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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Jan 2024Pain is a major clinical problem across all ages with serious social and economic consequences and a great negative impact on quality of life. Brain entrainment using...
BACKGROUND
Pain is a major clinical problem across all ages with serious social and economic consequences and a great negative impact on quality of life. Brain entrainment using binaural beats is a non-pharmaceutical intervention that is claimed to have analgesic effects in acute and chronic pain. We aimed to systematically review the available randomized clinical trials on the efficacy of binaural auditory beats in reducing adults' pain perception in acute and chronic pain. A systematic search in electronic databases including Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Embase was performed. The search was completed through Google Scholar and a manual search of the reference lists of all included studies. Randomized clinical trials with full text available in English that investigated the effect of binaural auditory beats on pain perception in acute and chronic pain in adults were included. The risk of bias was assessed by the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB 2) tool. Furthermore, The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Sixteen studies (three on chronic pain and thirteen on acute pain perception) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Because of substantial heterogeneity of the studies, a meta-analysis was inappropriate and this review focused on the narrative interpretation of the results. The risk of bias in most studies was high and the quality of evidence was low to very low. Although the effects of binaural beats on pain perception seem to be influenced by the etiology of pain or medical procedures, our review identifies alpha or a combination of tones in the range of delta to alpha as a potential non-pharmacological intervention in reducing acute pain. However, drawing a conclusion regarding the efficacy of binaural beats for chronic pain requires more high-quality studies.
REGISTRATION
The protocol of this review was registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42023425091).
Topics: Humans; Brain; Chronic Pain; Pain Perception; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38216943
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04339-y -
BMC Psychiatry Jan 2024In recent years, mobile psychological interventions have proven effective in reducing self-injury and suicide-related behaviors. Therefore, it is essential to...
BACKGROUND
In recent years, mobile psychological interventions have proven effective in reducing self-injury and suicide-related behaviors. Therefore, it is essential to continually enhance the user experience and address patients' needs to facilitate the development of mobile mental health interventions. Identifying patients with mobile mental health needs can be challenging for mental health professionals. To address this, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative research to synthesize the needs of patients engaged in self-injury and suicide-related behaviors for mobile and internet-based psychological interventions.
METHODS
This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA) and the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research statement (ENTREQ). We explored 11 databases and synthesized the results using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
Sixteen qualitative and mixed-method studies were included. The study found that the needs of patients with self-injury and suicide-related behaviors for mobile psychological intervention included therapy, technology, culture, privacy, communication, emotional support, personalization, and self-management. Consistent with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the needs of patients with self-injury and suicide-related behaviors are influenced by the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of the mobile intervention. However, the findings also highlight the importance and unmet needs of peer support, communication, self-management, and empowerment in using mobile psychological interventions for patients with self-injury and suicide-related behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS
Studies in this area have shown that the needs of patients with self-harm and suicide-related behaviors cover multiple stages, including basic therapeutic and technical needs and advanced emotional needs. This complexity makes it challenging to address the needs of patients engaged in self-injury and suicide-related behaviors through digital interventions. In the future, mental health professionals should be encouraged to participate in multidisciplinary collaborations to expand the use of digital interventions, enhancing remote self-management for patients and providing new strategies for the ongoing care of psychiatric patients. We registered the review protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42022324958).
