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Developmental and Comparative Immunology Aug 2024Marine sponges, including the crumb of bread sponge, Hymeniacidon sinapium, display allorejection responses to contact with conspecifics in both experimental and natural...
Marine sponges, including the crumb of bread sponge, Hymeniacidon sinapium, display allorejection responses to contact with conspecifics in both experimental and natural settings. These responses have been used to infer immunocompetence in a variety of marine invertebrates. However, larvae and juveniles from several marine sponge species fuse and form chimeras. Some of these chimeras persist, whereas others eventually break down, revealing a period of allogeneic non-responsiveness that varies depending on the species. Alternatively, for H. sinapium, most pairs of sibling post-larvae and juveniles that settle in contact initiate immediate allorecognition and show the same morphological response progression as the adults. This indicates that allorecognition and response occurs during early metamorphosis. Results from H. sinapium and other sponge species, in addition to annotations of sponge genomes, suggest that allorecognition and immunocompetence in sponges are mediated by distinct systems and may become functional at different times during or after metamorphosis for different species. Consequently, allorecognition may not be a good proxy for the onset of immunocompetence.
Topics: Animals; Porifera; Metamorphosis, Biological; Larva; Immunocompetence; Chimera
PubMed: 38614378
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105179 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024The fascaplysin and homofascaplysin class of marine natural products has a characteristic 12H-pyrido[1,2-a:3,4-b']diindole pentacyclic structure. Fascaplysin was... (Review)
Review
The fascaplysin and homofascaplysin class of marine natural products has a characteristic 12H-pyrido[1,2-a:3,4-b']diindole pentacyclic structure. Fascaplysin was isolated in 1988 from the marine sponge sp. The analogs of fascaplysin, such as homofascaplysins A, B, and C, were discovered late in the Fijian sponge F. reticulate, and also have potent antimicrobial activity and strong cytotoxicity against L-1210 mouse leukemia. In this review, the total synthesis of fascaplysin and its analogs, such as homofascaplysins A, B, and C, will be reviewed, which will offer useful information for medicinal chemistry researchers who are interested in the exploration of marine alkaloids.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Alkaloids; Antineoplastic Agents; Bandages; Biological Products; Porifera; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Carbolines; Indoles; Indolizines
PubMed: 38611869
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071590 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Apr 2024Dynamics of microbiomes through time are fundamental regarding survival and resilience of their hosts when facing environmental alterations. As for marine species with...
Dynamics of microbiomes through time are fundamental regarding survival and resilience of their hosts when facing environmental alterations. As for marine species with commercial applications, such as marine sponges, assessing the temporal change of prokaryotic communities allows us to better consider the adaptation of sponges to aquaculture designs. The present study aims to investigate the factors shaping the microbiome of the sponge Dactylospongia metachromia, in a context of aquaculture development in French Polynesia, Rangiroa, Tuamotu archipelago. A temporal approach targeting explants collected during farming trials revealed a relative high stability of the prokaryotic diversity, meanwhile a complementary biogeographical study confirmed a spatial specificity amongst samples at different longitudinal scales. Results from this additional spatial analysis confirmed that differences in prokaryotic communities might first be explained by environmental changes (mainly temperature and salinity), while no significant effect of the host phylogeny was observed. The core community of D. metachromia is thus characterized by a high spatiotemporal constancy, which is a good prospect for the sustainable exploitation of this species towards drug development. Indeed, a microbiome stability across locations and throughout the farming process, as evidenced by our results, should go against a negative influence of sponge translocation during in situ aquaculture.
Topics: Animals; Porifera; Aquaculture; Agriculture; Microbiota; Polynesia
PubMed: 38602593
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01962-0 -
Communications Biology Apr 2024Marine Porifera host diverse microbial communities, which influence host metabolism and fitness. However, functional relationships between sponge microbiomes and...
Marine Porifera host diverse microbial communities, which influence host metabolism and fitness. However, functional relationships between sponge microbiomes and metabolic signatures are poorly understood. We integrate microbiome characterization, metabolomics and microbial predicted functions of four coexisting Mediterranean sponges -Petrosia ficiformis, Chondrosia reniformis, Crambe crambe and Chondrilla nucula. Microscopy observations reveal anatomical differences in microbial densities. Microbiomes exhibit strong species-specific trends. C. crambe shares many rare amplicon sequence variants (ASV) with the surrounding seawater. This suggests important inputs of microbial diversity acquired by selective horizontal acquisition. Phylum Cyanobacteria is mainly represented in C. nucula and C. crambe. According to putative functions, the microbiome of P. ficiformis and C. reniformis are functionally heterotrophic, while C. crambe and C. nucula are autotrophic. The four species display distinct metabolic profiles at single compound level. However, at molecular class level they share a "core metabolome". Concurrently, we find global microbiome-metabolome association when considering all four sponge species. Within each species still, sets of microbe/metabolites are identified driving multi-omics congruence. Our findings suggest that diverse microbial players and metabolic profiles may promote niche diversification, but also, analogous phenotypic patterns of "symbiont evolutionary convergence" in sponge assemblages where holobionts co-exist in the same area.
