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Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine May 2024This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive study exploring the synergistic effects arising from the combination of microwave ablation and pulsed electromagnetic...
This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive study exploring the synergistic effects arising from the combination of microwave ablation and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on prostate cancer cells. The research encompassed five distinct experimental groups, with continuous electric field measurements conducted during the entire treatment process. Group 1 and Group 2, subjected to microwave power below 350 W, exhibited specific electric field values of 72,800 V/m and 56,600 V/m, respectively. In contrast, Group 3 and Group 4, exposed to 80 W microwave power, displayed electric field levels of approximately 1450 V/m, while remaining free from any observable electrical discharges. The migratory and invasive capacities of PC3 cells were assessed through a scratch test in all groups. Notably, cells in Group 3 and Group 4, subjected to the combined treatment of microwave ablation and PEMF, demonstrated significantly accelerated migration in comparison to those in Groups 1 and 2. Additionally, Group 5 cells, receiving PEMF treatment in isolation, exhibited decreased migratory ability. These results strongly suggest that the combined approach of microwave ablation and PEMF holds promise as a potential therapeutic intervention for prostate cancer, as it effectively reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis, and impeded migration ability in PC3 cells. Moreover, the isolated use of PEMF demonstrated potential in limiting migratory capacity, which could hold critical implications in the fight against cancer metastasis.
PubMed: 38708861
DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2024.2345606 -
Journal of Food Science Jun 2024The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of spray drying (SD), spray freeze-drying (SFD), freeze-drying (FD), and microwave freeze-drying (MFD) on the...
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of spray drying (SD), spray freeze-drying (SFD), freeze-drying (FD), and microwave freeze-drying (MFD) on the characteristics of fish oil (FO) microcapsules. The physicochemical properties, morphology, fatty acid composition, and stability of the microcapsules were analyzed. The encapsulation efficiencies of microcapsules dried by SD, SFD, FD, and MFD were 86.98%, 77.79%, 63.29%, and 57.89%, respectively. SD microcapsules exhibited superior properties in terms of effective loading capacity, color, and flowability. Conversely, SFD microcapsules demonstrated improved solubility. Microencapsulation positively affected the thermal stability of FO, but the content of unsaturated fatty acids decreased. The findings from the storage experiment indicated that the oxidative stability of SD fish oil microcapsules was marginally lower compared to microcapsules produced through three alternative drying techniques, all of which were based on the FD concept. The comparison of various drying methods and their effects on the quality of FO microcapsules offers valuable insights that can serve as a foundation for the industrial production of high-quality microcapsules.
Topics: Fish Oils; Freeze Drying; Capsules; Microwaves; Drug Compounding; Spray Drying; Desiccation; Particle Size; Drug Stability
PubMed: 38700316
DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17098 -
Cureus Apr 2024Diathermy is a therapeutic technique utilizing electromagnetic waves that is widely used in the medical field, especially for orthopedic injuries such as musculoskeletal... (Review)
Review
Diathermy is a therapeutic technique utilizing electromagnetic waves that is widely used in the medical field, especially for orthopedic injuries such as musculoskeletal disorders. Shortwave diathermy (SWD), microwave diathermy (MWD), sonic therapy or ultrasound (US), and long-wave diathermy are the various types, out of which shortwave diathermy is most commonly used in medical fields. However, diathermy has not been explored much in dentistry. This literature review aims to discuss the various applications of diathermy and its potential use in dentistry with the existing scarce literature and further emphasize its role as a recommendation in the management of orofacial pain in dental practice.
PubMed: 38699109
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57427 -
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry May 2024Algae-based marine carbohydrate drugs are typically decorated with negative ion groups such as carboxylate and sulfate groups. However, the precise synthesis of highly...
Algae-based marine carbohydrate drugs are typically decorated with negative ion groups such as carboxylate and sulfate groups. However, the precise synthesis of highly sulfated alginates is challenging, thus impeding their structure-activity relationship studies. Herein we achieve a microwave-assisted synthesis of a range of highly sulfated mannuronate glycans with up to 17 sulfation sites by overcoming the incomplete sulfation due to the electrostatic repulsion of crowded polyanionic groups. Although the partially sulfated tetrasaccharide had the highest affinity for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant, the fully sulfated octasaccharide showed the most potent interference with the binding of the RBD to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Vero E6 cells, indicating that the sulfated oligosaccharides might inhibit the RBD binding to ACE2 in a length-dependent manner.
