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Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII Jul 2024Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown promising results in hematologic malignancies, but its effectiveness in solid cancers remains challenging....
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown promising results in hematologic malignancies, but its effectiveness in solid cancers remains challenging. Macrophages are immune cells residing within the tumor microenvironment. They can phagocytose tumor cells. Recently, CAR macrophages (CAR-M) have been a promising candidate for treating solid cancers. One of the common cancer antigens overexpressed in various types of cancer is CD147. CAR-T and NK cells targeting CD147 antigen have shown significant efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, CAR-M targeting the CD147 molecule has not been investigated. In this study, we generated CAR targeting the CD147 molecule using the THP-1 monocytic cell line (CD147 CAR-M). The CD147 CAR-M exhibited typical macrophage characteristics, including phagocytosis of zymosan bioparticles and polarization ability toward M1 and M2 phenotypes. Furthermore, the CD147 CAR-M demonstrated enhanced anti-tumor activity against K562 and MDA-MB-231 cells without exhibiting off-target cytotoxicity against normal cells. Our research provides valuable insights into the potential of CD147 CAR-M as a promising platform for cancer immunotherapy, with applications in both hematologic malignancies and solid cancers.
Topics: Humans; Phagocytosis; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen; Macrophages; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Basigin; Neoplasms; Mice; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 38954079
DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03759-6 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Jul 2024A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, aerobic bacterium, designated as strain TK19101, was isolated from the intermediate seawater of yellow vent in the shallow-sea...
A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, aerobic bacterium, designated as strain TK19101, was isolated from the intermediate seawater of yellow vent in the shallow-sea hydrothermal system located near Kueishantao Island. The strain was found to grow at 10-40 °C (optimum, 35 °C), at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, 7.0), and in 0-5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1%). Strain TK19101 was catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. The predominant fatty acids (> 10%) in strain TK19101 cells were C, summed feature 8 (C ω6c and/or C ω7c), and C. The predominant isoprenoid quinone of strain TK19101 was ubiquinone-10. The polar lipids of strain TK19101 comprised phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipid, and unknown polar lipid. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TK19101 belonged to the genus Mesobacterium. Strain TK19101 exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value to Mesobacterium pallidum MCCC M24557 (97.48%). The estimated average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain TK19101 and the closest related species Mesobacterium pallidum MCCC M24557 were 74.88% and 20.30%, respectively. The DNA G + C content was 63.49 mol%. On the basis of the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, genotypic and phylogenetic data, strain TK19101 has a unique phylogenetic status and represents a novel species of genus Mesobacterium, for which the name Mesobacterium hydrothermale sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TK19101 (= MCCC 1K08936 = KCTC 8354).
Topics: Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Hydrothermal Vents; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Seawater; Base Composition; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Islands; Phospholipids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; China
PubMed: 38954062
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01994-6 -
Current Microbiology Jul 2024Two Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, motile bacterial strains, designated F26243 and F60267 were isolated from coastal sediment in Weihai, China....
Two Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, motile bacterial strains, designated F26243 and F60267 were isolated from coastal sediment in Weihai, China. Strains F26243 and F60267 were grown at 4-40 °C (optimum 33 °C), pH 7.0-9.5 and pH 6.5-9.5 (optimum at pH 7.0), in the presence of 1.0-7.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.5%) and 1.0-12.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.0%), respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequences phylogenetic analysis showed that strains F26243 and F60267 are closely related to the genus Marinobacter and exhibited the highest sequence similarities to Marinobacter salexigens HJR7 (97.7% and 98.0%, respectively), the similarity between two isolates was 96.7%. Strains F26243 and F60267 displayed genomic DNA G + C content of 53.6% and 53.8%, respectively. When compared to the M. salexigens HJR7, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) values were 83.7% and 84.1%, and the percentage of conserved proteins (POCP) values were 79.9% and 84.6%, respectively. Ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) was the only respiratory quinone detected in both isolates. The major cellular fatty acids (> 10.0%) were summed feature 3 (comprising Cω7c and/or Cω6c), C and Cω9c. The polar lipid profiles of strains F26243 and F60267 contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminophospholipid and one unidentified phospholipid. Based on genomic characteristics, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic, strains F26243 and F60267 represent two novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the names Marinobacter sediminicola sp. nov. and Marinobacter xiaoshiensis sp. nov. are proposed, the type strains are F26243 (= KCTC 92640 = MCCC 1H01345) and F60267 (= KCTC 92638 = MCCC 1H01346).
