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Microbiology Resource Announcements Sep 2023A lack of whole genome sequences for spp. other than complicates their identification. Here, we present the genome sequence of 39324.S-11, isolated from a healthy...
A lack of whole genome sequences for spp. other than complicates their identification. Here, we present the genome sequence of 39324.S-11, isolated from a healthy calf on a feedlot in Saskatchewan, Canada, and compare it to ZY190616, which is currently the only other isolate of for which sequence is publicly available.
PubMed: 37555671
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00456-23 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Sep 2023
Topics: Mannheimia haemolytica; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Macrolides; Pasteurella multocida
PubMed: 37533327
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad209 -
Microbiome Jul 2023Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most common diseases in intensively managed cattle, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Although several...
BACKGROUND
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most common diseases in intensively managed cattle, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Although several pathogens have been isolated and extensively studied, the complete infectome of the respiratory complex consists of a more extensive range unrecognised species. Here, we used total RNA sequencing (i.e., metatranscriptomics) of nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs collected from animals with and without BRD from two cattle feedlots in Australia.
RESULTS
A high abundance of bovine nidovirus, influenza D, bovine rhinitis A and bovine coronavirus was found in the samples. Additionally, we obtained the complete or near-complete genome of bovine rhinitis B, enterovirus E1, bovine viral diarrhea virus (sub-genotypes 1a and 1c) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and partial sequences of other viruses. A new species of paramyxovirus was also identified. Overall, the most abundant RNA virus, was the bovine nidovirus. Characterisation of bacterial species from the transcriptome revealed a high abundance and diversity of Mollicutes in BRD cases and unaffected control animals. Of the non-Mollicutes species, Histophilus somni was detected, whereas there was a low abundance of Mannheimia haemolytica.
CONCLUSION
This study highlights the use of untargeted sequencing approaches to study the unrecognised range of microorganisms present in healthy or diseased animals and the need to study previously uncultured viral species that may have an important role in cattle respiratory disease. Video Abstract.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Rhinitis; Australia; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Viruses; Cattle Diseases
PubMed: 37491320
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01591-1 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Aug 2023To survey antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing cattle and pig respiratory infections in 10 European countries.
AIMS
To survey antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing cattle and pig respiratory infections in 10 European countries.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Non-replicate nasopharyngeal/nasal or lung swabs were collected from animals with acute respiratory signs during 2015-2016. Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni from cattle (n = 281), and P. multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Glaesserella parasuis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Streptococcus suis from pigs (n = 593) were isolated. MICs were assessed following CLSI standards and interpreted using veterinary breakpoints where available. Histophilus somni isolates were fully antibiotic susceptible. Bovine P. multocida and M. haemolytica were susceptible to all antibiotics, except tetracycline (11.6%-17.6% resistance). Low macrolide and spectinomycin resistance was observed for P. multocida and M. haemolytica (1.3%-8.8%). Similar susceptibility was observed in pigs, where breakpoints are available. Resistance in P. multocida, A. pleuropneumoniae, and S. suis to ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, and florfenicol was absent or <5%. Tetracycline resistance varied from 10.6% to 21.3%, but was 82.4% in S. suis. Overall multidrug-resistance was low. Antibiotic resistance in 2015-2016 remained similar as in 2009-2012.
CONCLUSIONS
Low antibiotic resistance was observed among respiratory tract pathogens, except for tetracycline.
Topics: Cattle; Animals; Swine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Pasteurella multocida; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline; Respiratory System; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Cattle Diseases; Drug Resistance, Bacterial
PubMed: 37391360
DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad132 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Sep 2023Although bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection has been reported in cattle in Argentina, it has not been associated with pneumonia in Argentina. We report...
Although bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection has been reported in cattle in Argentina, it has not been associated with pneumonia in Argentina. We report here 5 cases of bovine pneumonia associated with BRSV. Autopsies were performed on 35 beef cattle with gross and/or microscopic lesions of pneumonia from 3 commercial feedlots. Lung samples in 5 of 35 animals were BRSV-positive by reverse-transcription nested PCR. The lungs of 2 of these 5 animals were coinfected with , and 1 with bovine viral diarrhea virus 1. Microscopically, the lungs of 3 of the 5 BRSV PCR-positive animals had fibrinosuppurative bronchopneumonia, with or without pleuritis; 2 of the 5 had interstitial pneumonia. We conclude that BRSV is part of the bovine respiratory disease complex in Argentina.
Topics: Cattle; Animals; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine; Argentina; Cattle Diseases; Lung; Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex
PubMed: 37377189
DOI: 10.1177/10406387231182106 -
Veterinary Microbiology Aug 2023Amongst the bacterial pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease syndrome (BRD) in cattle are Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma bovis. The interaction...
Amongst the bacterial pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease syndrome (BRD) in cattle are Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma bovis. The interaction between these two pathogens has not been investigated before; thus, there are gaps in the knowledge of why and how a previous infection with M. haemolytica allows the development of M. bovis-related lesions. We hypothesized that upon M. haemolytica infection, inflammatory products are produced in the lung and that these inflammatory products stimulate M. bovis to produce proteases and lipases that degrade lipids and proteins important for lung function. In this work, we identified several M. bovis proteases and lipases whose expression was modulated by M. haemolytica products in vitro. We performed co-infection animal challenges to develop a model to test vaccine protection. A prior exposure to BHV-1 followed by infection with M. bovis and M. haemolytica resulted in severe pathology and the BHV-1 infection was abandoned. When M. bovis and M. haemolytica were introduced into the lungs by bronchoscopy, we found that M. haemolytica resulted in worsening of the respiratory disease caused by M. bovis. We performed a proof-of-concept trial where animals were immunized with the M. bovis proteins identified in this study and challenged with both pathogens. Despite detecting significant humoral immune responses to the antigens, the experimental vaccine failed to protect against M. bovis disease.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Bacteria; Cattle Diseases; Mannheimia haemolytica; Mycoplasma bovis; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Proof of Concept Study
PubMed: 37276814
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109793