Topics: Phylogeny; Microbiota; Biological Evolution; Cyanobacteria; Metabolome
PubMed: 38589605
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06109-5 -
Chemistry & Biodiversity Jun 2024One new highly degraded steroid, namely 21-nor-4-ene-chaxine A (1) furnishing a 5/6/5-tricyclic, along with one known related analogue (2), were isolated from the South...
One new highly degraded steroid, namely 21-nor-4-ene-chaxine A (1) furnishing a 5/6/5-tricyclic, along with one known related analogue (2), were isolated from the South China Sea sponge Spongia officinalis. Their structures including absolute configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, TDDFT-ECD calculation, and comparison with the spectral data previously reported in the literature. Compound 1 represent the new member of incisterols family with a highly degradation in ring B. In vitro bioassays revealed compound 2 exhibited significant anti-microglial inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in BV-2 microglial cells.
Topics: Animals; Porifera; Steroids; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; China; Microglia; Cell Line; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure
PubMed: 38576052
DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400519 -
Fitoterapia Jun 2024Sesquiterpenes are a class of metabolites derived from plant species with immunomodulatory activity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of treatment with costic...
Sesquiterpenes are a class of metabolites derived from plant species with immunomodulatory activity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of treatment with costic acid on inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis induced by subcutaneous sponge implants in mice. One sponge disc per animal was aseptically implanted in the dorsal region of the mice and treated daily with costic acid (at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 μg diluted in 10 μL of 0.5% DMSO) or 0.5% DMSO (control group). After 9 days of treatment, the animals were euthanized, and the implants collected for further analysis. Treatment with costic acid resulted in the reduction of the inflammatory parameters evaluated compared to the control group, with a decrease in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (TNF, CXCL-1, and CCL2) and in the activity of MPO and NAG enzymes. Costic acid administration altered the process of mast cell degranulation. We also observed a reduction in angiogenic parameters, such as a decrease in the number of blood vessels, the hemoglobin content, and the levels of VEGF and FGF cytokines. Finally, when assessing implant-induced fibrogenesis, we observed a reduction in the levels of the pro-fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β1, and lower collagen deposition. The results of this study demonstrate, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-fibrotic effects of costic acid in an in vivo model of chronic inflammation and reinforce the therapeutic potential of costic acid.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Sesquiterpenes; Collagen; Inflammation; Cytokines; Male; Fibrosis; Porifera; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Angiogenesis
PubMed: 38570096
DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105939 -
Journal of Natural Products Apr 2024Seven new sugar alcohol-conjugated acyclic sesquiterpenes, acremosides A-G (-), were isolated from the cultures of the sponge-associated fungus sp. IMB18-086 cultivated...
Seven new sugar alcohol-conjugated acyclic sesquiterpenes, acremosides A-G (-), were isolated from the cultures of the sponge-associated fungus sp. IMB18-086 cultivated with heat-killed . The structures were determined by comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The relative configurations were established by -based configuration analysis and acetonide derivatization. The absolute configurations were elucidated by the Mosher ester method and ECD calculations. The structures of acremosides E-G (-) featured the linear sesquiterpene skeleton with a tetrahydrofuran moiety attached to a sugar alcohol. Acremosides A () and C-E (-) showed significant inhibitory activities against hepatitis C virus (EC values of 4.8-8.8 μM) with no cytotoxicity (CC of >200 μM).
