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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024An interconnected sponge structure and porous surface poly (acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (P(AN-MA)) microfiltration membranes (MF) were fabricated via thermally...
An interconnected sponge structure and porous surface poly (acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (P(AN-MA)) microfiltration membranes (MF) were fabricated via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) by using caprolactam (CPL), and acetamide (AC) as the mixed diluent. When the ternary system was composed of 15 wt.% P(AN-MA), 90 wt.% CPL, and 10 wt.% AC and formed in a 25 °C air bath, the membrane exhibited the highest water flux of 8107 L/m·h. The P(AN-MA) membrane contained hydrophobic groups (-COOCH) and hydrophilic groups (-CN), leading it to exhibit oleophobic properties underwater and hydrophobic properties in oil. The membrane demonstrates efficient separation of immiscible oil/water mixtures. The pure water flux of the petroleum ether/water mixture measured 870 L/m·h, and the pure oil flux of the petroleum tetrachloride/water mixture measured 1230 L/m·h under the influence of gravity. Additionally, the recovery efficiency of diluents through recrystallization was 85.3%, significantly reducing potential pollution and production costs.
PubMed: 38792160
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102302 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Efficient and thorough treatment of dye wastewater is essential to achieve ecological harmony. In this study, a new type of calcium-based modified coal gangue (Ca-CG)...
Efficient and thorough treatment of dye wastewater is essential to achieve ecological harmony. In this study, a new type of calcium-based modified coal gangue (Ca-CG) was prepared by using solid waste coal gangue as raw material and a CaCl modifier, which was used for the removal of malachite green, methylene blue, crystal violet, methyl violet and other dyes in water. When the dosage of Ca-CG was 1-5 g/L, the dosage of Ca-CG was the main factor affecting the dye adsorption effect. The adsorption effects of Ca-CG on four dyes were as follows: malachite green > crystal violet > methylene blue > methyl violet. Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of malachite green, methyl blue, crystal violet and methyl violet by Ca-CG fitted the second-order kinetic model, and adsorption with chemical reaction is the main process. The adsorption of four dyes by Ca-CG conformed to the Freundlich model, which is dominated by multi-molecular layer adsorption, and the adsorption was easy to carry out. The adsorption process of Ca-CG on the four dyes was spontaneous. The results of FTIR, XRD and SEM showed that the calcium-based materials such as lipscombite and dolomite were the key to the adsorption of malachite green by Ca-CG, and the main mechanisms for the adsorption of malachite green by Ca-CG are surface precipitation, electrostatic action, and chelation reaction. Ca-CG adsorption has great potential for the removal of dye wastewater.
PubMed: 38792045
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102183 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024The quality of the Dahongpao mother tree () remains a mystery to this day. In this study, for the first time, the differences between the Dahongpao mother tree (MD) and...
The quality of the Dahongpao mother tree () remains a mystery to this day. In this study, for the first time, the differences between the Dahongpao mother tree (MD) and Dahongpao cuttings (PD), in terms of odor characteristics and taste characteristics were analyzed by metabomics. The results showed that MD had stronger floral, fruity, green, and woody odor characteristics than PD, and that the contributions were mainly from dihydromyrcenol, methyl salicylate, 2-isobutylpyrazine, 1,6-dihydrocarveol, gamma-terpineol, and linalyl acetate. Further, fresh and brisk taste and mellowness taste characteristics of MD were significantly higher than PD, with contributions mainly from amino acids and derivatives and organic acids. Secondly, bitterness taste characteristics of PD were significantly higher than MD, with contributions from phenolic acids, flavones, and flavonols. This study preliminarily unraveled the legend of the superior quality of the Dahongpao mother tree, and also provided an important reference for the breeding of tea-tree cuttings.
PubMed: 38790849
DOI: 10.3390/foods13101548 -
Microbial Cell Factories May 2024Azo dyes represent a common textile dye preferred for its high stability on fabrics in various harsh conditions. Although these dyes pose high-risk levels for all...
BACKGROUND
Azo dyes represent a common textile dye preferred for its high stability on fabrics in various harsh conditions. Although these dyes pose high-risk levels for all biological forms, fungal laccase is known as a green catalyst for its ability to oxidize numerous dyes.
METHODS
Trichoderma isolates were identified and tested for laccase production. Laccase production was optimized using Plackett-Burman Design. Laccase molecular weight and the kinetic properties of the enzyme, including K and V pH, temperature, and ionic strength, were detected. Azo dye removal efficiency by laccase enzyme was detected for Congo red, methylene blue, and methyl orange.
