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Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Localized exercises are employed to activate, train, or restore the function of particular muscles and they are usually considered as part of treating individuals... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Localized exercises are employed to activate, train, or restore the function of particular muscles and they are usually considered as part of treating individuals suffering low back pain. So, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of specific exercises in general population with non-specific low back pain (LBP).
METHODS
We conducted electronic searches in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Google scholar from January 1990 to June 2021. Initially, 47,740 records were identified. Following the removal of duplicates, 32,138 records were left. After reviewing titles and abstracts, 262 papers were chosen for thorough assessment. Among these, 208 studies were excluded, resulting in 54 trials meeting the inclusion criteria for this study. Additionally, 46 of these trials were randomized controlled trials and were further evaluated for the meta-analysis. We included trials investigating the effectiveness of exercise therapy, including isometric activation of deep trunk muscles, strengthening exercises, stabilization exercises, stretching exercises, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises (PNF) in LBP patients. The primary outcome was pain intensity, measured using tools such as the visual analogue scale (VAS) and numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). The secondary outcome was disability, assessed through instruments such as the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The quality of the eligible studies was assessed using the Verhagen tool, and the level of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach.
RESULTS
Based on the Verhagen tool, 46 trials (85.2%) were categorized as having low methodological quality, while 8 studies (14.8%) were considered to have medium methodological quality. The meta-analysis indicated a small efficacy in favor of isometric activation of deep trunk muscles (-0.37, 95% CI: -0.88 to 0.13), a moderate efficacy in favor of stabilization exercises (-0.53, 95% CI: -1.13 to 0.08), and a large efficacy in favor of PNF exercises (-0.91, 95% CI: -1.62 to -0.2) for reducing pain intensity as assessed by VAS or NPRS tools. Moreover, the meta-analysis revealed a moderate efficacy for isometric activation of deep trunk muscles (-0.61, CI: -1.02 to -0.19), and a large efficacy for PNF exercises (-1.26, 95% CI: -1.81 to -0.72) in improving disability, assessed using RMDQ or ODI questionnaires. The level of certainty in the evidence, as determined by the GRADE approach, was very low to low.
CONCLUSION
These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating localized therapeutic exercises as a fundamental aspect of managing non-specific LBP. Clinicians should consider utilizing localized therapeutic exercise tailored to individual patient needs. Furthermore, further research investigating optimal exercise therapy, optimal dose of the exercises, durations, and long-term adherence is warranted to enhance the precision and efficacy of exercise-based interventions for non-specific LBP.
Topics: Humans; Low Back Pain; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Exercise Therapy; Pain Measurement; Disability Evaluation
PubMed: 38876702
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.049 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Whole-body vibration (WBV) is used to improve muscle function but is important to know if doses can affect the objective function outcomes. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Whole-body vibration (WBV) is used to improve muscle function but is important to know if doses can affect the objective function outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effect of two frequencies of WBV on objective physical function outcomes in healthy young adults.
METHODS
Forty-two volunteers were randomized into three groups: sham group (SG), and WBV groups with 30 (F30) and 45 Hz (F45). A 6-week WBV intervention protocol was applied by a vibrating platform twice a week, with the platform turn-off for SG and with two frequencies according to group, 30 or 45 Hz. The objective physical functions outcomes assessed were the proprioceptive accuracy, measured by proprioceptive tests, and quasi-static and dynamic balances, measured by Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Y Balance Test, respectively. The outcomes were assessed before and after the WBV intervention. We used in the results comparisons, by GzLM test, the deltas percentage.
RESULTS
After the intervention, no statistical differences were observed in percentage deltas for any outcomes (proprioceptive accuracy, quasi-static and dynamic balances).
CONCLUSION
Objective physical function outcomes, after the 6-week WBV protocol, did not present statistically significant results in any of the intervention groups (F30 or F45) and SG.
Topics: Humans; Vibration; Male; Female; Young Adult; Postural Balance; Adult; Proprioception; Physical Therapy Modalities
PubMed: 38876693
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.069 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024
Randomized Controlled Trial
Topics: Humans; Athletic Tape; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; Postural Balance; Female; Male; Adult; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
PubMed: 38876688
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.009 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Knee joint injuries may result from compromised quadriceps muscle strength or diminished knee joint proprioception. The application of Kinesio tape (KT) on the...
BACKGROUND
Knee joint injuries may result from compromised quadriceps muscle strength or diminished knee joint proprioception. The application of Kinesio tape (KT) on the quadriceps muscle from origin to insertion (OTI-KT) or insertion to origin (ITO-KT) could impact knee joint proprioception and quadriceps muscle strength. This study aims to assess the effects of different tensions and directions of KT application on active and passive knee joint repositioning errors (AJRE and PJRE) and peak concentric and eccentric peak torque (CPT and EPT) of the quadriceps muscles in healthy males.
