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Biodiversity Data Journal 2024The investigation of Agaricales diversity in the Antarctica is limited, with only seven genera reported for the region. stands out as the genus with the highest species...
BACKGROUND
The investigation of Agaricales diversity in the Antarctica is limited, with only seven genera reported for the region. stands out as the genus with the highest species diversity, including 12 species in Antarctica. This research reports the presence of in the region, providing the first complete morphological description for the specimen developing in Antarctica. Sampling was conducted during the Austral summer of 2022/2023 as part of the XLI Brazilian Antarctic Operation in Point Smellie, Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, South Shetland Archipelago, Antarctica. Phylogenetic relationships reconstructed by Maximum Likelihood demonstrate that forms a monophyletic clade with over 60% bootstrap support in most branches. The isolate in this study was found to be internal to the main cluster. Evolutionary reconstructions using the Maximum Likelihood method indicate that the branches correspond to the Antarctic isolate being an internal clade within the group. Recording fungal populations in polar regions offers information about their adaptation and survival in inhospitable environments. Understanding the species' distribution in Antarctica encourages future investigations into its ecology and interactions with other organisms. Here, data are presented to establish an initial foundation for monitoring the population in Antarctica and assessing the potential impacts of climate change on its development and survival in the forthcoming years.
NEW INFORMATION
We report the third occurrence of (Batsch) Kühner in Antarctica and provide, for the first time, a comprehensive morphological description of an individual of the species for the Antarctic continent, accompanied by phylogenetic analyses and comprehensive discussions regarding its diversity and global distribution.
PubMed: 38948134
DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e125727 -
Theranostics 2024The repair of osteoporotic bone defects remains challenging due to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), persistent inflammation, and an imbalance between...
The repair of osteoporotic bone defects remains challenging due to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), persistent inflammation, and an imbalance between osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Here, an injectable H-releasing hydrogel (magnesium@polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), Mg@PEG-PLGA) was developed to remodel the challenging bone environment and accelerate the repair of osteoporotic bone defects. This Mg@PEG-PLGA gel shows excellent injectability, shape adaptability, and phase-transition ability, can fill irregular bone defect areas via minimally invasive injection, and can transform into a porous scaffold to provide mechanical support. With the appropriate release of H and magnesium ions, the 2Mg@PEG-PLGA gel (loaded with 2 mg of Mg) displayed significant immunomodulatory effects through reducing intracellular ROS, guiding macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, and inhibiting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, experiments showed that the 2Mg@PEG-PLGA gel inhibited osteoclastogenesis while promoting osteogenesis. Most notably, in animal experiments, the 2Mg@PEG-PLGA gel significantly promoted the repair of osteoporotic bone defects by scavenging ROS and inhibiting inflammation and osteoclastogenesis. Overall, our study provides critical insight into the design and development of H-releasing magnesium-based hydrogels as potential implants for repairing osteoporotic bone defects.
Topics: Animals; Magnesium; Reactive Oxygen Species; Mice; Polyethylene Glycols; Hydrogels; Osteoporosis; Osteogenesis; Hydrogen; RAW 264.7 Cells; Bone Regeneration; Immunomodulation; Tissue Scaffolds; Macrophages; Polyesters
PubMed: 38948054
DOI: 10.7150/thno.97412 -
Chemistry of Materials : a Publication... Jun 2024Phase-pure polycrystalline BaRuMnO was prepared and determined to adopt the noncentrosymmetric polar crystal structure (space group 2) based on results of second...
Phase-pure polycrystalline BaRuMnO was prepared and determined to adopt the noncentrosymmetric polar crystal structure (space group 2) based on results of second harmonic generation, convergent beam electron diffraction, and Rietveld refinements using powder neutron diffraction data. The crystal structure features zigzag chains of corner-shared trimers, which contain three distorted face-sharing octahedra. The three metal sites in the trimers are occupied by disordered Ru/Mn with three different ratios: Ru1:Mn1 = 0.202(8):0.798(8), Ru2:Mn2 = 0.27(1):0.73(1), and Ru3:Mn3 = 0.40(1):0.60(1), successfully lowering the symmetry and inducing the polar crystal structure from the centrosymmetric parent compounds BaTO (T = Mn, Ru; space group ). The valence state of Ru/Mn is confirmed to be +4 according to X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. BaRuMnO is a narrow bandgap (∼0.6 eV) semiconductor exhibiting spin-glass behavior with strong magnetic frustration and antiferromagnetic interactions.
PubMed: 38947978
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00586 -
Cureus May 2024Leprosy is a chronic infection of the skin, eyes, and peripheral nerves due to the slow-growing, acid-fast bacillus . Devastating complications include Charcot...