RESULTS
Eight out of nine Trichoderma isolates were laccase producers. Laccase production efficiency was optimized by the superior strain T. harzianum PP389612, increasing production from 1.6 to 2.89 U/ml. In SDS-PAGE, purified laccases appear as a single protein band with a molecular weight of 41.00 kDa. K and V values were 146.12 μmol guaiacol and 3.82 μmol guaiacol/min. Its activity was stable in the pH range of 5-7, with an optimum temperature range of 40 to 50 °C, optimum ionic strength of 50 mM NaCl, and thermostability properties up to 90 °C. The decolorization efficiency of laccase was increased by increasing the time and reached its maximum after 72 h. The highest efficiency was achieved in Congo red decolorization, which reached 99% after 72 h, followed by methylene blue at 72%, while methyl orange decolorization efficiency was 68.5%.
CONCLUSION
Trichoderma laccase can be used as an effective natural bio-agent for dye removal because it is stable and removes colors very well.
Topics: Laccase; Azo Compounds; Coloring Agents; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Temperature; Congo Red; Osmolar Concentration; Hypocreales; Biodegradation, Environmental; Fungal Proteins
PubMed: 38790055
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02412-2 -
Nature Communications May 2024Photocatalytic coupling of methane to ethane and ethylene (C compounds) offers a promising approach to utilizing the abundant methane resource. However, the...
Photocatalytic coupling of methane to ethane and ethylene (C compounds) offers a promising approach to utilizing the abundant methane resource. However, the state-of-the-art photocatalysts usually suffer from very limited C formation rates. Here, we report our discovery that the anatase TiO nanocrystals mainly exposing {101} facets, which are generally considered less active in photocatalysis, demonstrate surprisingly better performances than those exposing the high-energy {001} facet. The palladium co-catalyst plays a pivotal role and the Pd site on co-catalyst accounts for the selective C formation. We unveil that the anatase {101} facet favors the formation of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous phase near the surface, where they activate methane molecules into methyl radicals, and the Pd site participates in facilitating the adsorption and coupling of methyl radicals. This work provides a strategy to design efficient nanocatalysts for selective photocatalytic methane coupling by reaction-space separation to optimize heterogeneous-homogeneous reactions at solid-liquid interfaces.
PubMed: 38789454
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48866-1 -
Environmental Research Sep 2024A rational design of heterojunctions with high-quality contacts is essential for efficiently separating photogenerated charge carries and boosting the solar-driven...
A rational design of heterojunctions with high-quality contacts is essential for efficiently separating photogenerated charge carries and boosting the solar-driven harvesting capability. Herein, we fabricated a novel heterojunction of SnO quantum dots-anchored CdS-CdCO with g-CN nanosheets as a superior photocatalyst. SnO quantum dots (SQDs) with positively charged surfaces were tightly anchored on the negatively charged surface of CdS nanosheets (NSs). The resulting CdS@SnO was finally decorated with g-CN NSs, and a new crystalline phase of CdS-CdCO was formed during the hydrothermal decoration process, g-CN decorated CdS-CdCO@SnO (CdS-CdCO@SnO@g-CN). The as-synthesized photocatalysts were evaluated for the degradation of methyl orange dye under solar light conditions. The CdS-CdCO@SnO@g-CN exhibited 7.7-fold and 2.3-fold enhancements in photocatalytic activities in comparison to those of the bare CdS and CdS@SnO NSs, respectively. The optimal performance of CdS-CdCO@SnO@g-CN is primarily attributed to the cascade-type conduction band alignments between 2D/0D/2D heterojunctions, which can harvest maximum solar light and effectively separate photoexcited charge carriers. This work provides a new inspiration for the rational design of 2D/0D/2D heterojunction photocatalyst for green energy generation and environmental remediation applications.
Topics: Quantum Dots; Cadmium Compounds; Tin Compounds; Nanocomposites; Catalysis; Sulfides; Sunlight; Photochemical Processes; Graphite; Azo Compounds; Nitriles; Nitrogen Compounds
PubMed: 38782343
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119202 -
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Sep 2024The diversity of catalytic products determines the difficulty of selective product modulation, which usually relies on adjusting the catalyst and reaction conditions to...
The diversity of catalytic products determines the difficulty of selective product modulation, which usually relies on adjusting the catalyst and reaction conditions to obtain different main products selectively. Herein, we synthesized D-π-A-D conjugated organic polymers (TH-COP) using cyclotriphosphonitrile, alkyne, 2H-benzimidazole, and sulfur units as electron donors, π bridges, electron acceptors, and electron donors, respectively. TH-COP exhibited excellent photoinduced carrier separation and redox ability under different visible light wavelengths, and the main products of its CO reduction are CH (1000.0 μmol g) and CO (837.0 μmol g) under 400-420 nm and 420-560 nm, respectively. In addition, TH-COP could completely convert phenylmethyl sulfide to methyl phenyl sulfone at 400-420 nm and diphenyl disulfide at 480-485 nm in yields up to 95 %. This study presents a novel strategy for the targeted fabrication of various main products using conjugated polymers by simply changing the wavelength range of visible light.
