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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the thermodynamic properties of 3-and 4-ethoxyacetanilides. The heat capacities in crystalline, liquid, and supercooled...
In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the thermodynamic properties of 3-and 4-ethoxyacetanilides. The heat capacities in crystalline, liquid, and supercooled liquid states from 80 to 475 K were obtained using adiabatic, differential scanning (DSC), and fast scanning (FSC) calorimetries. The fusion enthalpies at were combined from DSC measurement results and the literature data. The fusion enthalpies at 298.15 K were evaluated in two independent ways: adjusted according to Kirchhoff's law of thermochemistry, and using Hess' law. For the latter approach, the enthalpies of the solution in DMF in crystalline and supercooled liquid states were derived. The values obtained by the two methods are consistent with each other. The standard thermodynamic functions (entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs energy) between 80 and 470 K were calculated.
PubMed: 37894506
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207027 -
Microorganisms Jul 2023Phenacetin, an antipyretic and analgesic drug, poses a serious health risk to both humans and aquatic organisms, which is of concern since this micropollutant is...
Phenacetin, an antipyretic and analgesic drug, poses a serious health risk to both humans and aquatic organisms, which is of concern since this micropollutant is frequently detected in various aquatic environments. However, rare pure bacterial cultures have been reported to degrade phenacetin. Therefore, in this study, the novel phenacetin-degrading strain PNT-23 was isolated from municipal wastewater and identified as a sp. based on its morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolated strain could completely degrade 100 mg/L phenacetin at an inoculum concentration of OD 1.5 within 80 h, utilizing the micropollutant as its sole carbon source for growth. Strain PNT-23 exhibited optimal growth in LB medium at 37 °C and a pH of 7.0 with 1% NaCl, while the optimal degradation conditions in minimal medium were 30 °C and a pH of 7.0 with 1% NaCl. Two key intermediates were identified during phenacetin biodegradation by the strain PNT-23: N-acetyl-4-aminophenol and 4-aminophenol. This study provides novel insights into the biodegradation of phenacetin using a pure bacterium culture, expands the known substrate spectra of strains and presents a potential new candidate for the microbial removal of phenacetin in a diverse range of environments.
PubMed: 37630522
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081962 -
Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition Oct 2023Suberosin is a natural phytoconstituent isolated from Citropsis articulata, especially employed for its anticoagulant properties. Although metabolic studies assessing...
Suberosin is a natural phytoconstituent isolated from Citropsis articulata, especially employed for its anticoagulant properties. Although metabolic studies assessing suberosin have been conducted, it is possible interactions with drugs and food have not yet been investigated. In the present study, we analyzed the selective inhibitory effects of suberosin on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes using a cocktail probe assay. Various concentrations of suberosin (0-50 μM) were incubated with isoform-specific CYP probes in human liver microsomes (HLMs). We found that suberosin significantly inhibited CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylation, exhibiting IC values of 9.39 ± 2.05 and 3.07 ± 0.45 μM with and without preincubation in the presence of β-NADPH, respectively. Moreover, suberosin showed concentration-dependent, but not time-dependent, CYP1A2 inhibition in HLMs, indicating that suberosin acts as a substrate and reversible CYP1A2 inhibitor. Using a Lineweaver-Burk plot, we found that suberosin competitively inhibited CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylation. Furthermore, suberosin showed similar inhibitory effects on recombinant human CYP1A1 and 1A2. In conclusion, suberosin may elicit herb-drug interactions by selectively inhibiting CYP1A2 during the concurrent administration of drugs that act as CYP1A2 substrates.
Topics: Humans; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Microsomes, Liver; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Phenacetin; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
PubMed: 37448189
DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2370 -
The Science of the Total Environment Aug 2023An untargeted study of multiclass contaminants associated with microplastics (MPs) in the East Mediterranean was carried out. Samples were collected in 2020-2021 from...
An untargeted study of multiclass contaminants associated with microplastics (MPs) in the East Mediterranean was carried out. Samples were collected in 2020-2021 from the shoreline at 14 different locations, along the Lebanese coast. Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) FTIR spectroscopy showed the predominant presence of polyethylene and polypropylene among plastic debris. The non-polar and polar organic compounds sorbed on the MPs were identified and quantified by GC - TOF MS and LC - electrospray MS/MS, respectively. Deconvolution of accurate GC-MS scan data allowed the identification of >130 organic pollutants, 64 of which could be confirmed by matching with the authentic standards, among which a number of previously unreported in targeted GC-MS(MS) methods. In addition to highly toxic, legacy chlorinated pollutants, high levels (average values from 0.8 to 4.0 μg g) of some musks, UV filters and UV absorbers were detected. Untargeted LC-MS demonstrated the persistence of several pesticides (i.e., chlorpyrifos) and pharmaceuticals, such as phenacetin and minoxidil, which were quantified. In addition, a study of metals associated with microplastics using ICP-MS confirmed the high potential of microplastics to act as a vector of, among others, toxic metals, such as Cd, Pb, Bi or Hg.
Topics: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Microplastics; Plastics; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Metals; Spectrum Analysis; Environmental Pollutants; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 37172849
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164111