Topics: Marinobacter; Geologic Sediments; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Base Composition; Fatty Acids; DNA, Bacterial; China; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Phospholipids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Seawater
PubMed: 38954028
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03782-x -
Archives of Microbiology Jul 2024Two Gram-staining-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped and phosphate-solubilizing strains designated SG2303 and SG2305, were isolated from paddy soil in China....
Two Gram-staining-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped and phosphate-solubilizing strains designated SG2303 and SG2305, were isolated from paddy soil in China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S rRNA gene sequences indicated that SG2303 and SG2305 represented a member of the genus Crenobacter within the family Neisseriaceae of the phylum Pseudomonadota. Strain SG2303 displayed higher 16 S rRNA gene sequence similarities with members of the genus Crenobacter ranging from 93.5 to 94.0%. Strains C. luteus YIM 78141 and C. cavernae K1W11S-77 were closest related to the isolated strains and were considered as type strains. Growth of strain SG2303 occurred at 10-55 °C (optimum 37 °C), pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum pH 6.0-7.0) and 0-1% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0%). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain SG2303 and its closely related taxa were 76.1-78.2% and 20.5-22.1%, respectively. The genomic DNA G + C content was 62.2%. The quinone of strain SG2303 was Q-8. The major fatty acids (> 10%) of strain SG2303 were C (30.6%), summed feature 3 (Cω7c and/or Cω6c) (26.0%) and C 3OH (12.1%). The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phospholipids (PL), glycolipid (GL) and unidentified lipids (UL). Based on the results of the phylogenetic, physiological, biochemical, and morphological analysis, strain SG2303 is recognized as a novel species of the genus Crenobacter, for which the name Crenobacter oryzisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SG2303 (= GDMCC 1.3970 = JCM 36468). In addition, SG2303 was also able of phosphorus solubilization and promoting the growth of rice seeds. Strain SG2303 exhibited a relatively high dissolvable phosphorus content of 2.52 µg·mL.
Topics: Soil Microbiology; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; DNA, Bacterial; Base Composition; Fatty Acids; China; Phosphates; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Phospholipids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Oryza
PubMed: 38954015
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04070-9 -
Der Nervenarzt Jul 2024Neurodegenerative diseases represent an increasing challenge in ageing societies, as only limited treatment options are currently available. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Neurodegenerative diseases represent an increasing challenge in ageing societies, as only limited treatment options are currently available.
OBJECTIVE
New research methods and interdisciplinary interaction of different disciplines have changed the way neurological disorders are viewed and paved the way for the comparatively new field of neuroimmunology, which was established in the early 1980s. Starting from neurological autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, knowledge about the involvement of immunological processes in other contexts, such as stroke or traumatic brain injury, has been significantly expanded in recent years.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This review article provides an overview of the role of the immune system and the resulting potential for novel treatment approaches.
RESULTS
The immune system plays a central role in fighting infections but is also able to react to the body's own signals under sterile conditions and cause inflammation and subsequent adaptive immune responses through the release of immune mediators and the recruitment and differentiation of certain immune cell types. This can be beneficial in initiating healing processes; however, chronic inflammatory conditions usually have destructive consequences for the tissue and the organism and must be interrupted.