METHOD
Twenty-one healthy males participated in this repeated-measures study design. CPT, EPT, AJRE, and PJRE of the dominant limb were measured by a Biodex dynamometer before and after applying OTI-KT with 0%, 15%, and 40% extra tensions and ITO-KT with 0% tension.
RESULTS
ITO-KT demonstrated a significant reduction in AJRE (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, for OTI-KT, a statistically significant difference was observed in both AJRE and PJRE concerning time (F1,126 = 19.74, p < 0.05 for AJRE; F1,126 = 9.96, p < 0.05 for PJRE) and tension (F2,126 = 22.14, p < 0.05 for AJRE; F2,126 = 20.67, p < 0.05 for PJRE).
CONCLUSION
Applying KT, especially OTI KT with 40% and 15% extra tension, shows potential in enhancing knee proprioception without immediate impacts on quadriceps muscle torque. This suggests applications in sports performance and knee injury rehabilitation.
Topics: Humans; Male; Quadriceps Muscle; Athletic Tape; Torque; Knee Joint; Adult; Young Adult; Proprioception; Muscle Strength
PubMed: 38876687
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.048 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) can be a therapeutic recovery strategy for patients hospitalized for COVID-19. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) can be a therapeutic recovery strategy for patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effects of a 36-session WBV protocol on the risk of falls, balance, mobility and heart rate variability (HRV).
STUDY DESIGN
A randomized clinical trial.
METHODS
13 patients affected by COVID-19, trained with WBV, 3×/week on alternate days, totaling 36 sessions, were evaluated before and after the intervention.
RESULTS
WBV training at 2 mm and 4 mm amplitude resulted in a reduction in the risk of falls when compared to Sham (p = 0.023), with effect size of 0.530. No changes were observed for mobility and balance outcomes (p = 0.127) or for any of the HRV variables (p = 0.386).
CONCLUSION
WBV training reduced the risk of falls in post-COVID patients. No changes were observed regarding balance and mobility, nor for HRV.
Topics: Humans; Vibration; COVID-19; Heart Rate; Accidental Falls; Postural Balance; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Physical Therapy Modalities; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 38876678
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.013 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a restriction on physiotherapy clinical visits for supervised exercise. It is important that individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD)...
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a restriction on physiotherapy clinical visits for supervised exercise. It is important that individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD) continue an exercise regime at home during the pandemic and also in normal situations.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to explore the case history of an individual with PD who used a developed home-based exercise programme for one year during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A 67 year-old married woman was diagnosed with PD stage 2.5 on the modified Hoehn and Yahr (HY) scale. Gait characteristics and the Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor scores were assessed at baseline, 10 weeks, and 12 months. The home-based exercise program included breathing exercises, posture correction, stretching exercises, rotation of the axial segments, balance training, and task-specific gait training.
RESULTS
After 12 months, her MDS-UPDRS motor scores decreased when compared to baseline and 10 weeks, and gait characteristics at 12 months showed an increase in the degree of foot rotation, step length, cadence, and gait speed when compared to baseline and 10 weeks.
CONCLUSION
This case study showed that improvements in MDS-UPDRS and gait characteristics can continue over a 12 month period as a result of a home-based exercise programme. Therefore, home-based exercise programs should be encouraged with weekly monitoring, especially in individuals with gait disorders which show deterioration.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Female; Aged; Exercise Therapy; COVID-19; Gait; Postural Balance; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; SARS-CoV-2; Breathing Exercises
PubMed: 38876677
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.039 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Studies with focus on effects of manual therapy techniques on postural control and muscle activity in patients with chronic ankle instability (are lacking. The purpose... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Studies with focus on effects of manual therapy techniques on postural control and muscle activity in patients with chronic ankle instability (are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a planned cross-over study to assess efficacy of manual therapy techniques applications in patients with chronic ankle instability.
METHODS
This feasibility study used a randomized controlled, blinded assessor cross-over design. Criteria of success under evaluation were adherence and attrition rates and adverse events. while preliminary treatment effects of manual therapy techniques on muscular activity (measured by surface electromyography) and on dynamic balance (measured by time to stabilization test) were secondary aims.
RESULTS
Thirteen participants (mean age: 24.4 ± 3.8 years) with chronic ankle instability volunteered in this feasibility study. Success criteria showed a high adherence (98.7%) and low attrition (0%). No missing data were reported but four out of 26 data sets could not be used for statistical analysis because of non-readability of the recorded data. Preliminary treatment effect showed divergent results for surface electromyography and time to stabilization. One significant result (p = 0.03, ES = 1.48) in peroneus longus muscle activity after jump landing between 30 and 60 ms could be determined.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that the study protocol is feasible but should be modified by offering participants the opportunity to familiarize to the jumps and to the test repetitions. This study generates better understanding of manual therapy techniques for patients with chronic ankle instability.
Topics: Humans; Joint Instability; Cross-Over Studies; Postural Balance; Adult; Male; Female; Electromyography; Ankle Joint; Young Adult; Muscle, Skeletal; Musculoskeletal Manipulations; Feasibility Studies; Ankle Injuries
PubMed: 38876670
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.020 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024The foot placement is a determinant of the base of support and influences standing balance. The reliability of postural stability tests with different foot placement...
