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ACG Case Reports Journal Jun 2024Crohn's disease (CD) represents a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease and can affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus, with the...
Crohn's disease (CD) represents a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease and can affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus, with the capacity to affect extraintestinal organs. Salpingo-oophoritis is an uncommon manifestation of CD. There is only a limited number of documented case reports. We present the case of a patient with ileocolonic CD and secondary granulomatous salpingo-oophoritis. We emphasize the significance of clinical suspicion and an interdisciplinary approach as crucial factors in ensuring the effective management of the case.
PubMed: 38912374
DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001388 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Jun 2024Xanthomatous inflammation is a rare chronic inflammatory condition typically affecting organs such as the kidney and gallbladder. Its occurrence in the female genital...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Xanthomatous inflammation is a rare chronic inflammatory condition typically affecting organs such as the kidney and gallbladder. Its occurrence in the female genital tract, particularly in the ovaries and fallopian tubes, is exceptionally rare and sparsely documented.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a unique case of xanthomatous inflammation involving the fallopian tube and ovary, characterized by the presence of hobnail cells and apocrine metaplasia. This represents the first documented instance in medical literature. A 55-year-old woman presented with pelvic masses, initially raising suspicion of more common conditions such as ovarian neoplasms or tuberculosis.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
Xanthomatous salpingo-oophoritis (XSO) often presents with symptoms resembling ovarian tumors or infectious diseases, posing challenges in diagnosis. Accurate preoperative identification is essential to avoid unnecessary radical surgeries and optimize patient management.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights the importance of considering xanthomatous inflammation in the differential diagnosis of ovarian and tubal lesions, especially when typical symptoms of pelvic masses are present. Recognizing this rare inflammatory condition can prevent overtreatment and guide appropriate therapeutic strategies.
PubMed: 38908163
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109930 -
Case Reports in Women's Health Jun 2024Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis (XO) is a rare pseudotumor representing a destructive chronic inflammatory process often mistaken for malignancy or tubo-ovarian abscess....
Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis (XO) is a rare pseudotumor representing a destructive chronic inflammatory process often mistaken for malignancy or tubo-ovarian abscess. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is most commonly seen in the kidneys and gallbladder and very rarely affects the genitourinary system. Definitive treatment is with surgical removal of affected tissue. This report presents the case of a 42-year-old woman with an 8 cm complex right adnexal cyst concerning for a dermoid cyst presenting with intermittent torsion. Final pathology after right salpingo-oophorectomy demonstrated xanthogranulomatous oophoritis. This case is of clinical significance for distinguishing the condition from common benign pathology or cancer since the recommended surgical procedure is different than for a dermoid cyst or malignancy. Correct identification of the condition is crucial for appropriate treatment and to avoid unnecessary morbid procedures if the mass is mistaken for malignancy or future repeat surgery if mistaken for a dermoid cyst or other common benign condition. This case documents the presentation of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis masquerading as a dermoid cyst for a condition with very few reported cases worldwide.
PubMed: 38600914
DOI: 10.1016/j.crwh.2024.e00603 -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports Mar 2024This case report presents a unique and unprecedented occurrence of mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary accompanied by xanthogranulomatous oophoritis, a rare inflammatory...
This case report presents a unique and unprecedented occurrence of mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary accompanied by xanthogranulomatous oophoritis, a rare inflammatory condition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of its kind in the medical literature. The patient, a 25-year-old woman, presented with abdominal pain, fever, and discomfort, prompting further investigation that led to the unexpected discovery of these coexisting pathologies.
PubMed: 38495043
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae155 -
Cureus Feb 2024Xanthogranulomatous salpingo-oophoritis is an infrequent and challenging inflammatory condition of the female genital tract. It involves the destruction of the fallopian...
Xanthogranulomatous salpingo-oophoritis is an infrequent and challenging inflammatory condition of the female genital tract. It involves the destruction of the fallopian tube and ovarian tissue by infiltrating inflammatory cells comprising lipid-laden macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and multinucleated giant cells. While more commonly found in other organs like the gallbladder and kidney, its occurrence in the female genital tract is rare. We present a case of xanthogranulomatous salpingo-oophoritis in a 45-year-old woman, shedding light on its diagnostic and clinical complexities. Notably, this case features a rare histopathological finding of coexisting salpingitis isthmic nodosa (SIN) with xanthogranulomatous inflammation, adding to its uniqueness.
PubMed: 38455808
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53693 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2024Ovarian tuberculosis is a rare entity with non-specific clinical manifestations, difficult diagnosis, and specific medical management. Ovarian involvement in...
Ovarian tuberculosis is a rare entity with non-specific clinical manifestations, difficult diagnosis, and specific medical management. Ovarian involvement in tuberculosis (TB) may occur in two forms, namely, perioophoritis and oophoritis. The constitutional symptoms of tuberculosis such as anorexia, weight loss, night sweats, and evening rise in temperature have been reported in up to 45% of patients. Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis are common. A direct histopathological demonstration is the best diagnostic modality. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the study of choice and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay increases its sensitivity. The standard short-course antituberculous for 6 months is recommended for isolated ovarian tuberculosis and for widespread disease, 12 months of therapy is recommended. Surgery is reserved for failure of medical therapy and abscess formation. There are many studies on genito-urinary tuberculosis but a detailed study defining diagnostic studies and management guidelines is still lacking. This article aims to present and share a review of the English-language literature on ovarian tuberculosis to gain a better understanding of etiopathogenesis and diagnostic methods and to provide guidelines for its management.