CONCLUSION
It is now known that different cells of the immune system play an important role in neurological diseases. Regulatory mechanisms, which are mediated by regulatory T cells or Th2 cells, are usually associated with a good prognosis, whereas inflammatory processes and polarization towards Th1 or Th17 have a destructive character. Novel immunomodulators, which are also increasingly being used in cancer treatment, can now be used in a tissue-specific manner and therefore offer great potential for use in neurological diseases.
PubMed: 38953921
DOI: 10.1007/s00115-024-01696-4 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2024Two novel strain pairs (HM61/HM23 and S-34/S-58) were isolated from soil and the faeces of Tibetan antelope () collected at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China. All...
Two novel strain pairs (HM61/HM23 and S-34/S-58) were isolated from soil and the faeces of Tibetan antelope () collected at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China. All four new isolates were aerobic, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and short rod-shaped bacteria. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the full-length 16S rRNA genes and 283 core genomic genes indicated that the four strains were separated into two independent branches belonging to the genus . Strains HM61 and HM23 were most closely related to THG T63 (98.58 and 98.65 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Strains S-34 and S-58 were most closely related to MMS20-HV4-12 (98.89 and 98.89 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The G+C contents of the genomic DNA of strains HM61 and S-34 were 70.6 and 72.5 mol%, respectively. Strains HM61, S-34 and the type strains of closely related species in the analysis had average nucleotide identity values of 75.4-90.5 % as well as digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between 20.1 and 40.8 %, which clearly indicated that the four isolates represent two novel species within the genus . The chemotaxonomic characteristics of strains HM61 and S-34 were consistent with the genus . The major fatty acids of all four strains were -C, C 8 or C 9. For strains HM61 and S-34, MK-8(H) was the predominant respiratory quinone, ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, and the polar lipids profiles were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. Based on phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, we propose that strains HM61 and S-34 represent two novel species of the genus , respectively, with the names sp. nov. and sp. nov. The type strains are HM61 (=GDMCC 4.343=JCM 36399) and S-34 (=CGMCC 4.7664=JCM 33792).
Topics: Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil Microbiology; Base Composition; Tibet; Fatty Acids; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Feces; Antelopes; Animals; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; China; Actinomycetales; Peptidoglycan; Phospholipids
PubMed: 38953888
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006437 -
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics :... Jul 2024Improved molecular strong-field approximation theory is used to calculate the ionisation probability for the high-order above-threshold ionisation process induced by a...
Improved molecular strong-field approximation theory is used to calculate the ionisation probability for the high-order above-threshold ionisation process induced by a few-cycle pulse with two carrier frequencies and one envelope. The asymmetry in the photoelectron momentum distribution is due to the ultrashort nature of the driving pulse and due to the relative orientation of the molecule with respect to the laser field. We introduce the generalised asymmetry parameter, which can be used to quantitatively measure the asymmetry between the photoelectron spectra along arbitrarily many selected directions. We investigate the difference between the asymmetry parameters calculated for atomic and molecular targets and show that the contributions to the asymmetry strongly depend on the type of the employed driving pulse. For the driving pulse with components that are linearly polarised with mutually orthogonal polarisations, we find that the main source of the asymmetry, especially in the high-energy part of the spectrum, is the ultrashort nature of the pulse. The relative orientation of the molecule with respect to the laser pulse only affects the low- and medium-energy parts of the spectrum. On the other hand, for the driving pulse with circularly polarised counterrotating components, the asymmetry introduced by molecular orientation is more pronounced. We also analyse the influence of the characteristics of molecular orbitals on the asymmetries using the examples of N and O molecules.
PubMed: 38953886
DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01271b -
ACS Nano Jul 2024Chronic wound rescue is critical for diabetic patients but is challenging to achieve with a specific and long-term strategy. The prolonged bacterial inflammation is...
