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Data in Brief Aug 2024(angelwing clam) is a mollusc species found in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia. Despite its economic significance, genetic information on the species is lacking. In...
(angelwing clam) is a mollusc species found in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia. Despite its economic significance, genetic information on the species is lacking. In this study, a specimen was collected from Kedah, Malaysia, and its complete mitochondrial genome was assembled using whole-genome sequencing data generated on an DNBSEQ-G400 platform. The circular mitochondrial genome of is 18,995 bp in size and contains 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and three control regions (D-loops). All genes are located on the heavy strand. The mitogenome has a base composition of 25.4 % A, 41.5 % T, 22.1% G, and 11 % C, exhibiting a bias towards AT content (66.9 %). The mitochondrial genomes of and 11 other Pholadoidea species were included in a phylogenetic analysis, which indicated that is closely related to . The data reported in this study represents the first time that a mitochondrial genome has been reported. Such data will contribute to the better understanding of genetic relationships between and its relatives, leading to informed conservation and sustainable utilization of the species.
PubMed: 38966661
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110581 -
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis :... Feb 2024Health-related quality of life (QoL) impairment is common after pulmonary embolism (PE). Whether the severity of the initial PE has an impact on QoL is unknown.
BACKGROUND
Health-related quality of life (QoL) impairment is common after pulmonary embolism (PE). Whether the severity of the initial PE has an impact on QoL is unknown.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the association between severity of PE and QoL over time.
METHODS
We prospectively assessed PE-specific QoL using the Pulmonary Embolism Quality of Life (lower scores indicate better QoL) questionnaire and generic QoL using the Short Form 36 (higher scores indicate better QoL) questionnaire at baseline and 3 and 12 months in older patients with acute PE. We examined whether QoL differed by PE severity based on hemodynamic status, simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI), right ventricular function, and high-sensitivity troponin T in mixed-effects models, adjusting for known QoL predictors after PE.
RESULTS
Among 546 patients with PE (median age, 74 years), severe vs nonsevere PE based on the sPESI was associated with a worse PE-specific (adjusted mean Pulmonary Embolism Quality of Life score difference of 6.1 [95% CI, 2.4-9.8] at baseline, 7.6 [95% CI, 4.0-11.3] at 3 months, and 6.7 [95% CI, 2.9-10.4] at 12 months) and physical generic QoL (adjusted mean Short Form 36 Physical Component Summary score difference of -3.8 [95% CI, -5.5 to -2.1] at baseline, -4.8 [95% CI, -6.4 to -3.1] at 3 months, and -4.1 [95% CI, -5.8 to -2.3] at 12 months). Elevated troponin levels were also associated with lower PE-specific QoL at 3 months and lower physical generic QoL at 3 and 12 months. QoL did not differ by hemodynamic status or right ventricular function.
CONCLUSION
Severe PE based on the sPESI was consistently associated with worse PE-specific and physical generic QoL over time as compared to nonsevere PE.
Topics: Pulmonary Embolism; Humans; Quality of Life; Female; Male; Aged; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Troponin T; Aged, 80 and over; Middle Aged; Hemodynamics; Ventricular Function, Right; Time Factors; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38966659
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.10.016 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was characterized by single or multiple masses in organs, which may mimic various inflammatory and malignant diseases. Here, we summarize...
BACKGROUND
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was characterized by single or multiple masses in organs, which may mimic various inflammatory and malignant diseases. Here, we summarize 4 patients with aggressive manifestations of IgG4-RD that mimic nasopharynx cancer to provide some new sights for the diagnosis of IgG4-RD.
CASE SUMMARY
Four patients were included in our series. The age ranged from 53 to 64 years old, and the duration of the disease ranged from 4 to 6 months. The chief complaints included headache, rhinorrhea, or diplopia. All patients had more than 10 IgG4+ plasma cells/HPF in immunohistochemistry with plasma lgG4 levels ranging from 218 mg/dL to 765 mg/dL. All of them met the diagnostic criteria of lgG4-RD.
CONCLUSION
The described case is highly similar to the clinical manifestations of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although pathology is the gold standard, there are still limitations. Serological IgG4 can help confirm the diagnosis. Timely diagnosis of IgG4-RD is of great significance in preventing secondary organ damage in patients with active diseases.
Topics: Humans; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease; Middle Aged; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Male; Immunoglobulin G; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Plasma Cells
PubMed: 38966645
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1322159 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024IL-27, a member of the IL-6/IL-12 cytokine superfamily, is primarily secreted by antigen presenting cells, specifically by dendric cells, macrophages and B cells. IL-27... (Review)
Review
IL-27, a member of the IL-6/IL-12 cytokine superfamily, is primarily secreted by antigen presenting cells, specifically by dendric cells, macrophages and B cells. IL-27 has antiviral activities and modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses against viruses. The role of IL-27 in the setting of viral infections is not well defined and both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions have been described. Here, we discuss the latest advancements in the role of IL-27 in several viral infection models of human disease. We highlight important aspects of IL-27 expression regulation, the critical cell sources at different stages of the infection and their impact in cell mediated immunity. Lastly, we discuss the need to better define the antiviral and modulatory (pro-inflammatory vs anti-inflammatory) properties of IL-27 in the context of human chronic viral infections.
