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Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition) Jun 2024Due to the constant and improper use of chemicals, including pesticides, many substances, and their degradation products can accumulate in the soil and negatively affect...
BACKGROUND
Due to the constant and improper use of chemicals, including pesticides, many substances, and their degradation products can accumulate in the soil and negatively affect its organisms.
METHODS
In this study, morphological methods, Gram-staining, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionzation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) methods were used to isolate bacteria from agricultural soils, while genetic identification was conducted using 16S rRNA. The density of bacteria was determined using the spectrophotometric method, and the residual amount of cypermethrin was determined and analyzed using Gas chromatograohy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods.
RESULTS
Nine isolates were obtained from various agricultural soils. Isolate No. 3 showed the greatest effectiveness against cypermethrin and was selected for further research. Isolate No. 3 was identified as the strain PDB-3 and was registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (GenBank: OL587509.1). Using this strain, the influence of various external factors on the degradation of cypermethrin was studied. This bacterium demonstrated 100% degradation of cypermethrin in 20 days under optimal conditions (temperature: 30 °C; optical density (OD) = 0.2; cypermethrin concentration: 80 ± 0.02 mg/kg). In addition, PDB-3 changed the original structure of cypermethrin into various intermediate metabolites, such as 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy benzeneacetonitrile, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, methyl stearate, anethol, citral, and phenol.
CONCLUSIONS
The results obtained using PDB-3 provide the basis for large-scale field trials on the bioremediation of cypermethrin-contaminated soils.
Topics: Pyrethrins; Ochrobactrum; Pesticides; Biodegradation, Environmental; Soil Microbiology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 38939915
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbe1602020 -
New Microbes and New Infections Mar 2024is recognized as a rare emerging opportunistic pathogen mostly related with bloodstream infections. In this report, we describe the first clinical case of pneumonia due...
is recognized as a rare emerging opportunistic pathogen mostly related with bloodstream infections. In this report, we describe the first clinical case of pneumonia due to The case involved a 71-year old tetraplegic man hospitalized for vertebral fractures after falling from a ladder.
PubMed: 38357689
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101224 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Nov 2023Ochrobactrum species are emerging Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacteria with low virulence. Infection with the Ochrobactrum species is commonly nosocomial and has been...
Ochrobactrum species are emerging Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacteria with low virulence. Infection with the Ochrobactrum species is commonly nosocomial and has been reported in patients with indwelling medical devices and implants. Among the species of Ochrobactrum infecting humans, Ochrobactrum anthropic and Ochrobactrum intermedium are the commonest ones. We present a case of septicemia caused by Ochrobactrum intermedium in a 75-year-old patient with lower limb cellulitis. This report describes the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and treatment of Ochrobactrum infections.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Ochrobactrum; Sepsis
PubMed: 38064389
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17185 -
Journal of Veterinary Research Sep 2023Universally, in microbiological diagnostics the detection of live bacteria is essential. Rapid identification of pathogens enables appropriate remedial measures to be...
INTRODUCTION
Universally, in microbiological diagnostics the detection of live bacteria is essential. Rapid identification of pathogens enables appropriate remedial measures to be taken. The identification of many bacteria simultaneously facilitates the determination of the characteristics of the accompanying microbiota and/or the microbiological complexity of a given environment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The effectiveness of the VITEK2 Compact automated microbial identification system and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), analytical profile index (API) and Remel RapID tests were compared in identification of bacteria isolated from the alpaca gastrointestinal tract.
RESULTS
Most isolates were Gram-positive, such as and and , , and ; ; ; ; ; , , and (the last only isolated manually by API Coryne and the VITEK2 system and (CBC) card). was misidentified by MALDI-TOF MS as (currently ). Gram-positive and Gram-variable were also isolated. Gram-negative , , and ; ; subsp. ; and ; , and ; subsp. ; ; ; ; ; and were also found. The yeasts and were also present.
CONCLUSION
MALDI-TOF MS enabled the identification of pathogens and opportunistic pathogens from the alpaca gut which may represent a high risk to human and animal health.
PubMed: 37786852
DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0051 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Oct 2023Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the...
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the oligosaccharide core and the lipid A moiety, can be strongly influenced by adaptation and modulated to assure bacteria protection, evade immune surveillance, or reduce host immune responses. Deep structural understanding of TLRs signaling is essential for the modulation of the innate immune system in sepsis control and inflammation, during bacterial infection. To advance this knowledge, we have employed computational techniques to characterize the TLR4 molecular recognition of atypical LPSs from different opportunistic members of α2-Proteobacteria, including Brucella melitensis, Ochrobactrum anthropi, and Ochrobactrum intermedium, with diverse immunostimulatory activities. We contribute to unraveling the role of uncommon lipid A chemical features such as bearing very long-chain fatty acid chains, whose presence has been rarely reported, on modulating the proper heterodimerization of the TLR4 receptor complex. Moreover, we further evaluated the influence of the different oligosaccharide cores, including sugar composition and net charge, on TLR4 activation. Our studies contribute to elucidating, from the molecular and biological perspectives, the impact of the α2-Proteobacteria LPS cores and the chemical structure of the atypical lipid A for immune system evasion in opportunistic bacteria.
Topics: Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Lipid A; Proteobacteria; Immune Evasion; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Oligosaccharides
PubMed: 37479429
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121094