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Ugeskrift For Laeger May 2024
PubMed: 38808768
DOI: 10.61409/V72025 -
Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 2024Maxim (1888) is a medicinal species of the genus in the Illiciaceae family. It is commonly used to cure gastro-frigid vomiting, cystic hernia, gas pains in the chest,...
Maxim (1888) is a medicinal species of the genus in the Illiciaceae family. It is commonly used to cure gastro-frigid vomiting, cystic hernia, gas pains in the chest, and scabies as folk medicine. To utilize its resources efficiently, the complete chloroplast genome of was sequenced, assembled, and annotated by using high-throughput sequencing data. The complete chloroplast genome was 143,038 bp in length, with a large single-copy region (LSC) of 101,094 bp, a short single-copy region (SSC) of 20,070 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 21,874 bp. A total of 113 genes were annotated, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree exhibited that form a sister group, and were nested in the monophyletic clade of the genus.
PubMed: 38800621
DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2356753 -
Narra J Apr 2024Norwegian scabies is a rare scabies with the manifestation of thick crusts of the extremities of the skin that contain eggs and mites. Several conditions in which...
Norwegian scabies is a rare scabies with the manifestation of thick crusts of the extremities of the skin that contain eggs and mites. Several conditions in which scabies infection is easily transmitted include immunocompromised, home nursing, and severe neurological disorder. The aim of this case report was to present a thorough analysis of a comprehensive resource for the management of Norwegian scabies patients, with a specific focus on individuals who also have HIV or other immunocompromising diseases. A 1-year-and-7-month-old boy was presented to the hospital with a chief complaint of a thick crust that he had experienced for four months. It began as a red papule in the lower extremity, then crusted and spread to the whole body. The patient kept scratching due to itching, had a recurrent fever and diarrhea for three months, and cough for one month. The patient was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pulmonary tuberculosis at three months, suspected to get the infection from the parents. was found from microscopy examination of skin scraping. The patient received holistic treatment, including antiretroviral drugs, antituberculosis medication, scabies treatment, and malnutrition treatment. Appropriate scabies treatment aimed at peeling crusted skin, relieving itching, and increasing the patient ability to use the extremities. Comorbidity conditions caused by HIV and pulmonary tuberculosis should also be treated to optimize the outcome. The patient was discharged in good condition with sanitation education and regular follow-up at the outpatient clinic. This case highlights that infestation may be a clue to an immunocompromised condition. Holistic therapy aiming to cure underlying infection, infestation and underlying nutrition and psychosocial problems must be addressed to fully cure this high-burden case.
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Male; Infant; HIV Infections; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Immunocompromised Host
PubMed: 38798868
DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.661 -
Archives of Dermatological Research May 2024Skin diseases continue to affect human health and cause a significant disease burden on the healthcare system.We aimed to report the changing trends in the burden of...
Skin diseases continue to affect human health and cause a significant disease burden on the healthcare system.We aimed to report the changing trends in the burden of skin disease in China from 1990 to 2019, Which has an important role in developing targeted prevention strategies. We applied Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 analytical tools to calculate the age-standardized Prevalence and Incidence in 2019, number of years lived with disability (YLDs) and age-standardized YLDs from 1990 to 2019 of skin and subcutaneous diseases, notifiable infectious skin diseases and skin tumors in China. Among the skin and subcutaneous diseases in China in 2019, dermatitis contributed to the greatest YLD (2.17 million, 95% uncertainty interval[UI]: 1.28-3.36). Age-standardized YLD rates for leprosy decreased from 0.09 (95%UI: 0.06-0.13) in 1990 to 0.04 (95%UI: 0.03-0.06) in 2019; the proportional decrease was 55.56% over 30 years. Age-standardized YLDs for HIV and sexually transmitted infections increased by 26% during the same time period. Age-standardized YLDs for non-melanoma skin cancer increased at a much higher rate than melanoma between 1990 and 2019. Dermatitis and scabies continue to have an important role in the burden of skin and subcutaneous disease burden in China. The burden of non-melanoma cell cancer has increased most significantly over the past three decades.