Topics: Humans; Internet; Mental Health; Psychosocial Intervention; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicidal Ideation; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 38178028
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05477-2 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and... Dec 2023Postpartum depression (PPD) is classified under postpartum psychiatric disorders and initiates soon after birthing, eliciting neuropsychological and behavioral deficits... (Review)
Review
Postpartum depression (PPD) is classified under postpartum psychiatric disorders and initiates soon after birthing, eliciting neuropsychological and behavioral deficits in mothers and offspring. Globally, PPD is estimated to be associated with 130-190 per 1000 birthing. The severity and incidences of PPD have aggravated in the recent years due to the several unfavorable environmental and geopolitical circumstances. The purpose of this systematic review hence is to explore the contributions of recent circumstances on the pathogenesis and incidence of PPD. The search, selection and retrieval of the articles published during the last three years were systematically performed. The results from the primary studies indicate that unfavorable contemporary socio-geopolitical and environmental circumstances (e.g. Covid-19 pandemic, political conflicts/wars, and natural calamities; such as floods and earthquakes) detrimentally affect PPD etiology. A combination of socio-economic and psychological factors, including perceived lack of support and anxiousness about the future may contribute to drastic aggravation of PPD incidences. Finally, we outline some of the potential treatment regimens (e.g. inter-personal psycho- and art-based therapies) that may prove to be effective in amelioration of PPD-linked symptoms in birthing women, either alone or in complementation with traditional pharmacological interventions. We propose these psychological and art-based intervention strategies may beneficially counteract the negative influences of the unfortunate recent events across multiple cultures, societies and geographical regions.
Topics: Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Pandemics; Incidence; Postpartum Period; Mothers; Risk Factors; Natural Disasters
PubMed: 38050938
DOI: 10.1080/0167482X.2023.2278016 -
Heart & Lung : the Journal of Critical... 2024Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect worldwide. Neurocognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders, which can impact daily life, have been... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect worldwide. Neurocognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders, which can impact daily life, have been reported in over 50% of adolescents and young adults with moderate to complex CHD.
OBJECTIVE
Conduct a systematic review of sex, clinical, psychological and social determinants of health (SDoH) factors affecting neurocognition in adults with CHD post-cardiac surgery.
METHODS
PubMed, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Embase were searched for relevant studies over the past 5 years. Thirteen articles met inclusion criteria of: 1) CHD post-cardiac surgery, 2) age ≥ 18 years, and 3) used a validated measure of neurocognition.
RESULTS
A total of 507 articles were identified. After screening, 30 articles underwent full text review yielding 13 eligible articles. Twelve articles reported deficits in multiple domains including executive function, intellectual functioning, visuospatial ability, and verbal fluency in more complex CHD. Only three studies examined cognition based on sex, with female and lower parental SES associated with worse cognitive outcomes. Most studies were from Europe, predominantly sampled Caucasian participants, had heterogeneous samples of CHD complexity, and lacked standardized cognitive measures which limited generalizability of findings.
CONCLUSIONS
Adults with CHD present with a wide variety of cognitive deficits, with some associations with sex, clinical history, and SDoH factors. It remains unclear to what degree these factors affect cognition in adults with moderate to complex CHD. Future longitudinal studies should focus on age-related effects on cognition and potential health care disparities in diverse CHD samples.
Topics: Adolescent; Young Adult; Humans; Female; Heart Defects, Congenital; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction
PubMed: 38043432
DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.11.011 -
Journal of Caring Sciences Sep 2023Patient education is an independent role of nurses performed in nurse-led clinics (NLCs). The measurement of patient education outcomes validates whether nursing... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Patient education is an independent role of nurses performed in nurse-led clinics (NLCs). The measurement of patient education outcomes validates whether nursing educational interventions have a positive effect on patients, which helps determine whether changes in care are needed. Standardized nursing terminologies facilitate the evaluation of educational outcomes. We aimed to explore the outcomes of patient education in NLCs based on the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) system.
METHODS
The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched "Medline", "Embase", "Web of Science", and "Scopus" databases for articles published between 2000 and 2022. Based on the search strategy, 1157 articles were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. After excluding the duplicates, 978 articles were appraised. 133 articles remained after reading the titles and abstracts of the articles. In the next step, the articles were evaluated regarding methodology, research population, and exclusion criteria, after which 112 articles were omitted, and finally, 21 articles were included in the full-text review. We assessed all included studies using the Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies checklist.
RESULTS
A total of 21 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. "Physiologic health", "functional health", "psychosocial health", "health knowledge and behavior", and "perceived health" were the domains of nursing outcomes investigated as Patient Education Outcomes in NLCs.