INTRODUCTION
The foot placement is a determinant of the base of support and influences standing balance. The reliability of postural stability tests with different foot placement angles is unclear.
RESEARCH QUESTION
To determine and compare the intra- and inter-day reliability of the center of pressure-based postural stability while standing with different foot placement angles.
METHOD
Twenty-five healthy adults (16 females and 9 males; age: 29 ± 6 years) completed 70 s trials of eyes open and eyes closed stability tests with 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45° angles between the feet while standing on a forceplate in three sessions: two sessions were in the same day, and the third session was one-week apart. The repeatability of measurements was tested using analysis of variance, interclass correlation, and standard error of measurements.
RESULT
Throughout the three study sessions, there was no difference in postural stability while participants stood with different foot placement angles. The interclass correlation scores ranged from 0.71 to 0.96, the standard error of measurements ranged from 2.1% to 12.9%, and no significant systematic changes (p < 0.05) occurred between the testing sessions for any foot placements. Standing with a 45° angle between the feet with closed eyes showed higher reliability values than other conditions. The intra-day reliability scores were greater than inter-day reliability.
DISCUSSION
The relative reliability of postural stability could be impacted by foot placement angles, which might alter ankle mobility and base of support dimensions. The advantages of larger foot placement angles on improving the relative reliability of postural stability could be better demonstrated in healthy people under challenging conditions such as standing with closed eyes.
CONCLUSION
Standing with foot placement angles between 0° and 45° are reliable and a quantitative assessment of the center of pressure could be used to monitor the changes in postural stability between sessions.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Postural Balance; Adult; Foot; Reproducibility of Results; Young Adult; Standing Position; Pressure; Biomechanical Phenomena
PubMed: 38876660
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.035 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) is one of the best exercises proposed for injury prevention of hamstring muscles. However, its effects on lower extremity proprioception... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) is one of the best exercises proposed for injury prevention of hamstring muscles. However, its effects on lower extremity proprioception are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of a single bout of NHE on hip and knee joints' proprioception.
METHODS
Forty collegiate male soccer players participated in this study with a mean age of 22.85 ± 1.82 years and were randomized into either control (n = 20) or experimental (n = 20) groups. Each subject participated in pre-test measurements in which hip and knee active joints position sense (JPS) were assessed in standing and lying tasks using the image-capturing method. The experimental group then performed three sets of NHE with 10 repetitions in each set, while the control group rested for 10 min. Paired and independent t-tests were used for calculating the differences within and between groups on SPSS software, respectively. The level of significance was P ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
Hip JPS in the lying task and knee JPS in both of the standing and lying tasks were impaired significantly after performing a single bout of NHE (P ≤ 0.05). However, the effects of this exercise on hip JPS in the standing task were not significant (P ≥ 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
NHE performing with three sets of 10 repetitions can significantly impair hip and knee JPS immediately after exercise and reduce the proprioception acuity of the lower limbs. It is recommended to perform this exercise at a time rather than before training or match sessions.
Topics: Humans; Male; Proprioception; Hip Joint; Knee Joint; Young Adult; Hamstring Muscles; Soccer; Exercise; Adult
PubMed: 38876656
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.006 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024Scapular dyskinesis is prevalent among asymptomatic athletes, particularly those involved in overhead activities, and can significantly impact their neuromuscular...
INTRODUCTION
Scapular dyskinesis is prevalent among asymptomatic athletes, particularly those involved in overhead activities, and can significantly impact their neuromuscular control. These changes may impair upper extremity function and strength, elevating the risk of injury. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate how scapular dyskinesis affects shoulder proprioception, upper extremity dynamic stability, and hand grip strength in overhead athletes. This study compared these parameters between overhead athletes with and without scapular dyskinesis.
METHODS
The study included twenty asymptomatic professional overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis and twenty without scapular dyskinesis, identified using the lateral scapular slide test. In this cross-sectional study, shoulder active joint position sense, serving as shoulder proprioception, was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Upper extremity dynamic stability and hand grip strength were evaluated using an upper quarter modified star excursion balance test (UQ-mSEBT) and a handheld dynamometer.
RESULTS
The study found that the shoulder active joint position sense was significantly lower in the scapular dyskinesis group compared to the group without scapular dyskinesis (P = 0.003, P < 0.001, and P = 0.002). However, the two groups had no significant differences in UQ-mSEBT and hand grip strength scores.
CONCLUSIONS
The results showed that scapular dyskinesis could affect the sense of shoulder active joint position among asymptomatic overhead athletes. However, it did not affect their upper extremity dynamic stability and hand grip strength.
Topics: Humans; Proprioception; Scapula; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Hand Strength; Young Adult; Adult; Female; Dyskinesias; Shoulder Joint; Range of Motion, Articular; Athletes; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 38876643
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.001