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PLOS Digital Health Jan 2024The interplay between circadian rhythms, time awake, and mood remains poorly understood in the real-world. Individuals in high-stress occupations with irregular...
The interplay between circadian rhythms, time awake, and mood remains poorly understood in the real-world. Individuals in high-stress occupations with irregular schedules or nighttime shifts are particularly vulnerable to depression and other mood disorders. Advances in wearable technology have provided the opportunity to study these interactions outside of a controlled laboratory environment. Here, we examine the effects of circadian rhythms and time awake on mood in first-year physicians using wearables. Continuous heart rate, step count, sleep data, and daily mood scores were collected from 2,602 medical interns across 168,311 days of Fitbit data. Circadian time and time awake were extracted from minute-by-minute wearable heart rate and motion measurements. Linear mixed modeling determined the relationship between mood, circadian rhythm, and time awake. In this cohort, mood was modulated by circadian timekeeping (p<0.001). Furthermore, we show that increasing time awake both deteriorates mood (p<0.001) and amplifies mood's circadian rhythm nonlinearly. These findings demonstrate the contributions of both circadian rhythms and sleep deprivation to underlying mood and show how these factors can be studied in real-world settings using Fitbits. They underscore the promising opportunity to harness wearables in deploying chronotherapies for psychiatric illness.
PubMed: 38295082
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000439 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jan 2024In China, there have been instances of sudden cardiac death among university students, with a significant number of students being at risk of cardiovascular diseases....
BACKGROUND
In China, there have been instances of sudden cardiac death among university students, with a significant number of students being at risk of cardiovascular diseases. This risk is often attributed to sub-health conditions such as weight gain and obesity, which are triggered by sedentary lifestyles, irregular living habits, and unregulated diets. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the guidance for participation in physical activities, encouraging students to actively reduce their risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Jogging, characterized by its convenience, simplicity, and low-risk participation, has been widely accepted by university students. This study takes the impact of jogging on the cardiovascular function of university students as a starting point. It aims to explore the content of the changing process suitable for the development of cardiovascular function in university students. The ultimate goal is to promote the healthy development of the cardiovascular system function in university students and improve their adherence to physical activities.
METHODS
The study recruited 60 university students with no exercise habits through on-campus poster advertisements. These 60 participants were randomly divided into two groups. The students in the experimental group were required to jog no less than three times a week, with each session lasting at least 30 minutes. The organizers of the experiment would remind the students daily in a WeChat group to complete their weekly exercise plan and persist in jogging, promoting the benefits of this activity. During jogging, the students used the Keep mobile application to record their jogging time and heart rate, which they then uploaded to the WeChat group. Follow-ups were conducted with students who did not complete their exercise plan, providing encouragement and guidance to continue participating in the experiment. The study employed a comparative research approach between the experimental group and the control group.
RESULTS
According to the experimental protocol, after 12 weeks of jogging intervention, the cardiovascular health indicators of both male and female students in the experimental group showed positive changes. Measurements of cardiac function indicators in the experimental group of boys SPTI, DPTI, ED has decreased, SEVR has increased, the relevant indicators compared with the relevant indicators of the control group (P < .05) is significant; in the experimental group of girls, SPTI, DPTI, SEVR indicators decreased, ED increased, and compared with the relevant indicators of the control group (P < .01) has a very significant significance. Changes in vascular indicators in the experimental and control groups after the experiment, SBP, DBP, PP, CAP decreased in the experimental group, and DBP, CAP in the male and female groups were found to be (P < .01), with highly significant changes; while SBP, PP intergroup comparison (P < .05), with significant changes.
CONCLUSION
Jogging is a good aerobic exercise program characterized by convenient ways of carrying out simple methods and low risk of participation. The benefits of jogging are not only reflected physiologically but also psychologically; it can make participants enhance their self-confidence and make their moods more pleasant. It can also improve sleep quality and maintain a good mental state. Long-term jogging habits can effectively improve endothelial function and heart contraction function, reduce blood pressure effectively prevent atherosclerosis and prevent CVD by reducing the incidence of CVD risk factors.
PubMed: 38290441
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Biological... Mar 2024Constructing high-density contact-separation sites on conductive materials highly determines the sensitivity of flexible resistance-type sensors relying on the crack...
Carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogel with high-density crack microstructures inspired from the multi-tentacles of octopus for ultrasensitive flexible sensing microsystem.
