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Journal of Periodontal Research Jun 2024In order to evaluate the effect of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) hydrogels containing the recombinant human amelogenin (rhAm) in vitro and in vivo.
OBJECTIVES
In order to evaluate the effect of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) hydrogels containing the recombinant human amelogenin (rhAm) in vitro and in vivo.
BACKGROUND
The ultimate goal in treating periodontal disease is to control inflammation and achieve regeneration of periodontal tissues. In recent years, methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) containing recombinant human amyloid protein (rhAm) has been widely used as a new type of biomaterial in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the periodontal regeneration effects of this hydrogel. This experiment aims to explore the application of photoresponsive recombinant human amelogenin-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogel for periodontal tissue regeneration and provide valuable insights into its potential use in this field.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The effects of rhAm-HAMA hydrogel on the proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) were assessed using the CCK-8 kit. The osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs was evaluated through ALP staining and real-time PCR. Calvarial parietal defects were created in 4-week-old Sprague Dawley rats and implanted with deproteinized bovine bone matrix in different treatment groups. The animals were euthanized after 4 and 8 weeks of healing. The bone volume of the defect was observed by micro-CT and histological analysis.
RESULTS
Stimulating hPDLCs with rhAm-HAMA hydrogel did not significantly affect their proliferation (p > .05). ALP staining and real-time PCR results demonstrated that the rhAm-HAMA group exhibited a significant upregulation of osteoclastic gene expression (p < .05). Micro-CT results revealed a significant increase in mineralized tissue volume fraction (MTV/TV%), trabecular bone number (Tb.N), and mineralized tissue density (MTD) of the bone defect area in the rhAm-HAMA group compared to the other groups (p < .05). The results of hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining at 8 weeks post-surgery further supported the results of the micro-CT.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study indicate that rhAm-HAMA hydrogel could effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs and stabilize bone substitutes in the defects that enhance the bone regeneration in vivo.
Topics: Hyaluronic Acid; Animals; Bone Regeneration; Amelogenin; Humans; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Periodontal Ligament; Rats; Hydrogels; Cell Proliferation; Cell Differentiation; Recombinant Proteins; Osteogenesis; Male; X-Ray Microtomography; Cells, Cultured; Methacrylates; Biocompatible Materials
PubMed: 38481308
DOI: 10.1111/jre.13235 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024Injuries to humans caused by wild animals, particularly bears, are rarely mentioned in the literature. Such injuries are frequent in Siberia, which is a territory...
Injuries to humans caused by wild animals, particularly bears, are rarely mentioned in the literature. Such injuries are frequent in Siberia, which is a territory surrounded by dense forests inhabited by brown bears. In the last 4 months alone (September-December 2023), four bear attacks on humans were registered in Khakassia, Russia. This article presents a clinical case of rehabilitating a patient after a bear attack, who suffered multiple fragmentary fractures of the facial skeleton with displaced bone fragments, subcutaneous emphysema of the soft tissues of the face, damage to the parietal and right occipital regions and paranasal sinus hemorrhage on the left side. The nature of the injuries was enhanced by trauma to the upper extremity caused by the patient defending himself against the animal. In addition to the damage to his face, the bear tried to open his cranium, as evidenced by four furrows caused by its canines, including two each on the frontal and occipital bones of the skull. The patient's complex treatment included both maxillofacial and reconstructive surgeries, and outpatient treatment involved the formation of normotrophic scars using a neodymium laser and injections of a heterogeneous composition consisting of microparticles of "crosslinked" collagen of animal origin placed in a gel identical to the natural extracellular matrix.
PubMed: 38470653
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050542 -
Surgical Neurology International 2024Fontanelles, membranous gaps in the infant skull, are integral for accommodating the expansion of the skull by the growing brain postnatally. The anterior fontanelle,...
BACKGROUND
Fontanelles, membranous gaps in the infant skull, are integral for accommodating the expansion of the skull by the growing brain postnatally. The anterior fontanelle, situated at the frontal-parietal bone intersection, typically closes gradually within the first two years. Fontanellar bone, an exceedingly rare ossification anomaly of the anterior fontanelle, clinically mimics craniosynostosis.