Topics: Sesquiterpenes; Animals; Molecular Structure; Acremonium; Antiviral Agents; Porifera; Hepacivirus; Humans; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 38561238
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00015 -
British Journal of Pharmacology Aug 2024Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine that not only directly induces inflammatory gene expression but also triggers apoptotic and...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine that not only directly induces inflammatory gene expression but also triggers apoptotic and necroptotic cell death, which leads to tissue damage and indirectly exacerbates inflammation. Thus, identification of inhibitors for TNF-induced cell death has broad therapeutic relevance for TNF-related inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we isolated and identified a marine fungus-derived sesquiterpenoid, 9α,14-dihydroxy-6β-p-nitrobenzoylcinnamolide (named as Cpd-8), that inhibits TNF receptor superfamily-induced cell death by preventing the formation of cytosolic death complex II.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
Marine sponge-associated fungi were cultured and the secondary metabolites were extracted to yield pure compounds. Cell viability was measured by ATP-Glo cell viability assay. The effects of Cpd-8 on TNF signalling pathway were investigated by western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence assays. A mouse model of acute liver injury (ALI) was employed to explore the protection effect of Cpd-8, in vivo.
KEY RESULTS
Cpd-8 selectively inhibits TNF receptor superfamily-induced apoptosis and necroptosis. Cpd-8 prevents the formation of cytosolic death complex II and subsequent RIPK1-RIPK3 necrosome, while it has no effect on TNF receptor I (TNFR1) internalization and the formation of complex I in TNF signalling pathway. In vivo, Cpd-8 protects mice against TNF-α/D-GalN-induced ALI.
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS
A marine fungus-derived sesquiterpenoid, Cpd-8, inhibits TNF receptor superfamily-induced cell death, both in vitro and in vivo. This study not only provides a useful research tool to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of TNF-induced cell death but also identifies a promising lead compound for future drug development.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Sesquiterpenes; Humans; Cell Death; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Male; Porifera; Apoptosis; Cell Survival
PubMed: 38555910
DOI: 10.1111/bph.16364 -
Journal of Comparative Physiology. B,... Apr 2024The freshwater sponge, Ephydatia muelleri, lacks a nervous or endocrine system and yet it exhibits a coordinated whole-body action known as a "sneeze" that can be...
The freshwater sponge, Ephydatia muelleri, lacks a nervous or endocrine system and yet it exhibits a coordinated whole-body action known as a "sneeze" that can be triggered by exposure to L-glutamate. It is not known how L-glutamate is obtained by E. muelleri in sufficient quantities (i.e., 70 µM) to mediate this response endogenously. The present study tested the hypothesis that L-glutamate can be directly acquired from the environment across the body surface of E. muelleri. We demonstrate carrier mediated uptake of two distinct saturable systems with maximal transport rates (J) of 64.27 ± 4.98 and 25.12 ± 1.87 pmols mg min, respectively. The latter system has a higher calculated substrate affinity (K) of 2.87 ± 0.38 µM compared to the former (8.75 ± 1.00 µM), indicative of distinct systems that can acquire L-glutamate at variable environmental concentrations. Further characterization revealed potential shared pathways of L-glutamate uptake with other negatively charged amino acids, namely D-glutamate and L-aspartate, as well as the neutral amino acid L-alanine. We demonstrate that L-glutamate uptake does not appear to rely on exogenous sodium or proton concentrations as removal of these ions from the bathing media did not significantly alter uptake. Likewise, L-glutamate uptake does not seem to rely on internal proton motive forces driven by VHA as application of 100 nM of the VHA inhibitor bafilomycin did not alter uptake rates within E. muelleri tissues. Whether the acquired amino acid is used to supplement feeding or is stored and accumulated to mediate the sneeze response remains to be determined.
Topics: Animals; Glutamic Acid; Porifera; Fresh Water; Biological Transport; Macrolides
PubMed: 38553641
DOI: 10.1007/s00360-024-01544-6 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Makaluvamine J, a pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloid of marine sponge origin, and its analogs were synthesized and assessed for their potential to develop as a novel and...
Makaluvamine J, a pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloid of marine sponge origin, and its analogs were synthesized and assessed for their potential to develop as a novel and selective growth inhibitor targeting human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. Ts-damirone B, a common precursor featuring a pyrroloiminoquinone core structure, was synthesized through Bartoli indole synthesis and IBX-mediated oxidation. Late-stage diversification at -5 and -9 yielded makaluvamine J and several analogs. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis highlighted the significance of the lipophilic side chain at -9 for the growth inhibitory activity of PANC-1 cells. The modest alkyl group at -5 was found to improve selectivity against other cancer cells. Among the prepared analogs, the tryptamine analog showed potent and selective cytotoxicity (IC = 0.029 µM, selective index = 13.1), exceeding those of natural products.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Pyrroloiminoquinones; Structure-Activity Relationship; Porifera; Antineoplastic Agents; Alkaloids
PubMed: 38543025
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29061389