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Mycotoxin Research Jun 2024
PubMed: 38941063
DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00542-5 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition) May 2024Fungi are a large group of eukaryotic microorganisms that can readily adapt to diverse environments and occur in almost all climatic zones and continents. Although some... (Review)
Review
Fungi are a large group of eukaryotic microorganisms that can readily adapt to diverse environments and occur in almost all climatic zones and continents. Although some fungi are inevitable in the environment for the decay and recycling of organic material, many species are known to produce secondary metabolites, and these mycotoxins, when ingested with food or feed materials, can adversely affect animal and human health. Among the toxigenic fungi, species are recognized as so-called field fungi, invading crops and producing mycotoxins predominantly before harvest. produces a wide array of mycotoxins, causing different plant diseases. Fusariosis causes significant economic losses in a wide range of crops. secondary metabolites, particularly trichothecenes, are potent toxins in mammalian species and cause diverse adverse effects in humans and animals. Other prominent toxins with entirely different chemical structures are zearalenone and its derivatives and fumonisins. With an entirely different life cycle, toxins of endophytes belonging to the genus Epichloë and and comprise an animal health risk, particularly for grazing animals. This review aimed to summarize the adverse effects of selected and toxins, with a special emphasis on their occurrence in roughages and their mechanisms of action, and describe their effect on animal health and welfare and the potentially related public health risks.
Topics: Fusarium; Mycotoxins; Animals; Mycotoxicosis; Hypocreales
PubMed: 38939909
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbe1602012 -
Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods... Jun 2024Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin, a water-soluble metabolite produced by , which mainly contaminates grain and its products and is acutely toxic and potentially...
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin, a water-soluble metabolite produced by , which mainly contaminates grain and its products and is acutely toxic and potentially carcinogenic to certain domestic animals. In this work, plasma nanocomposites of FeO@Cu@CuO with magnetic and optoelectronic properties were synthesized as a sensing platform. On one hand, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of metallic Cu accelerates the electron transfer rate. On the other hand, plasma-induced resonance energy transfer of metals and semiconductors can improve the utilization efficiency of light energy. A split photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on FeO@Cu@CuO was proposed for the detection of FB1. The sensor has a wide linear range of 1.0-10 000 pg mL and a low detection limit of 0.28 pg mL (LOD, S/N = 3), which can realize the specific detection of FB1 in real samples.
PubMed: 38938173
DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00971a -
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Jun 2024Humans are exposed to a cocktail of food-related and environmental contaminants, potentially contributing to the etiology of chronic diseases. Better characterizing the...
Humans are exposed to a cocktail of food-related and environmental contaminants, potentially contributing to the etiology of chronic diseases. Better characterizing the "exposome" is a challenging task and requires broad human biomonitoring (HBM). Veterinary drugs (VDs)/antibiotics, widely used and regulated in food and animal production, however, are typically not yet included in exposomics workflows. Therefore, in this work, a previously established multianalyte liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method covering >80 diverse xenobiotics was expanded by >40 VDs/antibiotics and pesticides. It was investigated if the generic workflow allowed for the successful integration of a high number of new analytes in a proof-of-principle study. The expanded method was successfully in-house validated and specificity, matrix effects, linearity, intra- and inter-day precision, accuracy, limits of quantification, and detection were evaluated. The optimized method demonstrated satisfactory recovery (81-120%) for most of the added analytes with acceptable RSDs (<20%) at three spiking levels. The majority of VDs/antibiotics and pesticides (69%) showed matrix effects within a range of 50-140%. Moreover, sensitivity was excellent with median LODs and LOQs of 0.10 ng/mL and 0.31 ng/mL, respectively. In total, the expanded method can be used to detect and quantify more than 120 highly diverse analytes in a single analytical run. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this work represents the first targeted biomonitoring method integrating VDs with various other classes of pollutants including plasticizers, PFAS, bisphenols, mycotoxins, and personal care products. It demonstrates the potential to expand targeted multianalyte methods towards additional groups of potentially toxic chemicals.
PubMed: 38937289
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05374-x -
Food Chemistry Jun 2024Paper chip as a representative microfluidic device has been mushroomed for rapid identification of contaminants in agro-food. However, the sensitivity and accuracy have...
Paper chip as a representative microfluidic device has been mushroomed for rapid identification of contaminants in agro-food. However, the sensitivity and accuracy have still been challenged by inevitable background noise or interference in food matrix. Herein, we designed and fabricated a dual-mode paper chip (DPC) by assembling a patterned paper electrode with a platinum nanoparticles-treated colorimetric region through a flow channel. Dual-mode outputs were guided by an aptamer-gated UiO-66-NH metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). UiO-66-NH loaded with 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was controlled by a switch comprised of CdS quantum dots-aptamer. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1, a kind of carcinogenic mycotoxin) target came and induced TMB release, triggering colorimetric and ECL signals on DPC, ultra-high sensitivity with a detection limit of 7.8 fg/mL was realized. The practicability of the DPC was also confirmed by spiking AFB1 in real corn samples. This portable paper-based device provides an ideal rapid detection platform tailored for diverse food contaminants analysis.
PubMed: 38936131
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140182 -
Talanta Jun 2024Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium, poses a significant risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, the development of a highly sensitive...
Self-shedding MOF-nanocarriers modulated CdS/MoSe heterojunction activity through in-situ ion exchange: An enhanced split-type photoelectrochemical sensor for deoxynivalenol.