Chronic wound rescue is critical for diabetic patients but is challenging to achieve with a specific and long-term strategy. The prolonged bacterial inflammation is particularly prevalent in hyperglycemia-induced wounds, usually leading to severe tissue damage. Such a trend could further suffer from an environmental suitability provided by macrophages for persisting () and even deteriorate by their mutual reinforcement. However, the strategy of both suppressing bacteria growth and immunoreprogramming the inflammatory type of macrophages to break their vicious harm to wound healing is still lacking. Here, a self-adapting biomass carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) hydrogel comprising immunomodulatory nanoparticles is reported to achieve Gram-negative/Gram-positive bacteria elimination and anti-inflammatory cytokines induction to ameliorate the cutaneous microenvironment. Mechanistically, antibacterial peptides and CMCs synergistically result in a long-term inhibition against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) over a period of 7 days, and miR-301a reprograms the M2 macrophage via the PTEN/PI3Kγ/mTOR signaling pathway, consequently mitigating inflammation and promoting angiogenesis for diabetic wound healing in rats. In this vein, immunoregulatory hydrogel is a promising all-biomass dressing ensuring biocompatibility, providing a perspective to regenerate cutaneous damaged tissue, and repairing chronic wounds on skin.
PubMed: 38953692
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02736 -
Materials Horizons Jul 2024Anisotropy in mechanical, optical and thermal sensors in a spatial direction has many applications in health care, robotics, aerospace, and tissue engineering. In...
Anisotropy in mechanical, optical and thermal sensors in a spatial direction has many applications in health care, robotics, aerospace, and tissue engineering. In particular, wearable and implantable sensors respond to stretching and bending strains that probe mechanical energy and track physiological signals. Hence, the development of anisotropic pressure sensors with true piezoelectric (PE) signals is of utmost importance to achieve efficient devices. Herein, a simple and efficient method is developed for high longitudinal and transverse responses, with an approach to isolating a true piezoelectric signal. The electrospun (ES) polarity of oriented dipoles inside flexible fibers gives rise to a high longitudinal/transverse PE response of both lateral and transverse strains. Nanofibers of poly(vinylidene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) copolymers contain poled dipoles, up to 86%, that promote an enhanced PE coefficient of 42 pm V in the case of negative polarity-based electrospinning. It is 40% higher in composition than the commonly adopted positive polarity-biased electrospinning process. We demonstrated the advantage of such a high PE coefficient by the enhanced sensitivity of the longitudinal (Ls = 0.3 V kPa, Ls = 0.07 μA kPa) as well as transverse (Ts = 1.0 V kPa, Ts = 0.8 μA kPa) PE response. To counter the ambiguity of high transverse response as compared to longitudinal in electrospun fiber-based devices, a facile method is proposed to isolate the ferroelectret, triboelectric and piezoelectric signals in a fiber-based hybrid device with their independent charge generation mechanisms.
PubMed: 38953680
DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00540f -
The Journal of Physical Chemistry... Jul 2024Crystallization pathways are essential to various industrial, geological, and biological processes. In nonclassical nucleation theory, prenucleation clusters (PNCs)...
Crystallization pathways are essential to various industrial, geological, and biological processes. In nonclassical nucleation theory, prenucleation clusters (PNCs) form, aggregate, and crystallize to produce higher order assemblies. Microscopy and X-ray techniques have limited utility for PNC analysis due to the small size (0.5-3 nm) and time stability constraints. We present a new approach for analyzing PNC formation based on P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin counting of vitrified molecular assemblies. The use of glassing agents ensures that vitrification generates amorphous aqueous samples and offers conditions for performing dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-amplified NMR spectroscopy. We demonstrate that molecular adenosine triphosphate along with crystalline, amorphous, and clustered calcium phosphate materials formed via a nonclassical growth pathway can be differentiated from one another by the number of dipolar coupled P spins. We also present an innovative approach for examining spin counting data, demonstrating that a knowledge-based fitting of integer multiples of cosine wave functions, instead of the traditional Fourier transform, provides a more physically meaningful retrieval of the existing frequencies. This is the first report of multiquantum spin counting of assemblies formed in solution as captured under vitrified DNP conditions, which can be useful for future analysis of PNCs and other aqueous molecular clusters.
PubMed: 38953521
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00933