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Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2024The two major challenges in cancer treatment are reducing the side effects and minimizing the cost of cancer treatment. A better therapy to treat cancer remains to be...
The two major challenges in cancer treatment are reducing the side effects and minimizing the cost of cancer treatment. A better therapy to treat cancer remains to be developed despite the presence of many therapeutic options. Here, we present bacterial therapy for treating cancer using tumor-isolated Cutibacterium acnes, which is safe to use, has minimal side effects compared to chemotherapeutic drugs, and most importantly, targets the tumor microenvironment due to the bacterium's anaerobic nature. It activates the immune system, and the immune cells effectively penetrate through the tumor tissue and form an immunologic hub inside, explicitly targeting the tumor and destroying the cells. This bacterial therapy is a new cost-effective innovative treatment.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Propionibacterium acnes; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 38113626
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116041 -
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and... 2023Non-genetic factors like microbial dysbiosis may be contributing to the increasing incidence/progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
BACKGROUND
Non-genetic factors like microbial dysbiosis may be contributing to the increasing incidence/progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
OBJECTIVES
To analyse the gut microbiota profile in Indian children with T1DM and its effect on glycaemic control.
METHODOLOGY
Faecal samples of 29 children with T1DM were collected and faecal microbial DNA was extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA (ribosomal RNA) sequencing and further analysis.
RESULTS
The dominant phyla in children with T1DM were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Butyrate-producing bacteria and showed a significant negative correlation with the glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels ( < 0.05). and were important negative predictors of glycaemic control ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Our study suggests that Indian children with T1DM have a distinct gut microbiome taxonomic composition and that short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria like and (butyrate-producing) may play an important role in the glycaemic control of subjects with T1DM.
PubMed: 38107732
DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_22_22 -
Transfusion Jan 2024We evaluated the operational and safety impact of implementing anaerobic culture screening of apheresis and pooled platelets at the American Red Cross on the already...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the operational and safety impact of implementing anaerobic culture screening of apheresis and pooled platelets at the American Red Cross on the already established use of the aerobic culture screening of each donation performed no sooner than 24 h following collection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Platelets were screened for bacterial contamination with the BACT/ALERT 3D® (bioMérieux, Durham, NC) microbial detection testing system. The addition of anaerobic culture to the already existing aerobic culture resulted in sampling an additional 8-10 mL from each donation.
RESULTS
Implementation of anaerobic testing resulted in an approximate 3.5-fold increased rate of False Positive BACT/ALERT alarms. There was a modest increase in the rate of True Positive alarms of 1.4-fold with increased detection of Klebsiella and Propionibacterium species, including Cutibacterium acnes. In addition, there was an approximate 3.5-fold increase rate of False Positives and a 13.5-fold increase rate of Indeterminates, the majority (~57%) were due to Cutibacterium acnes. The combined costs and lost revenue associated with adding anaerobic screening increased by ~$1,000,000/year due to testing cost and product discards.
CONCLUSION
The addition of anaerobic culture to aerobic culture to the original donation (without the introduction of sampling delay) resulted in a significant increase in the rate of alerts. The 40% increased rate of True Positive alarms may have modestly improved platelet safety. However, there was a disproportionate increase in the rate of False Positive and Indeterminate bacterial culture alarms, which added substantial cost and overall loss of platelet products.
Topics: Humans; Anaerobiosis; Blood Platelets; Bacteria; Blood Component Removal; Drug Contamination; Bacteriological Techniques
PubMed: 38098310
DOI: 10.1111/trf.17611 -
European Journal of Clinical... Feb 2024We report two uncommon cases of osteosynthetic cervical spine infection. Clinical patient features, microbiological strain characteristics, diagnostic methods, and...
We report two uncommon cases of osteosynthetic cervical spine infection. Clinical patient features, microbiological strain characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment were analyzed. Both patients were male, and one had risk factors for surgical site infection. During surgery, perioperative samples were positive yielding an anaerobic microorganism identified as Cutibacterium namnetense by MALDI-TOF MS and confirmed by 16S rRNA/gyrB genes sequencing. All isolates were fully susceptible. C. namnetense osteosynthetic cervical spine infections are rare. Both cases were early surgical site infections. Bruker MALDI-TOF MS appears to be an excellent tool for rapid and accurate identification. Amoxicillin seems to be an option for the treatment.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Propionibacteriaceae; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Cervical Vertebrae
PubMed: 38093085
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04731-5 -
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Jan 2024Dromedary camel or Arabian camel () has great economic importance due to its milk and byproducts. Its milk has high nutrition along with healthy bacteria such as...
