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Pediatric and Developmental Pathology :... 2023Unique dental conditions in children include odontogenic cysts and tumors, hereditary dental diseases, developmental anomalies, and lesions associated with the eruption... (Review)
Review
Unique dental conditions in children include odontogenic cysts and tumors, hereditary dental diseases, developmental anomalies, and lesions associated with the eruption of the primary or permanent teeth. Many of these conditions have long lasting effects on the adult dentition in terms of affecting esthetics, function, and overall quality of life. Inherited dental syndromes affect the dental hard tissues specifically the enamel, dentin, and/or cementum in a generalized manner, involving both primary and permanent teeth. These conditions manifest in altered quality or quantity of the hard tissues, leading to fragility, tooth loss and dental diseases such as caries, periapical pathology, and periodontal disease. This category includes amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta, dentin dysplasia, hypophosphatasia, and hypophosphatemia. Developmental defects such as regional odontodysplasia are defined by involvement of the primary and permanent dentition in a localized manner, identified in early childhood. This review will elaborate on the histologic findings in these selected dental conditions with a discussion on clinical and radiographic findings, as well as molecular features wherever appropriate.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Child, Preschool; Child; Quality of Life; Tooth; Amelogenesis Imperfecta; Syndrome
PubMed: 37962547
DOI: 10.1177/10935266231207045 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Sep 2023Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare developmental abnormality of epithelial and mesenchymal dental tissues. Due to its poorly understood etiology, assessing and...
Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare developmental abnormality of epithelial and mesenchymal dental tissues. Due to its poorly understood etiology, assessing and discussing related clinical cases of this dental anomaly is crucial to guide professionals in improving its treatment and outcomes. This article aimed to report the case of a 9-year-old male patient who presented to our department with the main complaint of absent eruption of permanent left mandibular quadrant teeth. This is the first case reported in China from a patient with multiple cutaneous nevi on the face and neck, and based on the retrieved clinical and radiographic features, we described and discussed the treatment and etiology of RO.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child; Odontodysplasia; Neck; Mandible; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 37732452
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.068 -
Pediatric and Developmental Pathology :... 2023Evaluation of bone pathology within the head and neck region, particularly the gnathic bonesis is complex, demonstrating unique pathologic processes. In part, this... (Review)
Review
Evaluation of bone pathology within the head and neck region, particularly the gnathic bonesis is complex, demonstrating unique pathologic processes. In part, this variation is due to odontogenesis and the embryological cells that may be involved, which can contribute to disease development and histologic variability. As with any boney pathosis, the key is to have clinical correlation, particularly with radiographic imaging prior to establishing a definitive diagnosis. This review will cover those entities that have a predilection for the pediatric population, and while it is not all inclusive, it should serve as a foundation for the pathologist who is evaluating bony lesions involving the craniofacial skeleton.
Topics: Humans; Child; Bone and Bones; Neck; Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 37232383
DOI: 10.1177/10935266231170744 -
Oral Diseases Sep 2023This review aimed to summarize recent progress on syndromic dentin defects, promoting a better understanding of systemic diseases with dentin malformations, the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This review aimed to summarize recent progress on syndromic dentin defects, promoting a better understanding of systemic diseases with dentin malformations, the molecules involved, and related mechanisms.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
References on genetic diseases with dentin malformations were obtained from various sources, including PubMed, OMIM, NCBI, and other websites. The clinical phenotypes and genetic backgrounds of these diseases were then summarized, analyzed, and compared.
RESULTS
Over 10 systemic diseases, including osteogenesis imperfecta, hypophosphatemic rickets, vitamin D-dependent rickets, familial tumoral calcinosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia, hypophosphatasia, Elsahy-Waters syndrome, Singleton-Merten syndrome, odontochondrodysplasia, and microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II were examined. Most of these are bone disorders, and their pathogenic genes may regulate both dentin and bone development, involving extracellular matrix, cell differentiation, and metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. The phenotypes of these syndromic dentin defects various with the involved genes, part of them are similar to dentinogenesis imperfecta or dentin dysplasia, while others only present one or two types of dentin abnormalities such as discoloration, irregular enlarged or obliterated pulp and canal, or root malformation.
CONCLUSION
Some specific dentin defects associated with systemic diseases may serve as important phenotypes for dentists to diagnose. Furthermore, mechanistic studies on syndromic dentin defects may provide valuable insights into isolated dentin defects and general dentin development or mineralization.
Topics: Humans; Dentinogenesis Imperfecta; Odontodysplasia; Osteogenesis Imperfecta; Dentin; Vitamin D
PubMed: 37094075
DOI: 10.1111/odi.14589