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Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) Jun 2024The global incidence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) has risen over the past few decades. However, few studies have evaluated the status and incidence trends of ILD...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The global incidence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) has risen over the past few decades. However, few studies have evaluated the status and incidence trends of ILD in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). This study assesses the trends of ILD incidence across the BRICS with an emphasis on ILD changes from 1990 to 2019.
METHODS
Incidence rates were estimated by the data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Age-period-cohort modelling was used to estimate the effects on ILD from 1990 to 2019, and the net drift and local drift were calculated.
RESULTS
In 2019, a total of 11.4 million cases of ILD were reported in the BRICS countries. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence rate of ILD in BRICS showed an upward trend. India consistently reported the highest incidence rate, while China showed the fastest growth rate (107.6%). Russia reported a similar incidence rates for men and women, with a lower age of peak incidence compared to the other four countries. We found the time effect was unfavourable for BRICS in the first decade, especially for Brazil; in China and Brazil, the risk of people born after 1960 has rapidly decreased.
CONCLUSION
ILD shows a rising incidence in BRICS. with the trends varying based on age and other environmental factors. BRICS should strengthen specific public health approaches and policies for different stages and populations.
PubMed: 38946174
DOI: 10.1111/resp.14785 -
Cell Biology International Jun 2024Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the predominant secondary nephropathy resulting in global end-stage renal disease. It is attracting significant attention in both domestic... (Review)
Review
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the predominant secondary nephropathy resulting in global end-stage renal disease. It is attracting significant attention in both domestic and international research due to its widespread occurrence, fast advancement, and limited choices for prevention and treatment. The pathophysiology of this condition is intricate and involves multiple molecular and cellular pathways at various levels. This article provides a concise overview of the molecular processes involved in the development of DN. It discusses various factors, such as signaling pathways, cytokines, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, cellular damage, autophagy, and epigenetics. The aim is to offer clinicians a valuable reference for DN's diagnosis, treatment, and intervention.
PubMed: 38946126
DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12212 -
Journal of Advanced Nursing Jun 2024To review the current nursing and midwifery contribution to leading digital health (DH) policy and practice and what facilitates and/or challenges this. (Review)
Review
AIM
To review the current nursing and midwifery contribution to leading digital health (DH) policy and practice and what facilitates and/or challenges this.
DESIGN
Integrative literature review.
METHODS
Pre-defined inclusion criteria were used. Study selection and quality assessment using the appropriate critical appraisal tools were undertaken by two authors, followed by narrative synthesis.
DATA SOURCES
Six databases and hand searching for papers published from 2012 to February 2024.
FINDINGS
Four themes were identified from 24 included papers. These are discussed according to the World Health Organization's Global Strategic Directions for Nursing and Midwifery and indicate nurses/midwives are leading DH policy and practice, but this is not widespread or systematically enabled.
CONCLUSION
Nurses and midwives are ideally placed to help improve health outcomes through digital healthcare transformation, but their policy leadership potential is underused.
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE
Nurses/midwives' DH leadership must be optimized to realize maximum benefit from digital transformation. A robust infrastructure enabling nursing/midwifery DH policy leadership is urgently needed.
IMPACT
This study addresses the lack of nursing/midwifery voice in international DH policy leadership. It offers nurses/midwives and health policymakers internationally opportunity to: drive better understanding of nursing/midwifery leadership in a DH policy context; enhance population outcomes by optimizing their contribution; Develop a robust infrastructure to enable this.
REPORTING METHOD
Reporting adheres to the EQUATOR network, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
No patient or public contribution.
PubMed: 38946119
DOI: 10.1111/jan.16265 -
Nursing Open Jul 2024To explore how undergraduate nursing students are assessed on nursing numeracy and medication calculations from the perspective of Australian nurse education leaders.
AIM
To explore how undergraduate nursing students are assessed on nursing numeracy and medication calculations from the perspective of Australian nurse education leaders.
DESIGN
A qualitative study.
METHODS
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 nurse education leaders between November 2022 and January 2023. Braun and Clarke's six phases of thematic analysis were used to analyse the data.
RESULTS
Five key themes were identified: (i) high expectations to keep the public safe, (ii) diverse assessment formats, (iii) different ways of managing assessment integrity, (iv) assessment conditions incongruent to the clinical setting and (v) supporting struggling students.
CONCLUSION
Nurse education leaders set high standards requiring students to achieve 100% in numeracy and medication calculation assessments, thus maintaining the reputation of nursing and patient safety. However, students struggled to meet this expectation. Diverse assessment formats were implemented, with some examination conditions contrary to clinical practice. Currently, there is no benchmark or independent point of registration examination in Australia, hence the problem is each university had a different standard to judge students' competence. Gaining insight into how these assessments are conducted provides an opportunity to work towards an evidence-based model or benchmark for the assessment of numeracy.
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION
Dosage errors in clinical practice threaten patient safety and the reputation of the nursing profession. The accuracy rate of calculations by undergraduate and registered nurses is deficient worldwide. This research highlights a major educational issue, that being the wide variation in how numeracy assessments are conducted with no clear pedagogical rationale for a standardised method. Such assessments would establish a national standard, contributing to quality assurance, the development of the nursing profession and improve patient safety.
