-
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024Understanding the recovery process of functional abilities post-COVID-19 in older inpatients with arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease is important for...
Understanding the recovery process of functional abilities post-COVID-19 in older inpatients with arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease is important for optimising healthcare delivery and resources. Participants in this study were individuals undergoing hospital-based rehabilitation following COVID-19 (average age 66, n=183). They were categorised into groups with arterial hypertension (n=92), ischemic heart disease (n=18), both conditions (n=38), and a control group without these diseases (n=35). Functional abilities were assessed via the distance walked until signs of exhaustion (meters), handgrip strength (kilograms), and breath-holding time (seconds). Multiple regression analysis revealed that inpatients with arterial hypertension walked shorter distances (β=-19,183; p=0,050) but showed higher handgrip strength (β=3,735; p=0,025) compared to the control group. Post-rehabilitation, inpatients with hypertension demonstrated greater performance (β=40,435, p=0,024) and better improvement rates (β=47,337; p=0,016) in walked distance than those in the control group. Significant interaction effects between groups and pre-/post-rehabilitation changes were observed only for walking distance (β=34,74; p=0,02), with no significant interactions found for other measures. The findings indicate that older inpatients with arterial hypertension may experience comparable or enhanced recovery of functional abilities post-COVID-19. The presence of ischemic heart disease, alone or combined with hypertension, does not significantly impair rehabilitation outcomes compared to those without such conditions.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Male; Female; Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Hypertension; Recovery of Function; Hand Strength; SARS-CoV-2; Middle Aged; Inpatients
PubMed: 38944782
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024This review presents data from the literature on the characteristics of the course of chronic kidney disease from the perspective of the geriatric patient. Chronic... (Review)
Review
This review presents data from the literature on the characteristics of the course of chronic kidney disease from the perspective of the geriatric patient. Chronic kidney disease and progression of renal failure is a prototype model of premature and accelerated aging. Many authors have stated that a better mechanistic understanding of the phenomenon of premature aging, early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, and a geriatric approach to the patient can improve the effectiveness of management and prolongation of life in this category of patients. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is one of the most important tools used by geriatricians and their teams to globally assess elderly patients and plan effective interventions. It is concluded that the use of comprehensive geriatric assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease may improve the clinical status of patients and allow selection of patients who may benefit most from renal replacement therapy compared to a conservative approach. And even in the early stages of chronic kidney disease, a comprehensive geriatric assessment may be useful in formulating a complete intervention plan and optimizing quality of life, autonomy, and prognosis. However, despite recognition of the importance of comprehensive geriatric assessment, the means to implement this tool in nephrology departments have not been developed and require special training programs and appropriate skills. It is concluded that much more needs to be done to realize the continuity of nephrologists and geriatricians in the provision of meaningful skilled care to older patients with chronic kidney disease.
Topics: Humans; Geriatric Assessment; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Aged; Quality of Life; Aging; Disease Progression; Aging, Premature; Prognosis
PubMed: 38944781
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024After cholecystectomy, elderly patients require special attention, due to the influence of involution processes in the body on the formation of complications. To...
After cholecystectomy, elderly patients require special attention, due to the influence of involution processes in the body on the formation of complications. To identify prognostic criteria for the formation of fatty liver degeneration in the long-term period of minimally invasive cholecystectomy, 159 men were examined. Dysregulation of the biliary tract was determined using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, elastography and magnetic resonance imaging of the liver. Microbial markers of the wall microbiome of the intestine were determined using chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relationship between an increase in body mass index and a decrease in the amount of obligate microbiome (r=-0,43, p<0,050), as well as with the formation of fatty liver degeneration in elderly patients, was revealed. The features of vegetative regulation in elderly people with fatty liver degeneration have been determined. It has been proven that in old age, a decrease in the number of obligate anaerobic association of microorganisms of the small intestine (on average from 15 659 to 7 630 in persons of the 2nd age subgroup and from 1 457 to 17 837 in the 3rd) is a predictor of fatty liver degeneration. The prognostic algorithm developed on the basis of the analysis of highly informative signs makes it possible to identify with an accuracy of at least 75% a high risk of fatty liver degeneration in the long-term period of cholecystectomy.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Prognosis; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Postoperative Complications; Body Mass Index; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance; Risk Factors; Elasticity Imaging Techniques; Middle Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Liver
PubMed: 38944780
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024The significant prevalence of periodontal diseases in elderly patients makes the research relevant. By now, the issues of complex clinical and radiological semiotics of...