Topics: SARS-CoV-2; Microwaves; Antiviral Agents; Chlorocebus aethiops; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Vero Cells; Polysaccharides; Humans; Animals; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Hexuronic Acids; Sulfates; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 38695061
DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00466c -
Food Chemistry Sep 2024The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of different drying technologies including microwave drying (MD), vacuum microwave drying (VMD), sun drying (SD),... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of different drying technologies including microwave drying (MD), vacuum microwave drying (VMD), sun drying (SD), vacuum drying (VD), hot air drying (HAD), and vacuum freeze drying (VFD) on the physical characteristics, nutritional properties and antioxidant capacities of kiwifruit pomace in order to realize by-product utilization and improve energy efficiency. Results showed that both MD and VMD significantly reduced drying time by >94.6%, compared to traditional thermal drying which took 14-48 h. MD exhibited the highest content of soluble dietary fiber (9.5%) and the lowest energy consumption. Furthermore, VMD resulted in the highest content of vitamin C (198.78 mg/100 g) and reducing sugar (73.78%), and the antioxidant capacities ranked only second to VFD. Given the financial advantages and product quality, VMD was suggested to be advantageous technology in actual industrial production.
Topics: Antioxidants; Actinidia; Nutritive Value; Fruit; Desiccation; Freeze Drying; Food Handling; Vacuum; Dietary Fiber
PubMed: 38692240
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139497 -
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics :... May 2024Cancer is one of the primary health concerns among humans due to its high incidence rate and lack of effective treatment. Currently, medical techniques to achieve the...
Cancer is one of the primary health concerns among humans due to its high incidence rate and lack of effective treatment. Currently, medical techniques to achieve the precise elimination of local cancer lesions with negligible damage to normal tissues are still intensely desired. Herein, we synthesized BaTiO-TiO hollow spheres (BTHSs) for use in microwave dynamic therapy (MWDT) for cancer. Under UV irradiation, BTHSs can mediate the production of multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly O, which results in a rapid photocatalytic degradation rate (97%), 1.6-fold that of commercial P25. Importantly, the ROS production process can be triggered by microwaves to effectively execute MWDT for cancer. Under microwave irradiation, BTHSs exhibit a remarkable therapeutic effect and slight cytotoxicity. In terms of mechanism, the enhanced ROS production efficiency of BTHSs can be attributed to their unique hollow structure and the formation of a type-II heterojunction by the incorporation of BaTiO. The hollow structure increases the availability of active sites and enhances light scattering, while the BaTiO-TiO heterojunction enhances the photocatalytic activity of TiO through charge transfer and electron-hole separation. Overall, this study provides important insights into the design and optimization of sensitizers for MWDT applications.
Topics: Titanium; Microwaves; Barium Compounds; Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Cell Survival; Neoplasms; Catalysis; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38690682
DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05472a -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2024To evaluate the safety and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of multisegmental (2-3 segments)...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of multisegmental (2-3 segments) osteolytic spinal metastases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study comprised a retrospective analysis of data from 20 patients with multisegmental (2-3 segments) osteolytic spinal metastases who received MWA combined with PVP. The visual analog scale (VAS) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bone Metastases 22 (QLQ-BM22), and local recurrence before and after the operation were measured. The occurrence of complications was observed to evaluate safety.
RESULTS
All operations were completed successfully with no serious complications. Transient nerve injury occurred in two cases, but recovered after symptomatic treatment. The bone cement leakage rate was 13.9% (6/43). The mean baseline VAS scores were 7.25 ± 0.91 before treatment and 7.25 ± 0.91, 3.70 ± 1.12, 2.70 ± 0.73, 2.40 ± 0.68, 2.25 ± 0.71, and 2.70 ± 0.92 at 1 day, 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment; all values were significantly lower (P < 0.001). The mean baseline ODI score decreased from 56.90 ± 9.74 before treatment to 41.90 ± 7.09, 38.10 ± 7.93, and 38.80 ± 10.59 at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment, respectively; all values were significantly lower (P < 0.001). The average QLQ-BM22 baseline score decreased from 54.10 ± 5.36 before treatment to 44.65 ± 5.22, 43.05 ± 4.78, 42.30 ± 4.06, and 42.15 ± 5.47 at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment; all values were significantly lower (all P < 0.001). The postoperative survival time of all patients was >6 months. In three patients, four vertebral segments recurred 6 months after operation.
CONCLUSION
MWA combined with PVP is a safe and effective treatment for multisegmental osteolytic vertebral metastases that can effectively relieve pain, improve spinal function, improve quality of life, and delay tumor progression. However, it is a long operation, necessitating good preoperative preparation and effective intraoperative pain relief measures.
Topics: Humans; Vertebroplasty; Female; Male; Spinal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Microwaves; Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Quality of Life; Combined Modality Therapy; Adult; Pain Measurement; Radiofrequency Ablation; Bone Cements; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 38687944
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_558_23 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2024The feasibility and safety of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for treating lung nodules...
BACKGROUND
The feasibility and safety of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for treating lung nodules remain unclear.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
A total of 409 patients with lung tumors treated at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from August 2020 to May 2023 were enrolled. Perioperative data, including baseline characteristics, operation time, postoperative pain score (visual analog scale [VAS]), hospitalization expenses, postoperative complications, total hospital stay, and patient satisfaction, were observed and recorded.