Dromedary camel or Arabian camel () has great economic importance due to its milk and byproducts. Its milk has high nutrition along with healthy bacteria such as bacteria helpful in the fermentation process. The aim was to compare the probiotic bacteria from one week of lactating camel milk vs one year lactating camel milk to differentiate the potential probiotics. This study analyzed the microbiomes of one year lactating raw camel milk M1, M2 (A) (n = 10) and one week of lactating camel milk M3, M4 (B) (n = 10) through metagenomic analysis of 16S rRNA. In total, 276 species were found in two groups (A and B) and they shared 55 genes. Group B showed a higher number of species (2 2 0) than group A (56). The statistical data on functional annotations such as Card, COG, NOG and Swiss-prot revealed at least one or more contributions from this study sample database. The phylum contributed largely up to 75 % in group B. In contrast, and existed in higher quantity in group A than in group B and were slightly higher in group A than in group B. were higher in group B whereas dominated in group A than group B. The potential probiotic bacteria found in camel milk including , and Despite the probiotic bacteria some pathogenic microbes also resided in the studied samples, hence it is strongly recommended proper sterilization before consumption. This proposed research is to get an efficient microbial consortium of beneficial bacteria and their functional roles.
PubMed: 38090133
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103879 -
Acne vulgaris: A review of the pathophysiology, treatment, and recent nanotechnology based advances.Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports Dec 2023Globally, Acne Vulgaris is a widespread, chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous follicles. Acne is not fatal, but depending on its severity, it can leave... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Globally, Acne Vulgaris is a widespread, chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous follicles. Acne is not fatal, but depending on its severity, it can leave the sufferer with scars, irritation, and significant psychological effects (including depression). In the current review, we have included various factors for acne and their treatment explained. It also narrated the current medicament and the new investigation dosage forms with clinical phases information provided.
MAIN BODY OF THE ABSTRACT
Acne's pathophysiology involves four important factors: excessive sebum production, hyperkeratinization of pilosebaceous follicles, hyperproliferation of propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), and inflammation. Identifying both inflammatory (Papule, pustule, nodule, and cyst) and non-inflammatory (black heads, white heads) acne lesions is necessary for diagnosing and treating acne vulgaris.
SHORT CONCLUSION
In this review, traditional therapy approaches such as topical (i.e., retinoids and antibiotics), systemic (i.e., retinoids, antibiotics, and hormonal), and physical therapies are briefly discussed. In addition, we highlight the issues posed by P. acne's resistance to the antibiotics used in commercially available medications and the necessity for novel therapeutic techniques. Finally, we examined a few innovative acne therapies pending clinical trial approval and commercial acne medications.
PubMed: 38076662
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101578 -
Animal Health Research Reviews Dec 2023Animal husbandry is increasingly under pressure to meet world food demand. Thus, strategies are sought to ensure this productivity increment. The objective of this... (Review)
Review
Animal husbandry is increasingly under pressure to meet world food demand. Thus, strategies are sought to ensure this productivity increment. The objective of this review was to gather advances in the use of bacterial probiotics in animal production. Lactobacilli correspond to the most used bacterial group, with several beneficial effects already reported and described, as well as the and genera - being the latter expressively used in aquaculture. Research on the genus is mostly focused on human health, which demonstrates great effects on blood biochemical parameters. Such results sustain the possibility of expanding its use in veterinary medicine. Other groups commonly assessed for human medicine but with prospective expansion to animal health are the genera and , which have been demonstrating interesting effects on the prevention of viral diseases, and in dentistry, respectively. Although bacteria from the genera and also have great potential for use in animal production, a complete characterization of the candidate strain must be previously made, due to the existence of pathogenic and/or spoilage variants. It is noteworthy that a growing number of studies have investigated the genus , but still in very early stages. However, the hitherto excellent results endorse its application. In this way, in addition to the fact that bacterial probiotics represent a promising approach to promote productivity increase in animal production, the application of other strains than the traditionally employed genera may allow the exploitation of novel mechanisms and enlighten unexplored possibilities.
PubMed: 38073081
DOI: 10.1017/S1466252323000063 -
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Mar 2024Periprosthetic joint infections occur in 1%-4% of primary total shoulder arthroplasties (TSAs). Cutibacterium acnes is the most commonly implicated organism and has been... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Does hydrogen peroxide application to the dermis following surgical incision affect Cutibacterium acnes cultures in total shoulder arthroplasty in male patients? A randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Periprosthetic joint infections occur in 1%-4% of primary total shoulder arthroplasties (TSAs). Cutibacterium acnes is the most commonly implicated organism and has been shown to persist in the dermis despite use of preoperative antibiotics and standard skin preparations. Studies have shown decreased rates of cultures positive for C acnes with use of preoperative benzoyl peroxide or hydrogen peroxide (HO), but even with this positive deep cultures remain common. We sought to determine whether an additional application of HO directly to the dermis following skin incision would further decrease deep culture positivity rates.
