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Belitung Nursing Journal 2024Healthcare providers must possess the necessary knowledge and skills to perform effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In the event of cardiopulmonary arrest,...
BACKGROUND
Healthcare providers must possess the necessary knowledge and skills to perform effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In the event of cardiopulmonary arrest, basic life support (BLS) is the initial step in the life-saving process before the advanced CPR team arrives. BLS simulation training using manikins has become an essential teaching methodology in nursing education, enhancing newly employed nurses' knowledge and skills and empowering them to provide adequate resuscitation.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of BLS simulation training on knowledge and practice scores among newly employed nurses in Jordanian government hospitals.
METHODS
A total of 102 newly employed nurses were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group ( = 51) received standard training, and the experimental group ( = 51) received one full day of BLS simulation training. The training program used the American Heart Association (AHA)-BLS-2020 guidelines and integrated theoretical models such as Miller's Pyramid and Kolb's Cycle. Both groups were homogeneous in inclusion characteristics and pretest results. Knowledge and practice scores were assessed using 23 multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA.
RESULTS
The results indicated significant differences in knowledge scores, F = 58.514, <0.001, and practice scores, F = 20.134, <0.001, between the control and experimental groups at all measurement times: pretest, posttest 1, and posttest 2. Moreover, Cohen's d reflected the effectiveness of BLS simulation training as an educational module, showing a large effect (Cohen's d = 1.568) on participants' knowledge levels and a medium effect (Cohen's d = 0.749) on participants' practice levels.
CONCLUSION
The study concludes that BLS simulation training using the AHA-BLS-2020 guidelines and integrating theoretical models such as Miller's Pyramid and Kolb's Cycle significantly improves knowledge and practice scores among newly employed nurses, proving highly effective in enhancing their competencies in performing CPR. Implementing BLS simulation training in nursing education programs can significantly elevate the proficiency of newly employed nurses, ultimately improving patient outcomes during cardiopulmonary arrest situations. This training approach should be integrated into standard nursing curricula to ensure nurses are well-prepared for real-life emergencies.
TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER
NCT06001879.
PubMed: 38947304
DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3328 -
Belitung Nursing Journal 2024Social media has many positive and negative influences on individuals, especially for adolescents related to HIV. However, little is known about how social media impacts...
BACKGROUND
Social media has many positive and negative influences on individuals, especially for adolescents related to HIV. However, little is known about how social media impacts HIV-related outcomes among adolescents in boarding schools.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the social media use, knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behavior at risk of HIV transmission and their relationship with the demographic characteristics of adolescent students at boarding schools.
METHODS
This study was school-based and used a cross-sectional design. The questionnaires were used to assess social network site usage, knowledge, attitudes, and risky behavior. Cluster random sampling involved students ( = 214) from three boarding schools in Cirebon City, West Java, Indonesia, in 2022. Chi-square tests and Cramer's V were used to explore correlations between social and demographic factors.
RESULTS
A considerable number of adolescent students exhibited high social media addiction (58.4%), with the majority possessing limited knowledge of HIV transmission (54.7%). Additionally, nearly half displayed a negative attitude towards preventing HIV transmission (47.2%), while only a small fraction engaged in risky behavior (2.8%). Bivariate analysis revealed that social media use was moderately associated with the type of social media application (φ = 0.246, <0.05). Knowledge of HIV transmission exhibited a moderate correlation with age (φ = 0.331, <0.05), education level (φ = 0.240, <0.001), and exposure to information (φ = 0.269, <0.001). Similarly, attitudes toward HIV prevention demonstrated moderate associations with age (φ = 0.341, = 0.001), education level (φ = 0.317, <0.001), and exposure to information (φ = 0.266, <0.001). Furthermore, risky sexual behavior exhibited a strong association with exposure to pornographic content (φ = 0.730, <0.001).
CONCLUSION
The study found a high prevalence of social media usage among adolescents, coupled with low knowledge about HIV, negative attitudes, and risky behavior. Significant relationships were observed between social media use, knowledge, attitudes, and risky sexual behavior related to HIV transmission and demographic characteristics. This study emphasizes the vital role of nurses and healthcare professionals in implementing targeted educational interventions in boarding schools to address gaps in HIV risk knowledge influenced by social media, ultimately improving strategies for adolescents' sexual health.
PubMed: 38947303
DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3244 -
Belitung Nursing Journal 2024Patients with lupus nephritis experience disease symptoms and side effects from treatment. Although self-management behaviors are important in patients with this...
BACKGROUND
Patients with lupus nephritis experience disease symptoms and side effects from treatment. Although self-management behaviors are important in patients with this disease, there is limited research on the factors influencing these behaviors.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to examine the factors influencing self-management behaviors in patients with lupus nephritis.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 240 patients with lupus nephritis at a university hospital in Thailand between August 2019 and December 2020 using a random sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic and clinical characteristic questionnaire, Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire, Self-efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease: A 6-item Scale, Knowledge about Lupus Nephritis Questionnaire, Family Support Scale, Social Networks in Adult Life Questionnaire, and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale for Lupus Nephritis. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analyses were employed.
