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International Journal of Surgical... Dec 2023Yolk sac tumor is a malignant germ cell tumor, which typically occurs in the gonads with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Among extragonadal sites, the liver is...
Yolk sac tumor is a malignant germ cell tumor, which typically occurs in the gonads with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Among extragonadal sites, the liver is an uncommon location for primary pediatric yolk sac tumors. Other common hepatic tumors in this age group presenting with elevated serum AFP like hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma must be differentiated from yolk sac tumors for initiating appropriate treatment and accurate prognostication. Lung metastasis with refractoriness to chemotherapy is an extraordinary presentation that has never been documented in the literature. We report our experience with a 2-year-old female child initially misdiagnosed as hepatoblastoma. It was found that LIN28 positivity by immunohistochemistry aided in confirmation of the histopathological diagnosis of primary yolk sac tumor of the liver.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; alpha-Fetoproteins; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Hepatoblastoma; Immunohistochemistry; Liver; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 37013352
DOI: 10.1177/10668969231157777 -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology :... Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Teratoma
PubMed: 36877134
DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2182673 -
International Journal of Surgical... Oct 2023Germ cell tumors primarily arise in gonads and extragonadal germ cell tumors, an uncommon entity, originates usually along the midline. Here, we report the fifth example...
Germ cell tumors primarily arise in gonads and extragonadal germ cell tumors, an uncommon entity, originates usually along the midline. Here, we report the fifth example of intrarenal pure yolk sac tumor in a 1.5-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain and underwent excision of the mass for suspected Wilms tumor. On histopathology and immunohistochemistry, a diagnosis of a yolk sac tumor was rendered. Postoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were 21 000 ng/dl. The purpose of this report is to emphasize the importance of suspecting a germ cell tumor as one of the differential diagnoses of a suspected case of Wilms tumor and the significance of evaluating serum alpha-fetoprotein levels preoperatively.
Topics: Male; Humans; Infant; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; alpha-Fetoproteins; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Wilms Tumor; Kidney Neoplasms
PubMed: 36710574
DOI: 10.1177/10668969221149131 -
International Journal of Surgical... Aug 2023We report a case of a 65-year-old man with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma that microscopically consisted of a polymorphous blend of... (Review)
Review
We report a case of a 65-year-old man with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma that microscopically consisted of a polymorphous blend of enteroblastic, yolk sac-like, and hepatoid carcinoma components of variable proportions. No histological evidence of Barrett's esophagus was identified. Two weeks post-endoscopic mucosal mass resection, the serum AFP level was 1434.6 ng/mL. The patient underwent radiation and chemotherapy but developed metastatic lung lesions. At 18 months post-resection, the patient is alive. AFP-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma is a rare entity. We reviewed reported cases for clinicopathological features, treatment strategies, and prognosis.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; alpha-Fetoproteins; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Adenocarcinoma; Esophageal Neoplasms
PubMed: 36514283
DOI: 10.1177/10668969221142041 -
International Journal of Surgical... Aug 2023The most common subtype of ovarian carcinoma associated with somatically derived yolk sac tumor (YST) is endometrioid carcinoma. Only two cases of ovarian mucinous... (Review)
Review
The most common subtype of ovarian carcinoma associated with somatically derived yolk sac tumor (YST) is endometrioid carcinoma. Only two cases of ovarian mucinous carcinomas associated with YST have been reported; herein, we present three additional patients, along with a review of previous literature and our pathology archives to analyze the tumor prognosis. The patients' ages ranged from 38 to 53 years. Two patients had FIGO stage 1 tumors, and one patient had a stage 3 tumor. Two patients died of the disease within a year, and one patient survived with distant metastasis (32 months after surgery). In all three tumors, the YST-like component comprised less than 5% of the total tumor area. Together with the two previously reported mucinous carcinomas with a YST-like component, the prognosis of the five mucinous carcinomas with a YST-like component were compared with that of 19 conventional mucinous carcinomas resected at our hospital. The survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. As a result, the overall survival rate of patients with mucinous carcinomas with a YST-like component was significantly lower than that of patients with conventional mucinous carcinomas ( = .0014). Our study indicates that the presence of a YST-like component in mucinous carcinomas would be a strong prognostic indicator.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Immunohistochemistry; Ovarian Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Endometrioid; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous
PubMed: 36314449
DOI: 10.1177/10668969221133346 -
Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Aug 2023Primary yolk sac tumor of the orbit is a rare entity. Orbital involvement is usually seen in young children and proptosis is the commonest presentation. Aggressive...
Primary yolk sac tumor of the orbit is a rare entity. Orbital involvement is usually seen in young children and proptosis is the commonest presentation. Aggressive orbital involvement and presentation as a fungating mass is rarely seen. We report a case of primary orbital yolk sac tumor with an aggressive presentation that responded well to systemic chemotherapy.
Topics: Child; Humans; Child, Preschool; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Orbital Neoplasms; Orbit; Exophthalmos
PubMed: 35258404
DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2037142