Topics: Humans; Adaptive Immunity; Virus Diseases; Animals; Gene Expression Regulation; Interleukin-27; Viruses; Interleukins
PubMed: 38966644
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395921 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Recent breakthroughs in discovering novel immune signaling pathways have revolutionized different disease treatments. SERPINB9 (Sb9), also known as Proteinase Inhibitor... (Review)
Review
Recent breakthroughs in discovering novel immune signaling pathways have revolutionized different disease treatments. SERPINB9 (Sb9), also known as Proteinase Inhibitor 9 (PI-9), is a well-known endogenous inhibitor of Granzyme B (GzmB). GzmB is a potent cytotoxic molecule secreted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, which plays a crucial role in inducing apoptosis in target cells during immune responses. Sb9 acts as a protective mechanism against the potentially harmful effects of GzmB within the cells of the immune system itself. On the other hand, overexpression of Sb9 is an important mechanism of immune evasion in diseases like cancers and viral infections. The intricate functions of Sb9 in different cell types represent a fine-tuned regulatory mechanism for preventing immunopathology, protection against autoimmune diseases, and the regulation of cell death, all of which are essential for maintaining health and responding effectively to disease challenges. Dysregulation of the Sb9 will disrupt human normal physiological condition, potentially leading to a range of diseases, including cancers, inflammatory conditions, viral infections or other pathological disorders. Deepening our understanding of the role of Sb9 will aid in the discovery of innovative and effective treatments for various medical conditions. Therefore, the objective of this review is to consolidate current knowledge regarding the biological role of Sb9. It aims to offer insights into its discovery, structure, functions, distribution, its association with various diseases, and the potential of nanoparticle-based therapies targeting Sb9.
Topics: Humans; Serpins; Animals; Neoplasms; Granzymes; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38966643
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1422113 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Pathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniases involves parasite growth, persistent inflammation, and likely participation of lipoproteins (LP). The cholesteryl ester transfer...
INTRODUCTION
Pathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniases involves parasite growth, persistent inflammation, and likely participation of lipoproteins (LP). The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), involved in LP remodeling, has been shown to participate in the inflammatory response and the evolution of infectious conditions.
METHODS
We evaluated the impact of the presence of CETP on infection by in an experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis using C57BL6/J mice transgenic for human CETP (CETP), having as control their littermates that do not express the protein, wild-type (WT) mice. The progression of the lesion after infection in the footpad was monitored for 12 weeks. Two groups of animals were formed to collect the plantar pad in the 4th and 12th week post-infection.
RESULTS
The lesion increased from the 3rd week onwards, in both groups, with a gradual decrease from the 10th week onwards in the CETP group compared to the WT group, showing a reduction in parasitism and an improvement in the healing process, a reduction in CD68+ cells, and an increase in CD163+ and CD206, characterizing a population of M2 macrophages. A reduction in ARG1+ cells and an increase in INOS+ cells were observed. During infection, the LP profile showed an increase in triglycerides in the VLDL fraction in the CETP group at 12 weeks. Gene expression revealed a decrease in the CD36 receptor in the CETP group at 12 weeks, correlating with healing and parasite reduction. , macrophages derived from bone marrow cells from CETP mice showed lower parasite load at 48 h and, a reduction in arginase activity at 4 h accompanied by increased NO production at 4 and 24 h compared to WT macrophages, corroborating the in vivo findings.
DISCUSSION
The data indicate that the presence of CETP plays an important role in resolving infection, reducing parasitism, and modulating the inflammatory response in controlling infection and tissue repair.
Topics: Animals; Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Macrophages; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Humans; Disease Progression; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38966642
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389551 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic those with underlying chronic lung conditions, including tuberculosis (TB), were hypothesized to be at higher risk of severe...
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic those with underlying chronic lung conditions, including tuberculosis (TB), were hypothesized to be at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. However, there is inconclusive clinical and preclinical data to confirm the specific risk SARS-CoV-2 poses for the millions of individuals infected with (M.tb). We and others have found that compared to singly infected mice, mice co-infected with M.tb and SARS-CoV-2 leads to reduced SARS-CoV-2 severity compared to mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 alone. Consequently, there is a large interest in identifying the molecular mechanisms responsible for the reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection severity observed in M.tb and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive characterization of a co-infection model and performed mechanistic modeling to dynamically assess how the innate immune response induced by M.tb restricts viral replication. Our study has successfully identified several cytokines that induce the upregulation of anti-viral genes in lung epithelial cells, thereby providing protection prior to challenge with SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, our study offers a comprehensive understanding of the key pathways induced by an existing bacterial infection that effectively restricts SARS-CoV-2 activity and identifies candidate therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Topics: COVID-19; Animals; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; SARS-CoV-2; Immunity, Innate; Mice; Coinfection; Humans; Tuberculosis; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Severity of Illness Index; Lung; Virus Replication; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Female
PubMed: 38966641
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424374 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Extracellular ATP (eATP) released from damaged cells activates the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) ion channel on the surface of surrounding cells, resulting in calcium influx,...