RESULTS
The participants reported a moderate level of self-management behaviors. Multiple regression analyses revealed that disease duration, income, symptoms, self-efficacy, knowledge, family support, social networks, and classes of lupus nephritis significantly explained 21% of the variance in self-management behaviors (R = 0.21; F = 7.73; <0.001). Family support (β = 0.32, <0.001) and symptoms (β = -0.23, <0.001) were significant determinants of self-management behaviors in patients with lupus nephritis.
CONCLUSION
The findings provide valuable insight for nurses to better understand the factors influencing self-management behaviors in patients with lupus nephritis. Patients with low family support and high symptom severity may face difficulty in performing self-management behaviors. Nurses should pay more attention to these patients and provide family-based interventions to optimize self-management behaviors in this population.
PubMed: 38947300
DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3257 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Jun 2024This study employed a phenomenological research approach within qualitative research to explore the challenges encountered by elderly individuals with temporary...
BACKGROUND
This study employed a phenomenological research approach within qualitative research to explore the challenges encountered by elderly individuals with temporary colostomies in managing their daily lives and care needs. Protecting the anus surgery combined with temporary colostomy has emerged as a prevalent treatment modality for low rectal cancer. However, the ileostomy is susceptible to peri-stoma skin complications, as well as fluid, electrolyte, and nutritional imbalances, posing challenges to effective management. The successful self-management of patients is intricately linked to their adjustment to temporary colostomy; nonetheless, there remains a dearth of research examining the factors influencing self-care among temporary colostomy patients and the obstacles they confront.
AIM
To investigate the lived experiences, perceptions, and care requirements of temporary colostomy patients within their home environment, with the ultimate goal of formulating a standardized management protocol.
METHODS
Over the period of June to August 2023, a purposive sampling technique was utilized to select 12 patients with temporary intestinal stomas from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. Employing a phenomenological research approach, a semi-structured interview guide was developed, and qualitative interviews were conducted using in-depth interview techniques. The acquired data underwent coding, analysis, organization, and summarization following Colaizzi's seven-step method.
RESULTS
The findings of this study revealed that the experiences and needs of patients with temporary intestinal stomas can be delineated into four principal themes: Firstly, Temporary colostomy patients bear various burdens and concerns about the uncertainty of disease progression; secondly, patients exhibit limited self-care capabilities and face information deficits, resulting in heightened reliance on healthcare professionals; thirdly, patients demonstrate the potential for internal motivation through proactive self-adjustment; and finally, patients express a significant need for emotional and social support.
CONCLUSION
Home-living patients with temporary intestinal stomas confront multifaceted challenges encompassing burdens, inadequate self-care abilities, informational deficits, and emotional needs. Identifying factors influencing patients' self-care at home and proposing strategies to mitigate barriers can serve as a foundational framework for developing and implementing nursing interventions tailored to the needs of patients with temporary intestinal stomas.
PubMed: 38947295
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i22.2893 -
Pulmonary Medicine 2024Bilothorax is defined as the presence of bile in the pleural space. It is a rare condition, and diagnosis is confirmed with a pleural fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Bilothorax is defined as the presence of bile in the pleural space. It is a rare condition, and diagnosis is confirmed with a pleural fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio of >1.
METHODS
The PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and CINAHL databases were searched using predetermined Boolean parameters. The systematic literature review was done per PRISMA guidelines. Retrospective studies, case series, case reports, and conference abstracts were included. The patients with reported pleural fluid analyses were pooled for fluid parameter data analysis.
RESULTS
Of 838 articles identified through the inclusion criteria and removing 105 duplicates, 732 articles were screened with abstracts, and 285 were screened for full article review. After this, 123 studies qualified for further detailed review, and of these, 115 were pooled for data analysis. The mean pleural fluid and serum bilirubin levels were 72 mg/dL and 61 mg/dL, respectively, with a mean pleural fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio of 3.47. In most cases, the bilothorax was reported as a subacute or remote complication of hepatobiliary surgery or procedure, and traumatic injury to the chest or abdomen was the second most common cause. Tube thoracostomy was the main treatment modality (73.83%), followed by serial thoracentesis. Fifty-two patients (51.30%) had associated bronchopleural fistulas. The mortality was considerable, with 18/115 (15.65%) reported death. Most of the patients with mortality had advanced hepatobiliary cancer and were noted to die of complications not related to bilothorax.
CONCLUSION
Bilothorax should be suspected in patients presenting with pleural effusion following surgical manipulation of hepatobiliary structures or a traumatic injury to the chest. This review is registered with CRD42023438426.