Topics: Humans; China; Global Burden of Disease; Female; Prevalence; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Skin Diseases; Incidence; Aged; Young Adult; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Skin Neoplasms; Infant; Cost of Illness; Risk Factors; Disability-Adjusted Life Years; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38796625
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03046-5 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Oct 2024Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn is a vascular plant belonging to the genus Picrasma of Simaroubaceae family and grows in Korea, China, India, Taiwan, and Japan....
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn is a vascular plant belonging to the genus Picrasma of Simaroubaceae family and grows in Korea, China, India, Taiwan, and Japan. Picrasma quassioides extract has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer properties. Moreover, this plant has been also traditionally used to alleviate symptoms of eczema, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scabies, and boils in skin.
AIM OF THE STUDY
The Pq-EE has been reported in Chinese pharmacopoeia for its pharmacological effects on skin. However, the detailed mechanism on alleviating skin conditions is not understood. Hence, we investigated the skin improvement potential of Pq-EE against skin damage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We used the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and mouse melanoma cell line (B16F10) to study the effects of Pq-EE on the epidermis. Additionally, in vitro antioxidant assays were performed using a solution that included either metal ions or free radicals.
RESULTS
In colorimetric antioxidant assays, Pq-EE inhibited free radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The Pq-EE did not affect cell viability and promoted cell survival under UVB exposure conditions in the MTT assay. The Pq-EE downregulated the mRNA levels of apoptotic factors. Moreover, MMP1 and inflammatory cytokine iNOS mRNA levels decreased with Pq-EE treatment. With regard to protein levels, caspases and cleaved caspases were more powerfully inhibited by Pq-EE than UVB-irritated conditions. p53 and Bax also decreased with Pq-EE treatment. The melanin contents and secretion were decreased at nontoxic concentrations of Pq-EE. The pigmentation pathway genes also were inhibited by treatment with Pq-EE.
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, we suggest the cell protective potential of Pq-EE against UVB and ROS, indicating its use in UV-protective cosmeceutical materials.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Plant Extracts; Apoptosis; Humans; Mice; Picrasma; Antioxidants; Melanins; Ethanol; HaCaT Cells; Keratinocytes; Cell Line, Tumor; Melanoma, Experimental; Cell Survival; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
PubMed: 38789093
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118374 -
Journal of the American Academy of... May 2024
PubMed: 38789048
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.03.055 -
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Feb 2024One of the most common and significant symptoms for skin disorders is pruritus. Additionally, it serves as a significant catalyst for the exacerbation or reoccurrence of... (Review)
Review
One of the most common and significant symptoms for skin disorders is pruritus. Additionally, it serves as a significant catalyst for the exacerbation or reoccurrence of skin diseases. Pruritus seriously affects patients' physical and mental health, and even the quality of life. It brings a heavy burden to the patients, the families, even the whole society. The pathogenesis and regulation mechanisms for pruritus are complicated and have not yet been elucidated. Previous clinical studies have shown that itch worsens at night in scabies, chronic pruritus, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis, suggesting that skin pruritus may change with circadian rhythm. Cortisol, melatonin, core temperature, cytokines, and prostaglandins are the main regulatory factors of the circadian rhythm of pruritus. Recent studies have shown that some CLOCK genes, such as , , , and , play an important role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of pruritus by regulating the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms for circadian clock genes in regulation of circadian rhythm of pruritus have not been fully elucidated. Further studies on the mechanism of circadian clock genes in the regulation of circadian rhythm of pruritus will lay a foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms for pruritus, and also provide new ideas for the control of pruritus and the alleviation of skin diseases.
Topics: Pruritus; Humans; Circadian Rhythm; CLOCK Proteins; Signal Transduction; Melatonin; ARNTL Transcription Factors; NF-kappa B; Circadian Clocks
PubMed: 38755715
DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230397 -
Molecular Biology Reports May 2024Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common genetically predisposed, inflammatory, and pruritic skin disorder that affects dogs globally. To date, there are no specific...
BACKGROUND
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common genetically predisposed, inflammatory, and pruritic skin disorder that affects dogs globally. To date, there are no specific biomarkers available to diagnose CAD, and the current diagnosis is based on a combination of criteria including patient history, clinical signs, and exclusion of other relevant differential diagnoses.