The significant prevalence of periodontal diseases in elderly patients makes the research relevant. By now, the issues of complex clinical and radiological semiotics of generalized periodontitis using high-tech research methods is not sufficiently studied. The research addressed the clinical picture and three-dimensional computed tomographic semiotics of severe chronic generalized periodontitis focusing 25 elderly patients with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. It verified the necessity to use an organ-oriented program of multiplanar (volumetric) cone-beam computed tomography coupled with the analysis of the research results, as well as a mandatory analysis of densitometry indicators of the jaw bone tissue in diagnostically significant periodontal zones.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Female; Male; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Chronic Periodontitis; Periodontal Diseases; Middle Aged; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Aged, 80 and over; Bone Density
PubMed: 38944779
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024A review of the use of comprehensive geriatric assessment and its components in oncology is introduced. The evidence base for the increasing incidence of cancer in the... (Review)
Review
A review of the use of comprehensive geriatric assessment and its components in oncology is introduced. The evidence base for the increasing incidence of cancer in the elderly worldwide also presented. The management of older adults with cancer is challenging. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) has been shown by many authors to be a strong predictor of adverse events in geriatric oncology patients. CGA is recommended in oncology practice for many reasons: to identify health problems not usually detected in routine oncologic screening, to perform non-oncologic interventions, and to modify the cancer treatment plan. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is the gold standard in geriatric oncology for identifying patients at high risk for adverse outcomes and optimizing cancer treatment and overall management. Nevertheless, it can be stated that the final point in the search for evidence-based and effective frailty assessment tools in the practice of geriatric oncology has not yet been reached. It is concluded that the development of new scales and index scores, as well as the application of the CGA model in general, can provide adequate care for elderly cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Geriatric Assessment; Aged; Neoplasms; Medical Oncology; Frailty; Frail Elderly; Geriatrics
PubMed: 38944778
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024One of the most difficult tasks in medical practice is pharmacotherapy in elderly and senile patients. The complexity of pharmacotherapy in elderly patients is due to... (Review)
Review
One of the most difficult tasks in medical practice is pharmacotherapy in elderly and senile patients. The complexity of pharmacotherapy in elderly patients is due to age-related physiological changes, high frequency of multimorbidity. The age of patients no longer precludes surgical intervention, and surgical procedures are often performed on elderly patients with complex comorbidities. Over the past 15 years, the number of emergency hospitalizations has increased significantly worldwide.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Geriatric Assessment; Frail Elderly; Frailty; Syndrome; Hospitalization; Aged, 80 and over; Comorbidity; Multimorbidity
PubMed: 38944777
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024A study was conducted to investigate the associations of the diseases of the organ of vision and its accessory apparatus with anxiety and depression in the elderly...
A study was conducted to investigate the associations of the diseases of the organ of vision and its accessory apparatus with anxiety and depression in the elderly people. The study included 678 participants of the ESSE-RF3 population study in the Arkhangelsk region in the age of 60-74 years. We used a questionnaire, including the hospital scale of anxiety and depression score (HADS), and the assessment of the ophthalmological status. It was found that all the study participants had diseases of the visual organ. Elevated depression scores were associated with sex, age, marital status (being single), and disability, elevated anxiety scores - with sex. The scores on the anxiety scale were on average 25% higher in participants whose visual acuity decreased to 0,5 units, and showed no independent associations with diagnosed ophthalmological diseases. The scores on the depression scale were on average 33% higher in participants with visual acuity 0,5 units, and 22% higher in the presence of retinopathy. In conclusion, anxiety and depression in the elderly people were more associated with visual deficits rather than with the presence of ophthalmological diseases underlying a decrease in functional status.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Aged; Middle Aged; Russia; Anxiety; Visual Acuity; Depression; Eye Diseases; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 38944776
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024From the age of 25-30, the likelihood of developing pathological processes associated with aging begins to increase. Age-associated diseases (AAD) are a heterogeneous...