Leprosy is a chronic infection of the skin, eyes, and peripheral nerves due to the slow-growing, acid-fast bacillus . Devastating complications include Charcot neuroarthropathy and insensate hands and feet. We present the case of an 81-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis and 50 years of polar lepromatous leprosy who suffered from bilateral collapsed arches, flat feet, and bone deformities of Charcot feet.
PubMed: 38947585
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61362 -
IScience Jun 2024Drug efflux transporters are a major determinant of drug efficacy and toxicity. A canonical example is P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter that controls the...
Drug efflux transporters are a major determinant of drug efficacy and toxicity. A canonical example is P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter that controls the intestinal absorption of diverse compounds. Despite a rich literature on the dietary and pharmaceutical compounds that impact P-gp activity, its sensitivity to gut microbial metabolites remains an open question. Surprisingly, we found that the cardiac drug-metabolizing gut Actinobacterium increases drug absorption in mice. Experiments in cell culture revealed that produces a soluble factor that post-translationally inhibits P-gp ATPase efflux activity. P-gp inhibition is conserved in the family but absent in other Actinobacteria. Comparative genomics identified genes associated with P-gp inhibition. Finally, activity-guided biochemical fractionation coupled to metabolomics implicated a group of small polar metabolites with P-gp inhibitory activity. These results highlight the importance of considering the broader relevance of the gut microbiome for drug disposition beyond first-pass metabolism.
PubMed: 38947502
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110122 -
Heliyon Jun 2024In this article, a dual-mode, dual-polarized antenna designed using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is described. An elliptical-shaped patch radiator is chosen with...
In this article, a dual-mode, dual-polarized antenna designed using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is described. An elliptical-shaped patch radiator is chosen with double slits on its minor axis. This design is based on mode separation from the circular patch into the elliptical patch. The suggested antenna geometry has a footprint of 60 mm × 60 mm × 1.6 mm. To design and fabricate the antenna, an FR-4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.3 is used, along with copper sheets 0.035 mm thick for the ground plane and the radiating plane. The circular patch has the resonating mode at 1.8 GHz, whereas the elliptical radiator gives different resonant modes at 1.8 GHz and 3.5 GHz. An orthogonal mode is excited with a 50-Ω coaxial feed line at 3.5 GHz by applying a full-wave approach. The antenna gives a -10dB bandwidth of 51 MHz (1.77-1.82 GHz) centered at 1.8 GHz and a bandwidth of 210 MHz (3.37-3.58 GHz) centered at 3.5 GHz. The working principle is explained through modal analysis and characteristic angles. This dual-band antenna covers a 1.8 GHz GSM band with horizontal polarization and a 3.5 GHz 5G service with vertical polarization. Peak gain attained with these bands is 5.9 dBi and 7.1 dBi, respectively. A CST full-wave simulator is used for the simulations. As a result of the antenna, radiation is stable and enhanced. Compared to measured results, simulation results are close to reality. The characteristic mode analysis (CMA) provides an in-depth look into different operating modes on the antenna in contrast with the conventional method, which relies on the simulated current distribution to verify functionality.
PubMed: 38947453
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32217 -
ACS Central Science Jun 20241,4-cis-Disubstituted cyclic compounds play a pivotal role in pharmaceutical development, offering enhanced potency and bioavailability. However, their stereoselective...
1,4-cis-Disubstituted cyclic compounds play a pivotal role in pharmaceutical development, offering enhanced potency and bioavailability. However, their stereoselective and modular synthesis remains a long-standing challenge. Here, we report an innovative strategy for accessing these structures via mild conditions employing cyclic 1,3-dienes/alkyl(aryl)halides and amines. This procedure exhibits a wide substrate scope that tolerates various functional groups. The utility of this method is demonstrated in the efficient synthesis of a TRPV6 inhibitor, CFTR modulator, and other bioactive molecules. Combined experimental and computational studies suggest that the hybrid palladium-catalyzed radical-polar crossover mechanism is crucial for achieving exceptional 1,4-syn-addition selectivity (dr > 20:1).
PubMed: 38947211
DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00094 -
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Jun 2024: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition classified into chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal...