METHODS AND RESULTS
We examined the gene expression of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as miR-203 and miR-483 in plasma, in three groups: healthy dogs, CAD dogs, and other inflammatory pruritic skin diseases (OIPSD) such as pemphigus foliaceus, scabies, cutaneous lymphoma, and dermatophytosis. Our results showed that PDE4D gene expression in the CAD group is statistically higher compared to those in the healthy and OIPSD groups, suggesting PDE4D may be a specific marker for CAD. Nevertheless, no correlation was found between PDE4D gene expression levels and the lesion severity gauged by CAD severity index-4 (CADESI-4). We also showed that miR-203 is a generic marker for clinical dermatitis and differentiates both CAD and OIPSD inflammatory conditions from healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS
We show that PDE4D is a potential marker to differentiate CAD from non-atopic healthy and OIPSD while miR-203 may be a potential marker for general dermatologic inflammation. Future study of PDE4D and miR-203 on a larger scale is warranted.
Topics: Dermatitis, Atopic; Animals; Dogs; MicroRNAs; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; Biomarkers; Dog Diseases; Male; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Female
PubMed: 38734860
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09605-3 -
Scientific Reports May 2024Various kinds of pets have been known to contract the ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei. Current acaricides are becoming less effective because of the resistance developed...
Various kinds of pets have been known to contract the ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei. Current acaricides are becoming less effective because of the resistance developed by the mite besides their adverse effects on the general activity and reproductive performance of domestic pets. For this reason, the present study aims to discover a novel and safe approach using silver and gold nanoparticles to fight Sarcoptic mange in rabbits as well as to explain their mechanism of action. 15 pet rabbits with clinical signs of Sarcoptic mange that were confirmed by the microscopic examination were used in our study. All rabbits used in this study were assessed positive for the presence of different developing stages of S. scabiei. Three groups of rabbits (n = 5) were used as follows: group (1) didn't receive any treatment, and group (2 and 3) was treated with either AgNPs or GNPs, respectively. Both nanoparticles were applied daily on the affected skin areas via a dressing and injected subcutaneously once a week for 2 weeks at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg bwt. Our results revealed that all rabbits were severely infested and took a mean score = 3. The skin lesions in rabbits that didn't receive any treatments progressed extensively and took a mean score = of 4. On the other hand, all nanoparticle-treated groups displayed marked improvement in the skin lesion and took an average score of 0-1. All NPs treated groups showed remarkable improvement in the microscopic pictures along with mild iNOS, TNF-α, and Cox-2 expression. Both nanoparticles could downregulate the m-RNA levels of IL-6 and IFγ and upregulate IL-10 and TGF-1β genes to promote skin healing. Dressing rabbits with both NPs didn't affect either liver and kidney biomarkers or serum Ig levels indicating their safety. Our residual analysis detected AgNPs in the liver of rabbits but did not detect any residues of GNPs in such organs. We recommend using GNPs as an alternative acaricide to fight rabbit mange.
Topics: Animals; Rabbits; Metal Nanoparticles; Gold; Scabies; Silver; Sarcoptes scabiei; Skin
PubMed: 38724594
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60736-w -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Jun 2024Human scabies is a contagious skin condition caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, leading to skin damage and subsequent mechanical irritation from scratching. This...
INTRODUCTION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Human scabies is a contagious skin condition caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, leading to skin damage and subsequent mechanical irritation from scratching. This impaired skin integrity predisposes individuals to skin infections. While the association between scabies and skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes is well-documented, there is limited literature on the risk of surgical site infections in such cases.
CASE PRESENTATION
This case report aims to explore this risk by presenting a case of surgical site infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes following surgery for a complex elbow injury in a patient with scabies infestation.
DISCUSSION
Scabies infestation leads to direct spread of bacteria and contributes to bacterial infection. Furthermore, complement inhibition and dysbiosis induced by the scabies may facilitate the occurrence of these bacterial infections.
CONCLUSION
Skin infections are frequently encountered in scabies infestations. Preferred incision should be evaluated meticulously before surgery. Further studies are needed to reach a definitive conclusion on this subject.
PubMed: 38723439
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109747