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium, poses a significant risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, the development of a highly sensitive and accurate detection method is essential to monitor the pollution situation. In response to this imperative, we have devised an advanced split-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for DON analysis, which leverages self-shedding MOF-nanocarriers to modulate the photoelectric response ability of PEC substrate. The PEC sensing interface was constructed using CdS/MoSe heterostructures, while the self-shedding copper peroxide nanodots@ZIF-8 (CPNs@ZIF-8) served as the Cu source for the in-situ ion exchange reaction, which generated a target-related signal reduction. The constructed PEC sensor exhibited a broad linear range of 0.1 pg mL to 500 ng mL with a low detection limit of 0.038 pg mL, demonstrating high stability, selectivity, and proactivity. This work not only introduces innovative ideas for the design of photosensitive materials, but also presents novel sensing strategies for detecting various environmental pollutants.
PubMed: 38936106
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126464 -
Mikrochimica Acta Jun 2024Proteins from different species have been docked with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and identified 3 proteins (prostaglandin-E(2)9-reductase from Oryctolagus uniculus,...
Proteins from different species have been docked with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and identified 3 proteins (prostaglandin-E(2)9-reductase from Oryctolagus uniculus, proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 and human immunoglobulin G (hIgG)) as potential candidates to develop an electrochemical sensor. Fluorescence spectroscopy experiments have confirmed the interaction of hIgG with AFB1 with an affinity constant of 4.6 × 10 M. As a proof-of-concept, hIgG was immobilized on carbon nanocomposite (carbon nanotube-nanofiber, CNT-F)-coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE). FT-IR spectra, HR-TEM and BCA assay have confirmed successful immobilization of hIgG on the electrode (hIgG@CNT-F/GCE). The preparation of this protein electrochemical sensor requires only 1 h 36 min, which is fast as compared with preparing an electro immunosensor. hIgG@CNT-F/GCE has displayed an excellent AFB1 limit of detection (0.1 ng/mL), commendable selectivity in the presence of two other mycotoxins (ochratoxin A and patulin) and the detection of AFB1 in spiked peanuts and corn samples.
Topics: Aflatoxin B1; Humans; Electrochemical Techniques; Nanotubes, Carbon; Immunoglobulin G; Limit of Detection; Proto-Oncogene Mas; Electrodes; Biosensing Techniques; Molecular Docking Simulation; Arachis
PubMed: 38935329
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06495-x -
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis Jun 2024Aflatoxin B, a major global food safety concern, is produced by toxigenic fungi during crop growing, drying, and storage, and shows increasing annual prevalence. This...
Aflatoxin B, a major global food safety concern, is produced by toxigenic fungi during crop growing, drying, and storage, and shows increasing annual prevalence. This study aimed to detect aflatoxin B in chili samples using ATR-FTIR coupled with machine learning algorithms. We found that 83.6% of the chili powder samples were contaminated with Aspergillus and Penicillium species, with aflatoxin B levels ranging from 7.63 to 44.32 μg/kg. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the fingerprint region (1800-400 cm) showed peak intensity variation in the bands at 1587, 1393, and 1038 cm, which are mostly related to aflatoxin B structure. The PCA plots from samples with different trace amounts of aflatoxin B could not be separated. Vibrational spectroscopy combined with machine learning was applied to address this issue. The logistic regression model had the best F1 score with the highest %accuracy (73%), %sensitivity (73%), and %specificity (71%), followed by random forest and support vector machine models. Although the logistic regression model contributed significant findings, this study represents a laboratory research project. Because of the peculiarities of the ATR-FTIR spectral measurements, the spectra measured for several batches may differ, necessitating running the model on multiple spectral ranges and using increased sample sizes in subsequent applications. This proposed method has the potential to provide rapid and accurate results and may be valuable in future applications regarding toxin detection in foods when simple onsite testing is required.
Topics: Capsicum; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Aflatoxin B1; Food Contamination; Aspergillus; Powders; Penicillium
PubMed: 38934688
DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3497 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Computer-aided design usually gives inspirations and has become a vital strategy to develop novel pesticides through reconstructing natural lead compounds. Patulin, an...
Computer-aided design usually gives inspirations and has become a vital strategy to develop novel pesticides through reconstructing natural lead compounds. Patulin, an unsaturated heterocyclic lactone mycotoxin, is a new natural PSII inhibitor and shows significant herbicidal activity to various weeds. However, some evidence, especially the health concern, prevents it from developing as a bioherbicide. In this work, molecular docking and toxicity risk prediction are combined to construct interaction models between the ligand and acceptor, and design and screen novel derivatives. Based on the analysis of a constructed patulin- D1 protein docking model, in total, 81 derivatives are designed and ranked according to quantitative estimates of drug-likeness (QED) values and free energies. Among the newly designed derivatives, forty-five derivatives with better affinities than patulin are screened to further evaluate their toxicology. Finally, it is indicated that four patulin derivatives, D3, D6, D34, and D67, with higher binding affinity but lower toxicity than patulin have a great potential to develop as new herbicides with improved potency.
PubMed: 38931142
DOI: 10.3390/plants13121710 -
Micromachines Jun 2024The detection of the amount of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk is crucial for food safety. Here, we utilize a fiber optic (FO) localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)...
The detection of the amount of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk is crucial for food safety. Here, we utilize a fiber optic (FO) localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor by constructing gold nanoparticle (AuNP) multimers, in which the nanogaps amplified the LSPR signal by the hot spot effect, and achieved a highly sensitive detection of f AFM1. Through the optimization of parameter conditions for the fabrication of the sensor and detection system, a high performance result from the FO LSPR biosensor was obtained, and the method for AFM1 detection was established, with a wide detection range of 0.05-100 ng/mL and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.04 ng/mL, and it has been successfully validated with the actual sample milk. Therefore, it is a good strategy to fabricate highly sensitive FO LSPR sensors for detecting AFM1 by constructing AuNP multimers, and this approach is suitable for developing other biosensors.
PubMed: 38930748
DOI: 10.3390/mi15060779