Topics: Humans; Qualitative Research; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Australia; Students, Nursing; Drug Dosage Calculations; Educational Measurement; Clinical Competence; Female; Male; Adult; Interviews as Topic; Medication Errors
PubMed: 38946052
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2226 -
Psycho-oncology Jul 2024The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and measurement invariance (MI) of the Chinese version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-short...
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and measurement invariance (MI) of the Chinese version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-short (CERQ-short) in cancer patients.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 505 cancer patients from mainland China. In addition to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the CERQ-short and the distress thermometer were included in the study measures.
RESULTS
Item analysis indicated a promising result. And the results of CFA indicated that the CERQ-short demonstrated satisfactory factorial validity in cancer patients. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were between 0.663 and 0.910, while McDonald's omega coefficients were between 0.664 and 0.910. The CERQ-short had sufficient convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity among cancer patients. Lastly, MI supported that the CERQ-short demonstrated strong measurement equivalence across gender, residence and age.
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that the Chinese version of the CERQ-short has convincing psychometric properties and MI, which supports its use in cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Psychometrics; Male; Female; Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; China; Reproducibility of Results; Adult; Aged; Emotional Regulation; Cognition; Factor Analysis, Statistical
PubMed: 38946040
DOI: 10.1002/pon.6373 -
Journal of Sleep Research Jun 2024Benzodiazepine receptor agonists are often used for insomnia in older adults contrary to current evidence. The harms outweigh the benefits, which are limited. Cognitive...
Sleep should not be this difficult: An interpretive descriptive study of older adults' perspectives on behaviour change elements in Sleepwell and experiences with benzodiazepine discontinuation.
Benzodiazepine receptor agonists are often used for insomnia in older adults contrary to current evidence. The harms outweigh the benefits, which are limited. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia is the first-line recommended treatment. Sleepwell was created as a repository of evidence-based resources to promote cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia and limit benzodiazepine receptor agonist use. This qualitative study uses an interpretive description design and reflexive thematic analysis to explore older adults' perspectives on behavioural change techniques used in Sleepwell resources. It also explores challenges and opportunities towards benzodiazepine receptor agonist discontinuation and cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia use. Participants were recruited from the Sleepwell arm of a randomized controlled trial. Data were collected from 15 older adults using semi-structured interviews. Two main themes were developed: (1) sleep should not be this difficult; and (2) whether you know it, or learn it, drugs are bad. Two sub-themes were created within the first theme: (1) justification of benzodiazepine receptor agonist use to achieve sleep goals; (2) efforts of committing to cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia. Several behavioural change techniques (e.g. information about consequences, anticipated regret, salience of consequences) were enablers of benzodiazepine receptor agonist-related behaviour change. For committing to cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, several behavioural change techniques (e.g. self-monitoring of behaviour, distraction, stimulus substitution) were beneficial, but social support, which was perceived as useful, was absent. Older adults experienced tension with benzodiazepine receptor agonist use and deprescribing, despite knowing or learning the potential consequences of benzodiazepine receptor agonists. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia implementation was challenging. Embedded behavioural change techniques in the Sleepwell booklets were identified as helpful, but more (e.g. social support) are needed to optimize cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia use.
PubMed: 38945830
DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14282 -
American Journal of Critical Care : An... Jul 2024Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring was first introduced into hospitals in the 1960s, initially into critical care, as bedside monitors, and eventually into...
Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring was first introduced into hospitals in the 1960s, initially into critical care, as bedside monitors, and eventually into step-down units with telemetry capabilities. Although the initial use was rather simplistic (ie, heart rate and rhythm assessment), the capabilities of these devices and associated physiologic (vital sign) monitors have expanded considerably. Current bedside monitors now include sophisticated ECG software designed to identify myocardial ischemia (ie, ST-segment monitoring), QT-interval prolongation, and a myriad of other cardiac arrhythmia types. Physiologic monitoring has had similar advances from noninvasive assessment of core vital signs (blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation) to invasive monitoring including arterial blood pressure, temperature, central venous pressure, intracranial pressure, carbon dioxide, and many others. The benefit of these monitoring devices is that continuous and real-time information is displayed and can be configured to alarm to alert nurses to a change in a patient's condition. I think it is fair to say that critical and high-acuity care nurses see these devices as having a positive impact in patient care. However, this enthusiasm has been somewhat dampened in the past decade by research highlighting the shortcomings and unanticipated consequences of these devices, namely alarm and alert fatigue. In this article, which is associated with the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses' Distinguished Research Lecture, I describe my 36-year journey from a clinical nurse to nurse scientist and the trajectory of my program of research focused primarily on ECG and physiologic monitoring. Specifically, I discuss the good, the not so good, and the untapped potential of these monitoring systems in clinical care. I also describe my experiences with community-based research in patients with acute coronary syndrome and/or heart failure.
Topics: Humans; Electrocardiography; Monitoring, Physiologic
PubMed: 38945816
DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2024781 -
American Journal of Critical Care : An... Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Electrocardiography; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38945814
DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2024224 -
American Journal of Critical Care : An... Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Intensive Care Units; Climate Change; Critical Care
PubMed: 38945811
DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2024761 -
American Journal of Critical Care : An... Jul 2024
Topics: Humans
PubMed: 38945810
DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2024321