Constructing high-density contact-separation sites on conductive materials highly determines the sensitivity of flexible resistance-type sensors relying on the crack microstructures. Herein, inspired from the multiple-tentacle structures on octopus, we demonstrated a sort of novel carbonized ZIF-8@loofah (CZL) as conductive material to develop ultrasensitivity flexible sensor, in which the carbonized ZIF-8 nanoparticles (~100 nm) served as tentacles. Originating from the formation of high-density contact-separation sites, the fabricated CZL-based strain sensor delivered ultrahigh sensitivity of GF = 15,901, short response time of 22 ms and excellent durability over 10,000 cycles. These features enable the sensor with efficient monitoring capacity for complex human activities, such as pulse rate and phonation. Moreover, when CZL was assembled into triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), CZL-based TENG can effectively convert the irregular biomechanical energy into electric energy, providing sustainable power supply for the continuous operation of the sensing micro-system. Our findings established a novel platform to develop high-performance self-powered sensing systems of physiological parameter of human inspired from the nature.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Hydrogels; Octopodiformes; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Seafood; Cell Movement; Luffa
PubMed: 38246448
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129533 -
Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) May 2024We aimed to characterize several aspects of retinal vascular dynamics in a patient with arrythmia in order to elicit additional diagnostic information on microvascular...
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to characterize several aspects of retinal vascular dynamics in a patient with arrythmia in order to elicit additional diagnostic information on microvascular dysfunction.
METHODS
A 68-year-old male patient with arrythmia and an age- and gender-matched control subject underwent ocular examination including dynamic retinal vessel assessment with flicker light provocation. Retinal vessel diameters were measured continuously following a standard protocol (IMEDOS Systems, Jena, Germany). The data were evaluated using methods of signal analysis.
RESULTS
Retinal vessel response following flicker provocation as well as local structural and functional behavior of retinal vessels were comparable between both individuals. The arrhythmia case demonstrated irregular arterial and venous heart rate (HR) pulsation with an average frequency of 1 Hz. Moreover, the case showed a higher magnitude and larger periods of low-frequency retinal vessel oscillations as well as lower periodicity of both HR pulsations and low-frequency vasomotions.
CONCLUSIONS
Besides numerical examination of irregular HR pulsations in case of arrhythmia, from the direct noninvasive assessment of retinal vessel dynamics one can derive more detailed information on microvascular function including the whole spectrum of retinal arterial and venous pulsations and vasomotions. This may have implications for health screening not limited to atrial fibrillation.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Retinal Vessels; Heart Rate; Arrhythmias, Cardiac
PubMed: 38241091
DOI: 10.1111/micc.12844 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023In atrial fibrillation (AF), the ECG P-wave, which represents atrial depolarization, is replaced with chaotic and irregular fibrillation waves (f waves). The f-wave...
In atrial fibrillation (AF), the ECG P-wave, which represents atrial depolarization, is replaced with chaotic and irregular fibrillation waves (f waves). The f-wave frequency, , shows significant variations over time. Cardiorespiratory interactions regulated by the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to play a role in such variations. We conducted a simulation study to test whether the spatiotemporal release pattern of the parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) modulates the frequency of atrial reentrant circuits. Understanding parasympathetic involvement in AF may guide more effective treatment approaches and could help to design autonomic markers alternative to heart rate variability (HRV), which is not available in AF patients. 2D tissue and 3D whole-atria models of human atrial electrophysiology in persistent AF were built. Different ACh release percentages (8% and 30%) and spatial ACh release patterns, including spatially random release and release from ganglionated plexi (GPs) and associated nerves, were considered. The temporal pattern of ACh release, ACh(), was simulated following a sinusoidal waveform of frequency 0.125 Hz to represent the respiratory frequency. Different mean concentrations and peak-to-peak ranges of ACh (ΔACh) were tested. We found that temporal variations in , (), followed the simulated temporal ACh() pattern in all cases. The temporal mean of (), , depended on the fibrillatory pattern (number and location of rotors), the percentage of ACh release nodes and . The magnitude of () modulation, Δ , depended on the percentage of ACh release nodes and ΔACh. The spatial pattern of ACh release did not have an impact on and only a mild impact on Δ . The f-wave frequency, being indicative of vagal activity, has the potential to drive autonomic-based therapeutic actions and could replace HRV markers not quantifiable from AF patients.
PubMed: 38235381
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1189464 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2023The rising adoption of wearable technology increases the potential to identify arrhythmias. However, specificity of these notifications is poorly defined and may cause...