Topics: Humans; Bilirubin; Bile; Pleural Effusion; Thoracentesis; Male; Thoracostomy; Female
PubMed: 38947176
DOI: 10.1155/2024/3973056 -
Cancer Innovation Apr 2024Cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, and urological cancers are the most common cancers among men. Several therapeutic agents have been used to treat... (Review)
Review
Cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, and urological cancers are the most common cancers among men. Several therapeutic agents have been used to treat urological cancer, leading to improved survival for patients. However, this has been accompanied by an increase in the frequency of survivors with cardiovascular complications caused by anticancer medications. Here, we propose the novel discipline of uro-cardio-oncology, an evolving subspecialty focused on the complex interactions between cardiovascular disease and urological cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the various cardiovascular toxicities induced by different classes of antineoplastic agents used to treat urological cancers, including androgen deprivation therapy, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapeutics. In addition, we discuss possible mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular toxicity associated with anticancer therapy and outline strategies for the surveillance, diagnosis, and effective management of cardiovascular complications. Finally, we provide an analysis of future perspectives in this emerging specialty, identifying areas in need of further research.
PubMed: 38946935
DOI: 10.1002/cai2.108 -
The Public Policy and Aging Report 2024
PubMed: 38946714
DOI: 10.1093/ppar/prae004 -
Telemedicine Journal and E-health : the... Jul 2024Mobile health (mHealth) has an emerging potential for remote assessment of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and support of emergency care. This study aimed to determine...
Mobile health (mHealth) has an emerging potential for remote assessment of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and support of emergency care. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of TDI detection from smartphone-acquired photographs. The upper and lower anterior teeth of 153 individuals aged ≥ 6 years were photographed using a smartphone camera app. The photos of 148 eligible participants were reviewed independently by a dental specialist, two general dentists, and two dental therapists, using predetermined TDI classification and criteria. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and inter-rater reliability were estimated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the photographic method relative to the reference standard established by the dental specialist. Of the 1,870 teeth screened, one-third showed TDI; and one-seventh of the participants had primary or mixed dentitions. Compared between the specialist's reference standard and four dental professionals' reviews, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for TDI versus non-TDI were 59-95% and 47-93%, respectively, with better performance for urgent types of TDI (78-89% and 99-100%, separately). The diagnostic consistency was also better for the primary/mixed dentitions than the permanent dentition. This study suggested a valid mHealth practice for remote assessment of TDI. A better diagnostic performance in the detection of urgent types of TDI and examination of the primary/mixed dentition was also reported. Future directions include professional development activities involving dental photography and photographic assessment, incorporation of a machine learning technology to aid photographic reviews, and randomized controlled trials in multiple clinical settings.
PubMed: 38946689
DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2024.0012 -
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs Jul 2024Canada legalized the use of non-medical cannabis in 2018. This study examines youth and young adults' knowledge and perceptions of harms, benefits, and education around...
Canada legalized the use of non-medical cannabis in 2018. This study examines youth and young adults' knowledge and perceptions of harms, benefits, and education around cannabis use since legalization. An online survey was completed by a convenience sample of 1,759 individuals aged 12-25 years living in Manitoba, Canada. Most participants ( = 1,525, 86.7%) reported receiving education on the potential effects/harms related to cannabis; the most common topics included driving and cannabis use (79.9%), the mental harms of cannabis (67.4%), and addiction and dependency (66.3%). Youth who reported using cannabis more than once ( = 1,203) were more knowledgeable about the effects of cannabis than youth who never used cannabis or used cannabis once ( = 580; mean score: 6.6 versus 5.7 out of 8, respectively; < .001). Vaping cannabis oil was perceived as the most harmful cannabis product among all participants. Among participants with experience using cannabis, the most frequently reported benefits were relaxation, improved sleep, and enhanced enjoyment of food/music. Half of the participants reported ever being in a car with someone driving high, of which, 40% of these participants reported doing so in the last 30 days. Future tailored education is needed to address knowledge related to cannabis use among youth and young adults who use and do not use cannabis.
PubMed: 38946663
DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2024.2371028 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2024Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer, with 99% of cases linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It reflects global inequity as its burden is highest...
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer, with 99% of cases linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It reflects global inequity as its burden is highest in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the HPV vaccination coverage and its determinant factors among young women in the three sub-Saharan African countries. Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys among three sub-Saharan African countries were used for analysis. A total of 4,952 women were included in the study. Stata 14 was used to analyze the data. The determinants of the outcome variable were identified using a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model. Factors with p-values < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval were declared statistically significant. About 7.5% young women were vaccinated for HPV vaccine against cervical cancer in the current study. Younger age, use of internet, rich economic class, and individual-level media exposure were found to be favorable conditions, whereas being employed was negatively associated with HPV vaccination. Only few segments of young women in these three countries got HPV vaccination. The authors recommend that increasing internet use, media exposure, and economic level of young women will increase the HPV vaccination rates. Furthermore, creating awareness among employed women will also increase the possibility of HPV vaccination.
Topics: Humans; Female; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Young Adult; Papillomavirus Infections; Vaccination Coverage; Adolescent; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Africa South of the Sahara; Adult; Health Surveys; Vaccination; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 38946555
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2370111