RESULTS
No perioperative mortality occurred in either group and complete ablation was achieved in all patients. Patients in the ERAS group had significantly shorter hospital stays (P < 0.001), reduced operation times (P = 0.047), lower hospitalization expenses (P < 0.001), lower VAS scores (P < 0.001), and fewer complications (P = 0.047) compared with the traditional group.
CONCLUSIONS
ERAS for percutaneous CT-guided MWA (ERAA) is safe, effective, and feasible for the treatment of lung nodules.
Topics: Humans; Male; Lung Neoplasms; Female; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Enhanced Recovery After Surgery; Aged; Postoperative Complications; Length of Stay; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Treatment Outcome; Radiofrequency Ablation; Adult; Feasibility Studies; Operative Time
PubMed: 38687936
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2017_23 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2024To investigate the safety and short- and long-term efficacy of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) with parallel acupuncture for treating single hepatocellular...
Efficacy of microwave ablation with parallel acupuncture guided by ultrasound in treating single hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk areas: A retrospective analysis of 155 patients.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the safety and short- and long-term efficacy of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) with parallel acupuncture for treating single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk areas.
METHODS
Retrospective analysis was performed on 155 patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent microwave ablation in our hospital between December 2015 and September 2016. Patients with a tumor distance of ≤5 mm from the risk area were included in the observation group. Patients with a tumor distance of >5 mm from the risk area were placed in the control group. The patients' preoperative general health status, tumor site, tumor size, follow-up data, disease-free survival rate, overall survival rates, local tumor progression, and intrahepatic distant recurrence rate were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates for the observation group were 91.8%, 75.5%, and 59.2%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates for the control group were 97.2%, 84.0%, and 66.0%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.522). A tumor size of ≤20 mm (HR = 0.488, 95% CI = 0.254-0.940, P = 0.032) was an independent risk factor affecting the overall survival of patients with solitary HCC treated with MWA. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates for the observation group were 59.2%, 28.6%, and 18.4%, respectively, and those for the control group were 79.2%, 43.4%, and 31.1%, respectively. There was a statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.007). Tumor size ≤20 mm (HR = 0.468, 95% CI = 0.303-0.723, P = 0.001), tumor location in a risk area (HR = 1.662, 95% CI = 1.121-2.465, P = 0.011), and an α-fetoprotein (AFP) level of <200 ug/L (HR = 0.612, 95% CI = 0.386-0.970, P = 0.036) are independent factors affecting the recurrence-free survival of MWA treatment for HCC.
CONCLUSION
Microwave ablation with parallel acupuncture guided by ultrasound is a safe and effective treatment for single hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk areas.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Aged; Acupuncture Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Survival Rate; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Adult; Follow-Up Studies; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 38687924
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1246_23 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2024To retrospectively study the therapeutic effect and safety performance of the combination strategies of the computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) and...
Microwave ablation combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty for treating painful non-small cell lung cancer with spinal metastases under real-time temperature monitoring.
PURPOSE
To retrospectively study the therapeutic effect and safety performance of the combination strategies of the computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) and percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) as a treatment for painful non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with spinal metastases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective review included 71 patients with 109 vertebral metastases who underwent microwave ablation combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty by the image-guided and real-time temperature monitoring. Treatment efficacy was determined by comparing visual analog scale (VAS) scores, daily morphine equivalent opioid consumption, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores before treatment and during the follow-up period.
RESULTS
Technical success was achieved in all patients. The mean pre-procedure VAS score and morphine doses were 6.6 ± 1.8 (4-10) and 137.2 ± 38.7 (40-200) mg, respectively. The mean VAS scores and daily morphine doses at 24 h and 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively were 3.3 ± 1.9 and 73.5 ± 39.4 mg; 2.2 ± 1.5 and 40.2 ± 29.8 mg; 1.7 ± 1.2 and 31.3 ± 23.6 mg; 1.4 ± 1.1 and 27.3 ± 21.4 mg; and 1.3 ± 1.1 and 24.8 ± 21.0 mg, respectively (all P < 0.001). ODI scores significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Minor cement leakage occurred in 51 cases (46.8%), with one patient having a grade 3 neural injury. No local tumor progression was observed by follow-up imaging.
CONCLUSIONS
MWA combined with PVP can significantly relieve pain and improve patients' quality of life, which implied this is an effective treatment option for painful NSCLC with spinal metastases. Additionally, its efficacy should be further verified through the mid- and long-term studies.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Vertebroplasty; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Microwaves; Spinal Neoplasms; Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Combined Modality Therapy; Pain Measurement; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Adult; Cancer Pain; Aged, 80 and over; Pain Management; Follow-Up Studies
PubMed: 38687923
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1074_23