INTRODUCTION
Extracellular ATP (eATP) released from damaged cells activates the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) ion channel on the surface of surrounding cells, resulting in calcium influx, potassium efflux and inflammasome activation. Inherited changes in the P2X7R gene () influence eATP induced responses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of influence both function and signaling of the receptor, that in addition to ion flux includes pathogen control and immunity.
METHODS
Subjects (n = 105) were admitted to the ICU at the University Hospital Ulm, Germany between June 2018 and August 2019. Of these, subjects with a diagnosis of sepsis (n = 75), were also diagnosed with septic shock (n = 24), and/or pneumonia (n = 42). Subjects with pneumonia (n = 43) included those without sepsis (n = 1), sepsis without shock (n = 29) and pneumonia with septic shock (n = 13). Out of the 75 sepsis/septic shock patients, 33 patients were not diagnosed with pneumonia. Controls (n = 30) were recruited to the study from trauma patients and surgical patients without sepsis, septic shock, or pneumonia. SNP frequencies were determined for 16 SNPs known to affect P2X7R function, and association studies were performed between frequencies of these SNPs in sepsis, septic shock, and pneumonia compared to controls.
RESULTS
The loss-of-function (LOF) SNP rs17525809 (T253C) was found more frequently in patients with septic shock, and non-septic trauma patients when compared to sepsis. The LOF SNP rs2230911 (C1096G) was found to be more frequent in patients with sepsis and septic shock than in non-septic trauma patients. The frequencies of these SNPs were even higher in sepsis and septic patients with pneumonia. The current study also confirmed a previous study by our group that showed a five SNP combination that included the GOF SNPs rs208294 (C489T) and rs2230912 (Q460R) that was designated #21211 was associated with increased odds of survival in severe sepsis.
DISCUSSION
The results found an association between expression of LOF SNPs and presentation to the ICU with sepsis, and septic shock compared to control ICU patients. Furthermore, frequencies of LOF SNPs were found to be higher in sepsis patients with pneumonia compared to those without pneumonia. In addition, a five SNP GOF combination was associated with increased odds of survival in severe sepsis. These results suggest that is required to control infection in pneumonia and that inheritance of LOF variants increases the risk of sepsis when associated with pneumonia. This study confirms that genotyping in pneumonia may identify patients at risk of developing sepsis. The study also identifies P2X7R as a target in sepsis associated with an excessive immune response in subjects with GOF SNP combinations.
Topics: Humans; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Male; Female; Shock, Septic; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Aged; Sepsis; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38966639
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352789 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345473.].
Corrigendum: Translatability of findings from cynomolgus monkey to human suggests a mechanistic role for IL-21 in promoting immunogenicity to an anti-PD-1/IL-21 mutein fusion protein.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345473.].
PubMed: 38966638
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1441999 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Yishen-Tongbi Decoction (YSTB), a traditional Chinese prescription, has been used to improve syndromes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for many years. Previous research has...
BACKGROUND
Yishen-Tongbi Decoction (YSTB), a traditional Chinese prescription, has been used to improve syndromes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for many years. Previous research has shown that YSTB has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the anti-RA effects of YSTB remains unclear.
PURPOSE AND STUDY DESIGN
The purpose of this research was to investigate how YSTB affected mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and RAW264.7 cells induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
RESULTS
The findings show that YSTB could significantly improve the clinical arthritic symptoms of CIA mice (mitigate paw swelling, arthritis score, thymus and spleen indices, augment body weight), downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and IL-17, while upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory like IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Meanwhile, YSTB inhibits bone erosion and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration, synovial proliferation, and joint destruction in CIA mice. In addition, we found that YSTB was able to suppress the LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells, which was ascribed to the suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production and reactive oxygen species formation (ROS). YSTB also inhibited the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase and reduced the releases of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation expression of JAK2, JAK3, STAT3, p38, ERK and p65 protein could be suppressed by YSTB, while the expression of SOCS3 could be activated.
CONCLUSION
Taken together, YSTB possesses anti-inflammatory and prevention bone destruction effects in RA disease by regulating the JAK/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling pathway.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; RAW 264.7 Cells; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; Arthritis, Experimental; Signal Transduction; Janus Kinases; Male; Cytokines; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Inflammation; Mice, Inbred DBA; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38966637
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1381802