Topics: Female; Humans; Tuberculosis; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Cytodiagnosis; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 38358181
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_6_23 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Jan 2024Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis is an uncommon form of chronic inflammation of the ovary. Its clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and gross picture can mimic an...
Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis is an uncommon form of chronic inflammation of the ovary. Its clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and gross picture can mimic an ovarian neoplasm. Hilar cells, which are morphologically difficult to distinguish from testicular Leydig cells, secrete testosterone and they are mostly seen in the ovarian hilum. They can undergo hyperplasia or can transform into a tumor. We present a case of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis with Leydig cell hyperplasia, which mimicked an ovarian neoplasm.
PubMed: 38261419
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_231_23 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2024Mumps is an acute contagious viral disease caused by paramyxovirus characterized by complications that include orchitis, oophoritis, aseptic meningitis, and spontaneous...
The High Seropositivity of Mumps Virus IgG Antibodies among School-Aged Children in Rural Areas of the Mbarali District in the Mbeya Region, Tanzania: It Is High Time for Consideration in the National Immunization Program.
Mumps is an acute contagious viral disease caused by paramyxovirus characterized by complications that include orchitis, oophoritis, aseptic meningitis, and spontaneous abortion among many others. This study reports high mumps IgG seropositivity among school-aged children in rural areas of the Mbeya region, information that might be useful in understanding the epidemiology of mumps and instituting appropriate control measures including vaccination. Between May and July 2023, a cross-sectional study involving 196 enrolled children aged 5-13 years was conducted. Sociodemographic information and other relevant information were collected using a structured data collection tool. Blood samples were collected and used to detect mumps immunoglobulin G antibodies using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A descriptive analysis was performed using STATA version 15. The median age of the enrolled children was 13 (interquartile range (IQR): 8-13) years. The seropositivity of mumps IgG antibodies was 88.8% (174/196, 95% CI: 83.5-92.5). By multivariable logistic regression analysis, history of fever (OR: 5.36, 95% CI: 1.02-28.22, = 0.047) and sharing utensils (OR: 8.05, 95% CI: 1.99-32.65, = 0.003) independently predicted mumps IgG seropositivity. More than three-quarters of school-aged children in rural areas of the Mbeya region are mumps IgG-seropositive, which is significantly associated with the sharing of utensils and history of fever. This suggests that the virus is endemic in this region, which calls for further studies across the country so as to institute evidence-based, appropriate control measures including a vaccination program.
PubMed: 38255386
DOI: 10.3390/children11010073 -
Veterinary Pathology May 2024The reemergence of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in the United Kingdom in 2021-2022 has caused unprecedented epizootic events in wild...
The reemergence of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in the United Kingdom in 2021-2022 has caused unprecedented epizootic events in wild birds and poultry. During the summer of 2022, there was a shift in virus transmission dynamics resulting in increased HPAIV infection in seabirds, and consequently, a profound impact on seabird populations. To understand the pathological impact of HPAIV in seabirds, we evaluated the virus antigen distribution and associated pathological changes in the tissues of great skua (, = 8), long-tailed skua (, = 1), European herring gull (, = 5), and black-headed gull (, = 4), which succumbed to natural infection of HPAIV during the summer of 2022. Cases were collected from Shetland, including Scatness (mainland), No Ness (mainland), Clumlie (mainland), Hermaness (island), Fair Isle (island), Noss (island), and the West Midlands, South East, and South West of England. Grossly, gizzard ulceration was observed in one great skua and pancreatic necrosis was observed in 4 herring gulls, with intralesional viral antigen detected subsequently. Microscopical analysis revealed neuro-, pneumo-, lymphoid-, and cardiomyotropism of HPAIV H5N1, with the most common virus-associated pathological changes being pancreatic and splenic necrosis. Examination of the reproductive tract of the great skua revealed HPAIV-associated oophoritis and salpingitis, and virus replication within the oviductal epithelium. The emergence of HPAIV in seabirds Stercorariidae and Laridae, particularly during summer 2022, has challenged the dogma of HPAIV dynamics, posing a significant threat to wild bird life with potential implications for the reproductive performance of seabirds of conservation importance.
Topics: Animals; Charadriiformes; Influenza in Birds; United Kingdom; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Female
PubMed: 38140946
DOI: 10.1177/03009858231217224 -
Effect of GnRH agonist (deslorelin) on reproductive activity in captive female veiled chameleons ().Veterinarni Medicina Jul 2023Eighteen 5 months old veiled chameleon females () were used in the study. Seven females received subcutaneous implants with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist...
Eighteen 5 months old veiled chameleon females () were used in the study. Seven females received subcutaneous implants with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH) deslorelin acetate whereas eleven females were used as control animals without any implants. Females were kept in five terraria, in groups of four females (in 3 terraria) and groups of three females (in 2 terraria), respectively. A minimum of one female with GnRH implants was present in each terrarium. They were kept under standard husbandry conditions. Females of both groups (females with GnRH and controls, respectively) were monitored for three years. No differences between females with GnRH implants and females without GnRH implants were observed with respect to the presence of large ovarian follicles, number of eggs/female, or number of clutches/female. GnRH implants did not prevent spontaneous reproductive activity in any of the 7 females with implants. Ovariectomy was performed in 8 females (4 females with GnRH implants and 4 control females). Ten females (3 females with GnRH implants and 7 control females) had to be euthanised. In 17 of 18 female veiled chameleons of this study histologic examination revealed heterophilic granulomatous oophoritis. The use of GnRH agonist implants did not prove to be an appropriate method for the control of reproductive function in captive female veiled chameleons.
PubMed: 37982053
DOI: 10.17221/31/2023-VETMED