Evaluation of atrial fibrillation using wearable device signals and home blood pressure data in the Michigan Predictive Activity & Clinical Trajectories in Health (MIPACT) Study: A Subgroup Analysis (MIPACT-AFib).
BACKGROUND
The rising adoption of wearable technology increases the potential to identify arrhythmias. However, specificity of these notifications is poorly defined and may cause anxiety and unnecessary resource utilization. Herein, we report results of a follow-up screening protocol for incident atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) within a large observational digital health study.
METHODS
The MIPACT Study enrolled 6,765 adult patients who were provided an Apple Watch and blood pressure (BP) monitors. From March to July 2019, participants were asked to contact the study team for any irregular heart rate (HR) notification. They were assessed using structured questionnaires and asked to provide 6 Apple Watch EKGs. Those with arrhythmias or non-diagnostic EKGs were sent 7-day monitors. The EHR was reviewed after 3 years to determine if participants developed arrhythmias.
RESULTS
86 participants received notifications and met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 50.5 (SD 16.9) years, and 46 (53.3%) were female. Of 76 participants assessed by the study team, 32 (42.1%) reported anxiety surrounding notifications. Of 59 participants who sent at least 1 EKG, 52 (88.1%) were in sinus rhythm, 3 (5.1%) AF, 2 (3.4%) indeterminate, and 2 (3.4%) sinus bradycardia. Cardiac monitor demonstrated AF in 2 of 3 participants with AF on Apple Watch EKGs. 2 contacted their PCPs and were diagnosed with AF. In total, 5 cases of AF were diagnosed with 1 additional case identified during EHR review.
CONCLUSION
Wearable devices produce alarms that can frequently be anxiety provoking. Research is needed to determine the implications of these alarms and appropriate follow-up.
PubMed: 38188255
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1243574 -
Anatolian Journal of Cardiology Jan 2024The aim of this study was to examine the effect of myricetin on cardiac dysfunction caused by high fructose intake.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of myricetin on cardiac dysfunction caused by high fructose intake.
METHODS
Fructose was given to the rats as a 20% solution in drinking water for 15 weeks. Myricetin was administered by oral gavage for the last 6 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method. The effects of isoprenaline, phenylephrine, and acetylcholine on cardiac contractility and rhythmicity were recorded in the isolated right atrium and left ventricular papillary muscles. In addition to biochemical measurements, the cardiac expressions of cellular stress-related proteins were determined by western blotting.
RESULTS
Myricetin improved systolic blood pressure but did not affect body weight, plasma glucose, and triglyceride levels in fructose-fed rats. The impairment of isoprenaline- and phenylephrine-mediated increases in atrial contraction and sinus rate in fructose-fed rats was restored by myricetin treatment. Isoprenaline, phenylephrine, and acetylcholine-mediated papillary muscle contractions were not changed by fructose or myricetin administration. The expression of the mitochondrial fission marker dynamin-related protein 1 and the mitophagic marker PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) was enhanced in the fructose-fed rat, and myricetin treatment markedly attenuated PINK1 expression. High-fructose intake augmented phosphorylation of the proinflammatory molecule Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and the stress-regulated kinase JNK1, but myricetin only reduced NF-κB expression. Moreover, myricetin diminished the elevation in the expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax.
CONCLUSION
Our results imply that myricetin has a protective role in cardiac irregularities induced by a high-fructose diet through reducing systolic blood pressure, improving cardiac adrenergic responses, suppressing PINK1, NF-κB, and Bax expression, and thus reflecting a potential therapeutic value.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Blood Pressure; NF-kappa B; Acetylcholine; Fructose; Isoproterenol; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Phenylephrine; Heart Diseases; Protein Kinases
PubMed: 38167793
DOI: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2023.3866 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2023Heart rate (HR) is closely related to heart rhythm patterns, and its irregularity can imply serious health problems. Therefore, HR is used in the diagnosis of many... (Review)
Review
Heart rate (HR) is closely related to heart rhythm patterns, and its irregularity can imply serious health problems. Therefore, HR is used in the diagnosis of many health conditions. Traditionally, HR has been measured through an electrocardiograph (ECG), which is subject to several practical limitations when applied in everyday settings. In recent years, the emergence of smartphones and microelectromechanical systems has allowed innovative solutions for conveniently measuring HR, such as smartphone ECG, smartphone photoplethysmography (PPG), and seismocardiography (SCG). However, these measurements generally rely on external sensor hardware or are highly susceptible to inaccuracies due to the presence of significant levels of motion artifact. Data from gyrocardiography (GCG), however, while largely overlooked for this application, has the potential to overcome the limitations of other forms of measurements. For this scoping review, we performed a literature search on HR measurement using smartphone gyroscope data. In this review, from among the 114 articles that we identified, we include seven relevant articles from the last decade (December 2012 to January 2023) for further analysis of their respective methods for data collection, signal pre-processing, and HR estimation. The seven selected articles' sample sizes varied from 11 to 435 participants. Two articles used a sample size of less than 40, and three articles used a sample size of 300 or more. We provide elaborations about the algorithms used in the studies and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Across the articles, we noticed an inconsistency in the algorithms used and a lack of established standardization for performance evaluation for HR estimation using smartphone GCG data. Among the seven articles included, five did not perform any performance evaluation, while the other two used different reference signals (HR and PPG respectively) and metrics for accuracy evaluation. We conclude the review with a discussion of challenges and future directions for the application of GCG technology.
