-sealed microphone, which uses laser welding and vacuum packaging technology. This study examined the sensitivity and effectiveness of this new floating piezoelectric microphone (NFPM) designed for totally implantable cochlear implants (TICIs) in animal experiments and intraoperative testing.
METHODS
Different NFPM frequency responses from 0.25 to 10 kHz at 90 dB SPL were analyzed using in vivo testing of cats and human patients. The NFPM was tested in different positions that were clamped to the ossicular chains or placed in the tympanic cavity of cats and human patients. Two volunteers' long incus foot and four cats' malleus neck of the ossicular chain were clamped with the NSFM. The output electrical signals from different locations were recorded, analyzed, and compared. The NFPM was removed after the test without causing any damage to the middle-ear structure of the cats. Intraoperative tests of the NFPM were performed during the cochlear implant surgery and the cochlear implant surgery was completed after all tests.
RESULTS
Compared with the results in the tympanic cavity, the NFPM could detect the vibration from the ossicular chain more sensitively in cat experiments and intraoperative testing. We also found that the signal output level of the NFPM decreased as the acoustic stimulation strength decreased in the intraoperative testing.
CONCLUSION
The NFPM is effective in the intraoperative testing, making it feasible as an implantable middle-ear microphone for TICIs.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
4 Laryngoscope, 134:937-944, 2024.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Cochlear Implants; Prosthesis Design; Ear, Middle; Cochlear Implantation; Ear Ossicles
PubMed: 37421255
DOI: 10.1002/lary.30861 -
Otology & Neurotology : Official... Aug 2023A special presentation of foreign body granuloma originating from the lateral process of the malleus (FBGLP) was noted in the absence of a history of foreign body entry...
OBJECTIVE
A special presentation of foreign body granuloma originating from the lateral process of the malleus (FBGLP) was noted in the absence of a history of foreign body entry into the external auditory canal (EAC). This study reported the clinical features, pathology, and prognosis of patients with FBGLP.
DESIGN
Retrospective study.
SETTING
Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital.
PATIENTS
Nineteen pediatric patients (age, 1-10 yr) with FBGLP.
INTERVENTIONS
Clinical data were collected from January 2018 to January 2022.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients were analyzed.
RESULTS
All patients had an acute course, and were within 3 months of ineffective medical treatment. The most common symptoms were suppurative (57.9%) and hemorrhagic (42.1%) otorrhea. FBGLP imaging examinations demonstrated a soft mass blocking the EAC without bone destruction and occasionally concomitant effusion in the middle ear. The most common pathologic findings were foreign body granuloma (94.7%,18/19), granulation tissue (73.7%, 14/19), keratotic precipitate (73.7%, 14/19), calcium deposition (63.2%, 12/19), hair shafts (47.4%, 9/19), cholesterol crystals (5, 26.3%), and hemosiderin (15.8%, 3/19). Foreign body granuloma and granulation tissue showed higher expression levels of CD68 and cleaved caspase-3 than did the normal tympanic mucosa, whereas Ki-67 levels were similarly low in all tissues. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 4 years without recurrence.
CONCLUSION
FBGLP is caused by endogenous foreign particles in the ear. We recommend the trans-external auditory meatus approach for FBGLP surgical excision, as this shows promising outcomes.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Child, Preschool; Malleus; Retrospective Studies; Granuloma, Foreign-Body; Ear Canal; Ear, Middle
PubMed: 37311639
DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003918 -
Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Nov 2023The placental order Dermoptera, which includes two extant species, the Philippine and Sunda flying lemurs, Cynocephalus volans and Galeopterus variegatus, respectively,...
The placental order Dermoptera, which includes two extant species, the Philippine and Sunda flying lemurs, Cynocephalus volans and Galeopterus variegatus, respectively, is generally held to be the sister group of Primates. Yet, little has been reported on their cranial anatomy. Here, the anatomy of the ear region is described and illustrated for a juvenile and adult C. volans based on CT scans. The inclusion of a juvenile is essential as nearly all cranial sutures are fused in the adult. Soft tissues are reconstructed based on sectioned histological pre- and postnatal specimens previously reported by the author. Numerous unusual features are identified, including: a small parasphenoid beneath the basisphenoid, a tensor tympani fossa on the epitympanic wing of the squamosal, a cavum supracochleare for the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve that is not enclosed in the petrosal bone, a secondary facial foramen between the petrosal and squamosal, a secondary posttemporal foramen leading to the primary one, a subarcuate fossa that is floored in part by a large contribution from the squamosal, a body of the incus larger than the head of the malleus, and a crus longum of the incus that lacks an osseous connection to the lenticular process. Documentation of the anatomy of the Philippine flying lemur ear region is an essential first step in morphological phylogenetic analyses where features of the basicranium are widely sampled.
Topics: Pregnancy; Animals; Female; Phylogeny; Lemur; Philippines; Placenta; Primates; Chiroptera
PubMed: 36897245
DOI: 10.1002/ar.25174