PubMed: 38781656
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.116 -
American Journal of Human Genetics Jun 2024Detection of structural variants (SVs) is currently biased toward those that alter copy number. The relative contribution of inversions toward genetic disease is...
Detection of structural variants (SVs) is currently biased toward those that alter copy number. The relative contribution of inversions toward genetic disease is unclear. In this study, we analyzed genome sequencing data for 33,924 families with rare disease from the 100,000 Genomes Project. From a database hosting >500 million SVs, we focused on 351 genes where haploinsufficiency is a confirmed disease mechanism and identified 47 ultra-rare rearrangements that included an inversion (24 bp to 36.4 Mb, 20/47 de novo). Validation utilized a number of orthogonal approaches, including retrospective exome analysis. RNA-seq data supported the respective diagnoses for six participants. Phenotypic blending was apparent in four probands. Diagnostic odysseys were a common theme (>50 years for one individual), and targeted analysis for the specific gene had already been performed for 30% of these individuals but with no findings. We provide formal confirmation of a European founder origin for an intragenic MSH2 inversion. For two individuals with complex SVs involving the MECP2 mutational hotspot, ambiguous SV structures were resolved using long-read sequencing, influencing clinical interpretation. A de novo inversion of HOXD11-13 was uncovered in a family with Kantaputra-type mesomelic dysplasia. Lastly, a complex translocation disrupting APC and involving nine rearranged segments confirmed a clinical diagnosis for three family members and resolved a conundrum for a sibling with a single polyp. Overall, inversions play a small but notable role in rare disease, likely explaining the etiology in around 1/750 families across heterogeneous clinical cohorts.
Topics: Humans; Rare Diseases; Male; Female; Chromosome Inversion; Pedigree; Genome, Human; Whole Genome Sequencing; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mutation; Homeodomain Proteins; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38776926
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.018 -
RSC Advances May 2024In this study, the methyl orange (MO) dye has been degraded after screening several azo dyes due to its effective results and being toxic and carcinogenic to aquatic...
In this study, the methyl orange (MO) dye has been degraded after screening several azo dyes due to its effective results and being toxic and carcinogenic to aquatic life and humans. An environmentally friendly, economical, and green method for water purification was used in this study using the photooxidative method. Several organic acids were screened for oxidative applications against various azo dyes but due to better results, methyl orange was selected for the whole study. Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, was found to be best for photodegradation due to its high oxidative activity among various organic acids utilized. A newly developed photoreactor box has been used to conduct the photooxidation process. To evaluate the degradation efficiency of AsA, photooxidative activity was monitored periodically. When the dose of AsA was used at a contact time of 180 minutes, degradation efficiency was 96%. The analysis of degraded products was performed using HPLC and GC-MS. The nucleophilicity of HOMO-LUMO and MEPs was confirmed using density functional theory. For the optimization of the process, central composite design (CCD) in Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized.
PubMed: 38769951
DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01202j -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024This study employed an anionic heteropolysaccharide extracted from overgrown Enteromorpha and homopolysaccharide pullulan to fabricate a self-floating hydrogel by...
This study employed an anionic heteropolysaccharide extracted from overgrown Enteromorpha and homopolysaccharide pullulan to fabricate a self-floating hydrogel by introducing bubble templates. Subsequently, green in-situ reduction and immobilization of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the hydrogel were successfully achieved without additional reducing agents. The heteropolysaccharide from Enteromorpha provides carboxyl and sulfate groups for Ag ions complexation, which is beneficial for the in-situ reduction of Ag NPs and inhibits their aggregation. The incorporation of bubble templates facilitates the creation of a hierarchical pore structure in the hydrogel, giving it self-floating properties for easy recycling, while the hierarchical network with rich anchor sites ensuring adequate traction for Ag NPs dispersion and stabilization. By adjusting polysaccharide content and using bubble templates, Ag NPs smaller than 10 nm can be obtained. The composite hydrogel exhibits tunable catalytic activity and excellent degradation towards Rhodamine B, Methyl Orange, and 4-Nitrophenol, with the normalized rate constant (k) of 78.89, 59.08, and 30.42 min g, respectively. Notably, the reduction efficiency remained above 98 % after 6 recycles with little leaching of Ag NPs, benefiting from its self-floating ability for easy recovery in practical applications.
Topics: Hydrogels; Catalysis; Silver; Polysaccharides; Metal Nanoparticles; Green Chemistry Technology; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Nitrophenols; Rhodamines; Oxidation-Reduction; Azo Compounds
PubMed: 38768920
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132507