CASE DESCRIPTION
We present the case of a 22-day-old male with an almost closed anterior fontanelle who underwent evaluation. Prenatal and postnatal history were unremarkable. Physical examination revealed a well-nourished infant with a nearly closed fontanelle but no other anomalies. The initial diagnosis was craniosynostosis; however, a head computed tomography scan revealed fontanellar bone. Consequently, a conservative management approach with regular follow-ups was adopted.
CONCLUSION
This case provides valuable insights into fontanellar bone, emphasizing its consideration in differential diagnoses for almost closed anterior fontanelles. The report aims to enhance awareness and understanding of this rare condition, promoting accurate diagnosis and optimal patient outcomes.
PubMed: 38468680
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_6_2024 -
Journal of Neuroengineering and... Mar 2024Persons with a transfemoral amputation (TFA) often experience difficulties in daily-life ambulation, including an asymmetrical and less stable gait pattern and a greater...
BACKGROUND
Persons with a transfemoral amputation (TFA) often experience difficulties in daily-life ambulation, including an asymmetrical and less stable gait pattern and a greater cognitive demand of walking. However, it remains unclear whether this is effected by the prosthetic suspension, as eliminating the non-rigid prosthetic connection may influence stability and cortical activity during walking. Spatiotemporal and stability-related gait parameters, as well as cortical activity during walking, were evaluated between highly active individuals (MFC-level K3-4) with a TFA and able-bodied (AB) persons, and between persons with a bone-anchored prosthesis (BAP) and those with a socket-suspended prosthesis (SSP).
METHODS
18 AB persons and 20 persons with a unilateral TFA (10 BAP-users, 10 SSP-users) walked on a treadmill at their preferred speed. Spatiotemporal and margin of stability parameters were extracted from three-dimensional movement recordings. In addition, 126-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Brain-related activity from several cortical areas was isolated using independent component analysis. Source-level data were divided into gait cycles and subjected to time-frequency analysis to determine gait-cycle dependent modulations of cortical activity.
RESULTS
Persons with TFA walked with smaller and wider steps and with greater variability in mediolateral foot placement than AB subjects; no significant differences were found between BAP- and SSP-users. The EEG analysis yielded four cortical clusters in frontal, central (both hemispheres), and parietal areas. No statistically significant between-group differences were found in the mean power over the entire gait cycle. The event-related spectral perturbation maps revealed differences in power modulations (theta, alpha, and beta bands) between TFA and AB groups, and between BAP- and SSP-users, with largest differences observed around heel strike of either leg.
CONCLUSIONS
The anticipated differences in gait parameters in persons with TFA were confirmed, however no significant effect of the fixed suspension of a BAP was found. The preliminary EEG findings may indicate more active monitoring and control of stability in persons with TFA, which appeared to be timed differently in SSP than in BAP-users. Future studies may focus on walking tasks that challenge stability to further investigate differences related to prosthetic suspension.
Topics: Humans; Bone-Anchored Prosthesis; Amputees; Gait; Amputation, Surgical; Walking; Artificial Limbs; Biomechanical Phenomena; Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 38454427
DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01331-y -
[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal... 2024A 63-year-old man with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-matched unrelated donor. On day 17 after...
A 63-year-old man with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-matched unrelated donor. On day 17 after transplantation, chest computed tomography (CT) showed nodules in the lower lobes of both lungs, and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) was suspected. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B was started, and improvement of infectious lesions was confirmed with CT on day 28. The antifungal agent was changed to voriconazole on day 52 because of progressive renal dysfunction. Disorders of consciousness and paralysis of the left upper and lower extremities developed on day 61. Brain CT showed subcortical hemorrhage in the right parietal and occipital lobes, and the patient died on day 62. An autopsy revealed filamentous fungi, suspected to be Aspergillus, in the pulmonary nodules and a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Although IPA occurs in 10% of transplant recipients, vigilant monitoring for mycotic cerebral aneurysms is required to prevent hematogenous dissemination of Aspergillus, which is associated with a high mortality rate.