From the age of 25-30, the likelihood of developing pathological processes associated with aging begins to increase. Age-associated diseases (AAD) are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that are more likely to develop as they age. Clinically, the early development of AAD is identical to premature aging with all the ensuing consequences. Timely targeted detection of AAD will slow down age-related processes. In order to study the peculiarities of age-related morbidity (by circulation), age-associated pathology, the study included 5 600 people with a newly diagnosed diagnosis who applied to the municipal polyclinic of St. Petersburg in 2017-2023. During the study, heterogeneity of the timing of the manifestation of AAD at the population level was found. In addition, the median age of patients was comparable to the value of the developed age-specific incidence index, which serves as a basis for continuing research in order to comprehensively assess the properties and limitations of the considered indicator.
Topics: Humans; Russia; Incidence; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Adult; Aged; Aging; Age Factors; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38944775
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024The foundation of healthy aging is the prevention of disability. In modern medical usage, a syndrome refers to a collection of symptoms and signs with a single... (Review)
Review
The foundation of healthy aging is the prevention of disability. In modern medical usage, a syndrome refers to a collection of symptoms and signs with a single underlying cause that may not yet be known. Geriatric syndromes, on the other hand, refer to multifactorial health conditions and occur when the accumulated effects of impairments in multiple systems make an older person vulnerable to situational changes. The use of the term "syndrome" in geriatrics emphasizes the multiple causes of a single manifestation involving an abundance of factors involving multiple organs and systems and is characterized by unique features of common health problems in older adults. It is the geriatric syndromes that can have a significant impact on quality of life and disability. Therefore, early detection of these medical conditions using targeted geriatric assessment is essential in geriatrics. Understanding the essence and feminology of geriatric syndromes, their correct positioning and interpretation is an extremely urgent problem. The main purpose of the presented review is precisely to try to answer these questions. In addition, it has not yet been determined whether geriatric syndromes should be included in the diagnosis (the only exception is sarcopenia syndrome, which was officially included in the 10th International Classification of Diseases in 2016).
Topics: Humans; Aged; Terminology as Topic; Geriatric Assessment; Syndrome; Quality of Life; Geriatrics; Sarcopenia; Aging
PubMed: 38944774
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis the effectiveness of microsurgical discectomy and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
[Comparative analysis of the results of microdiscectomy and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of adjacent-level intervertebral disc herniations with lumbosacral transitional vertebra in elderly patients.].
The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis the effectiveness of microsurgical discectomy and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of disk herniation adjacent to the anomaly of the lumbosacral junction segment in elderly patients. The study included 80 elderly patients (over 60 years old), divided into two groups: the 1st-(n=39) who underwent microsurgical discectomy; the 2nd- patients (n=41) operated on using minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion and percutaneous transpedicular stabilization (MI-TLIF). For the comparative analysis, we used gender characteristics (gender, age), constitutional characteristics (BMI), degree of physical status according to ASA, intraoperative parameters of interventions and the specificity of postoperative patient management, clinical data, and the presence of complications. Long-term outcomes were assessed at a minimum follow-up of 3 years. As a result, it was found that the use of MI-TLIF allows achieving better long-term clinical outcomes, fewer major complications in comparison with the microsurgical discectomy technique in the treatment of disc herniation adjacent to the anomaly of the lumbosacral junction segment in elderly patients.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Spinal Fusion; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Diskectomy; Aged; Lumbar Vertebrae; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Microsurgery; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 38944773
DOI: No ID Found