: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition classified into chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Th cells manage inflammatory cells in CRS. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) proteins regulate Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in Th cells by polarizing toward Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. This study evaluated the levels of SOCS1,3,5 in CRS patients to find associations with Th cells. : In this cross-sectional study, 20 CRSwNP patients, 12 CRSsNP patients, and 12 controls participated. The infiltration of CD4 T cells was determined using immunohistochemistry. The expression of specific transcription factors and SOCS proteins was assessed using real-time PCR. Cytokine levels were evaluated using ELISA. SOCS protein levels were investigated using western blot analysis. : The expression of SOCS3 increased in the CRSwNP group compared to CRSsNP and control groups ( <0.001). SOCS3 protein levels increased in the CRSwNP group compared to CRSsNP ( <0.05) and control ( <0.001) groups. Although there was a significant difference in SOCS5 expression between CRSsNP and control groups, SOCS5 protein levels were significantly different between CRSsNP and control ( <0.001) and CRSwNP ( <0.05) groups. : Targeted therapies may be suggested for CRS by modulating SOCS3 and SOCS5 proteins that are responsible for polarization of Th cells toward Th2 or Th1 cells, respectively. JAK-STAT pathway targeting, which encompasses numerous cells, can be limited to SOCS proteins to more effectively orchestrate Th cell differentiation.
Topics: Humans; Sinusitis; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; Chronic Disease; Male; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; Rhinitis; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nasal Polyps; Cytokines; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein; Signal Transduction; Rhinosinusitis
PubMed: 38947108
DOI: 10.59249/HZFN2950 -
RSC Advances Jun 2024Copper-Vit B MOF was successfully prepared by efficient and eco hydrothermal method. The prepared MOF was characterized as a tetragonal crystal copper-MOF nanoparticles...
Copper-Vit B MOF was successfully prepared by efficient and eco hydrothermal method. The prepared MOF was characterized as a tetragonal crystal copper-MOF nanoparticles by FTIR, SEM, TEM, EDX and XRD. The prepared nanoparticles were used as an effective, inexpensive and low-toxic catalyst in the one-pot synthesis of some new benzoxanthenone derivatives. As example 4-(9,9-dimethyl-11-oxo-8,10,11,12-tetrahydro-9-benzo[]xanthen-12-yl)phenyl benzoate (4h) was synthesized in high yield 92%. The MOF catalyst's role is activating the nucleophilic attack by increasing the carbonyl polarization, and this generally improves the reaction time, which ranges between 20-60 minutes and products' yields ranging between 80-92%. Prepared compounds (4a-4j) undergo molecular docking scanning as type II dehydroquinase inhibitors, and the data obtained showed that there are three promises of the prepared compounds 4d, 4e, 4h and 4j compared with amoxicillin.
PubMed: 38946771
DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03468f -
Andrology Jul 2024Cardiovascular disease induces erectile dysfunction modulated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase enzyme and an impaired ejection fraction that restricts penis vascular...
Erectile dysfunction in cardiovascular patients: A prospective study of the eNOS gene T-786C, G894T, and INTRON variable number of the tandem repeat functional interaction.
BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease induces erectile dysfunction modulated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase enzyme and an impaired ejection fraction that restricts penis vascular congestion. However, the mechanisms regulating endothelial dysfunction are not understood.
OBJECTIVES
Exploring the functional impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphisms on erectile dysfunction and drug therapy optimization in high-risk cardiovascular disease patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with erectile dysfunction symptoms and candidates for andrology therapy were included (n = 112). Clinical data and endothelial nitric oxide synthase rs1799983 (G894T) and rs2070744 (T-786C), genotyped by fluorescence polarization assays, were registered. The 27-bp variable number of the tandem repeat polymorphism in intron 4 (intron4b/a) was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Association analyses were run with the R-3.2.0 software.
RESULTS
A significant association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase 786-TT (p = 0.005) and the aa/ac of intron 4 variable number of the tandem repeat (p = 0.02) with higher erectile dysfunction susceptibility was observed in cardiovascular disease patients (60 ± 9 years, 66% severe erectile dysfunction, 56% ejection fraction). After 3-months of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, erectile dysfunction (International Index of Erectile Function, 50 ± 16 scores, the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function 21 ± 10 scores, p < 0.001) and sexual quality of life (modified Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire 55 ± 23 scores, p < 0.001) had significantly improved. The cardiovascular ejection fraction was influenced positively with better sexual quality of life (0.1941), and also in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase G894-T allele (p = 0.076) carriers, which could merit future analyses. Erectile dysfunction was present as the primary clinical manifestation in 62% of cases, with cardiovascular disease occurring concurrently. Only former smokers and obese subjects debuted prior to cardiovascular disease than to erectile dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study provides comprehensive insights into the functional interaction linking endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms, erectile function, and ejection fraction in high-risk cardiovascular disease patients. Future therapeutic strategies could target endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity by including lifestyle changes and epigenetic modulations.
PubMed: 38946584
DOI: 10.1111/andr.13671