METHODS
We performed a randomized controlled trial comparing tissue culture results in primary TSA in patients who received a standard skin preparation with HO, ethanol, and ChloraPrep (CareFusion, Leawood, KS, USA) vs. an additional application of HO to the dermis immediately after skin incision. Given the sexual dimorphism seen in the shoulder microbiome regarding C acnes colonization rates, only male patients were included. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed to compare rates of positive cultures based on demographic and surgical factors.
RESULTS
Dermal cultures were found to be positive for C acnes at similar rates between the experimental and control cohorts for the initial (22% vs. 28%, P = .600) and final (61% vs. 50%, P > .999) dermal swabs. On bivariable analysis, the rate of positive deep cultures for C acnes was lower in the experimental group, but this difference was not statistically significant (28% vs. 44%, P = .130). However, patients who underwent anatomic TSA were found to have a significantly greater rate of deep cultures positive for C acnes (57% vs. 28%, P = .048); when controlling for this on multivariable analysis, the experimental cohort was found to be associated with significantly lower odds of having positive deep cultures (odds ratio, 0.37 [95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.90], P = .023). There were no wound complications in either cohort.
CONCLUSIONS
An additional HO application directly to the dermis following skin incision resulted in a small but statistically significant decrease in the odds of having deep cultures positive for C acnes without any obvious adverse effects on wound healing. Given its cost-effectiveness, use of a post-incisional dermal decontamination protocol may be considered as an adjuvant to preoperative use of benzoyl peroxide or HO to decrease C acnes contamination.
Topics: Humans; Male; Hydrogen Peroxide; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder; Surgical Wound; Shoulder Joint; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Skin; Benzoyl Peroxide; Shoulder; Propionibacterium acnes; Dermis
PubMed: 38072031
DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.10.019 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Feb 2024The treatment of acne vulgaris is often challenging due to the antibiotic resistance frequently observed in Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a prevalent bacterium linked...
BACKGROUND
The treatment of acne vulgaris is often challenging due to the antibiotic resistance frequently observed in Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a prevalent bacterium linked to this condition.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this research was to examine the impact of curcumin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the survival of C.acnes and activity of biofilms produced by this microorganism.
METHODS
Following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, we assessed the drug sensitivity of 25 clinical C.acnes strains to five antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline) and curcumin by implementing the broth microdilution technique. In addition, we established C.acnes biofilms in a laboratory setting and subjected them to curcumin-PDT(curcumin combined with blue light of 180 J/cm). Afterwards, we evaluated their viability using the XTT assay and observed them using confocal laser scanning microscopy.
RESULTS
The result revealed varying resistance rates among the tested antibiotics and curcumin, with erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and curcumin exhibiting resistance rates of 72 %, 44 %, 36 %, 28 %, 0 %, and 100 %, respectively. In the curcumin-PDT inhibition tests against four representative antibiotic-resistant strains, it was found that the survival rate of all strains of planktonic C. acnes was reduced, and the higher the concentration of curcumin, the lower the survival rate. Furthermore, in the biofilm inhibition tests, the vitality and three-dimensional structure of the biofilms were disrupted, and the inhibitory effect became more significant with higher concentrations of curcumin.
CONCLUSION
The results emphasize the possibility of using curcumin PDT as an alternative approach for the treatment of C.acnes, especially in instances of antibiotic-resistant variations and infections related to biofilms.
Topics: Humans; Clindamycin; Doxycycline; Curcumin; Minocycline; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Photosensitizing Agents; Photochemotherapy; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Erythromycin; Tetracycline; Biofilms; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 38070633
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103928 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Maxim is an annual herb with many potential purposes in agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical fields. At present, the extract of the whole plant from has been...
Maxim is an annual herb with many potential purposes in agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical fields. At present, the extract of the whole plant from has been proven to demonstrate antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Previous studies focused on the enzyme pretreatment in hydrodistillation from . However, organic solvent or supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction (SFE-CO) methods, which are commonly utilized in industry, have seldom been studied and cannot provide multiple evaluations of yield. In this work, we analysed compounds from by HPLC-DAD, discussed -hexane extraction, and conducted further investigations on SFE-CO through the design of response surface methodology (RSM). The sample obtained from pilot-scale SFE-CO was also tested against nine kinds of microorganisms. Single-factor results revealed that the extraction rates from by steam distillation, -hexane extraction, and SFE-CO were 1%, 2.09%, and 3.26%, respectively. RSM results showed a significant improvement in extraction rate through optimising pressure and time, and the interaction of both factors was more important than that of temperature-pressure and temperature-time. A pilot-scale test with an extraction rate of 3.34% indicated that the predicted RSM condition was operable. In addition, samples from the pilot-scale SFE-CO showed antibacterial effects against three previously unreported bacteria (, methicillin-resistant , and ). These results fill the gap in previous research and provide more information for the application and development of in the future.
Topics: Oils, Volatile; Carbon Dioxide; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Lamiaceae; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid
PubMed: 38067455
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237724