Topics: Adult; Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Intracranial Aneurysm; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Lymphoma
PubMed: 38448003
DOI: 10.11406/rinketsu.65.84 -
Neuropediatrics Jun 2024Foramina parietalia permagna (FPP) is a rare anatomical defect that affects the parietal bones of the human skull. FPP is characterized by symmetric perforations on... (Review)
Review
Foramina parietalia permagna (FPP) is a rare anatomical defect that affects the parietal bones of the human skull. FPP is characterized by symmetric perforations on either side of the skull, which are caused by insufficient ossification during embryogenesis. These openings are typically abnormally large and can range from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. Enlarged foramina are often discovered incidentally during anatomical or radiological examinations and in most cases left untreated unless symptoms develop. Although this calvarial defect is usually asymptomatic, it may be accompanied by neurological or vascular conditions that can have clinical significance in certain cases. FPP is an inherited disorder and arises due to mutations in either Msh homeobox 2 () or aristaless-like homeobox 4 () genes. In almost all cases, one parent is affected. Clinical findings and diagnostic imaging typically contribute to determine the diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Homeodomain Proteins; Haploinsufficiency; Parietal Bone; Male; Female; Skull; Transcription Factors; Encephalocele
PubMed: 38447947
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1781465 -
BMC Oral Health Mar 2024The long time required for bone uptake of radiopharmaceutical material after injection for bone scintigraphy is a burden for patients with poor health. Thus, to assess...
BACKGROUND
The long time required for bone uptake of radiopharmaceutical material after injection for bone scintigraphy is a burden for patients with poor health. Thus, to assess whether the uptake time could be reduced for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the jawbone, this study evaluated differences in maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) within patients using SPECT imaging at 2 and 3 hours after radiopharmaceutical injection.
METHODS
A total of 33 patients undergoing treatment or in post-treatment follow-up for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, who visited our hospital between July 2020 and August 2021 and could receive SPECT twice on the same day, were enrolled in the study. Patients were injected with technetium-99 m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (Tc-99 m HMDP) intravenously. The SUVmax for healthy parietal bones and jawbone lesions were calculated from the SPECT images using quantitative analysis software, and the SUVmax were compared between 2- and 3-hour uptake times.
RESULTS
After exclusion, 30 patients were included in the study. In the 2-hour and 3-hour images, the median SUVmax of the parietal bones were 1.90 and 1.81, respectively, and those of the jawbone lesions were 9.25 and 9.39, respectively. The limits of agreement (LOA) ranged from - 0.33 to 0.25 in the parietal bones, and the %LOA ranged from - 9.8 to 17.3% in the jawbone lesions, showing high equivalence between the two uptake durations. The SUVmax showed no clinical differences between the 2- and 3-hour uptake durations for Tc-99 m HMDP SPECT of the jawbone.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study justify a 2-3-hour uptake window when performing quantitative SPECT of the jawbone. Therefore, the minimum uptake time can potentially be reduced to only 2 hours.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Radiopharmaceuticals; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Diphosphonates
PubMed: 38443942
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04067-2 -
Neurology India Jan 2024Traumatic cranio-cervical junction injuries in infants are rare and require early surgical stabilization. In view of the unique anatomy of the occipitocervical junction... (Review)
Review
Traumatic cranio-cervical junction injuries in infants are rare and require early surgical stabilization. In view of the unique anatomy of the occipitocervical junction in infants, the creation of a fusion construct that is both safe and biomechanically sound is challenging. A 9-month-old male infant involved in an accident presented with weakness in both upper limbs. Imaging revealed a displaced odontoid synchondrosis fracture with combined occipitocervical and atlantoaxial dissociation. Due to the unstable nature of the injury, occiput to C2 arthrodesis using dual distal radius locking plates and autologous full-thickness parietal region calvarial bone graft was performed. Minerva jacket was applied. Computed tomography (CT) scan obtained at 12 weeks demonstrated evidence of bony fusion. Combined injuries to the occipitocervical and atlantoaxial joint in an infant can be fatal. A thorough assessment of multiple imaging modalities helps to make an early and accurate diagnosis.
Topics: Infant; Humans; Male; Spinal Fusion; Atlanto-Axial Joint; Head; Neck; Parietal Lobe
PubMed: 38443017
DOI: 10.4103/ni.ni_66_22