PubMed: 38164464
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1329290 -
Chronobiology International Feb 2024Sleep regularity and chronotype can affect health, performance, and overall well-being. This observational study examines how sleep regularity and chronotype affect... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Sleep regularity and chronotype can affect health, performance, and overall well-being. This observational study examines how sleep regularity and chronotype affect sleep quality and cardiorespiratory metrics. Data was collected from 1 January 2019 through 30 December 2019 from over 330 000 Sleep Number smart bed users across the United States who opted into this at-home study. A pressure signal from the smart bed reflected bed presence, movements, heart rate (HR), and breathing rate (BR). Participants (mean age: 55.69 years [SD: 14.0]; 51.2% female) were categorized by chronotype (16.8% early; 62.2% intermediate, 20.9% late) and regularity of sleep timing. Participants who were regular sleepers (66.1%) experienced higher percent restful sleep and lower mean HR and BR compared to the 4.8% categorized as irregular sleepers. Regular early-chronotype participants displayed better sleep and cardiorespiratory parameters compared to those with regular late-chronotypes. Significant variations were noted in sleep duration (Cohen's d = 1.54 and 0.88, respectively) and restful sleep (Cohen's d = 1.46 and 0.82, respectively) between early and late chronotypes, particularly within regular and irregular sleep patterns. This study highlights how sleep regularity and chronotype influence sleep quality and cardiorespiratory metrics. Irrespective of chronotype, sleep regularity demonstrated a substantial effect. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Male; Circadian Rhythm; Sleep; Sleep Quality; Sleep Wake Disorders; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38153128
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2298267 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Mar 2024Lead (Pb) is present in aquatic environments with a continuous or pulse form due to the regular or irregular discharge of wastewater. These two modes of exposure result...
Lead (Pb) is present in aquatic environments with a continuous or pulse form due to the regular or irregular discharge of wastewater. These two modes of exposure result in different toxicological effects on aquatic animals. To compare the effects of Pb exposure mode on the swimming behavior of amphibian larvae, this study proposed a combination method to examine the brain-gut axis (gut bacteria, histopathology, metabolomics, and ethology) in order to evaluate the ecotoxic differences in Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (Gs 21-28) when exposed to continuous (CE100) versus pulse exposure (PE100) of environmental concentrations of Pb (100 μg/L). The results showed that: 1) CE100 significantly decreased the movement distance and swimming activity of the tadpoles compared to PE100 and the control, while there were no significant differences between the control group and PE100. 2) At the phyla level, compared to PE100, CE100 treatment significantly decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes and increased the abundance of Fusobacteria in the gut. At the genus level, compared to PE100, CE100 significantly increased the abundance of U114 and decreased the abundance of Anaerorhabdus, Exiguobacterium and Microbacterium. 3) Compared to PE100, CE100 changed the metabolites of the brain-gut axis pathway, such as quinolinic acid, L-valine, L-dopa, L-histidine, urocanic acid, L-threonine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), L-glutamate (Glu), acetylcholine (Ach), L-tyrosine (Tyr), L-tryptophan (Trp), and levodopa (DOPA). 4) CE100 and PE100 played a repressive role in the histidine metabolism and tyrosine metabolism pathways and played a promoting role in the purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism pathways. This study provides a method for evaluating the toxic effects of heavy metal exposure via two different exposure modes (pulse versus continuous) which tadpoles may encounter in the natural environment from a combined study examining the brain-gut axis.
Topics: Animals; Larva; Brain-Gut Axis; Lead; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Swimming; Bacteria; Firmicutes
PubMed: 38150764
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133267