CONCLUSION
Most of the outcomes were linked to lifestyle-related chronic diseases and, further studies are needed to determine the effects of patient education provided in NLCs in terms of family/society health outcomes.
PubMed: 38020736
DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2023.31891 -
Implementation Science Communications Nov 2023Improving access to high-quality healthcare for individuals in correctional settings is critical to advancing health equity in the United States. Compared to the general... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Improving access to high-quality healthcare for individuals in correctional settings is critical to advancing health equity in the United States. Compared to the general population, criminal-legal involved individuals experience higher rates of chronic health conditions and poorer health outcomes. Implementation science frameworks and strategies offer useful tools to integrate health interventions into criminal-legal settings and to improve care. A review of implementation science in criminal-legal settings to date is necessary to advance future applications. This systematic review summarizes research that has harnessed implementation science to promote the uptake of effective health interventions in adult criminal-legal settings.
METHODS
A systematic review of seven databases (Academic Search Premier, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, Social Work Abstracts, ProQuest Criminal Justice Database, ProQuest Sociological Abstracts, MEDLINE/PubMed) was conducted. Eligible studies used an implementation science framework to assess implementation outcomes, determinants, and/or implementation strategies in adult criminal-legal settings. Qualitative synthesis was used to extract and summarize settings, study designs, sample characteristics, methods, and application of implementation science methods. Implementation strategies were further analyzed using the Pragmatic Implementation Reporting Tool.
RESULTS
Twenty-four studies met inclusion criteria. Studies implemented interventions to address infectious diseases (n=9), substance use (n=6), mental health (n=5), co-occurring substance use and mental health (n=2), or other health conditions (n=2). Studies varied in their operationalization and description of guiding implementation frameworks/taxonomies. Sixteen studies reported implementation determinants and 12 studies measured implementation outcomes, with acceptability (n=5), feasibility (n=3), and reach (n=2) commonly assessed. Six studies tested implementation strategies. Systematic review results were used to generate recommendations for improving implementation success in criminal-legal contexts.
CONCLUSIONS
The focus on implementation determinants in correctional health studies reflects the need to tailor implementation efforts to complex organizational and inter-agency contexts. Future studies should investigate policy factors that influence implementation success, design, and test implementation strategies tailored to determinants, and investigate a wider array of implementation outcomes relevant to criminal-legal settings, health interventions relevant to adult and juvenile populations, and health equity outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
A study protocol (CRD42020114111) was registered with Prospero.
PubMed: 38001546
DOI: 10.1186/s43058-023-00521-4 -
BMC Psychiatry Oct 2023This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of studies on the outcomes of long-term hospitalisation of individuals with severe mental illness, considering...
AIMS
This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of studies on the outcomes of long-term hospitalisation of individuals with severe mental illness, considering readmission rates as the primary outcome.
METHODS
Studies considered were those in which participants were aged between 18 and 64 years with severe mental illness; exposure to psychiatric hospitals or wards was long-term (more than one year); primary outcomes were readmission rates; secondary outcomes were duration of readmission, employment, schooling, and social participation; and the study design was either observational or interventional with a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design. Relevant studies were searched using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Japan Medical Abstract Society. The final search was conducted on 1 February 2022. The risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions was used to assess the methodological quality. A descriptive literature review is also conducted.
RESULTS
Of the 11,999 studies initially searched, three cohort studies (2,293 participants) met the eligibility criteria. The risk of bias in these studies was rated as critical or serious. The 1-10 years readmission rate for patients with schizophrenia who had been hospitalised for more than one year ranged from 33 to 55%. The average of readmission durations described in the two studies was 70.5 ± 95.6 days per year (in the case of a 7.5-year follow-up) and 306 ± 399 days (in the case of a 3-8-year follow-up). None of the studies reported other outcomes defined in this study.
CONCLUSIONS
The readmission rates in the included studies varied. Differences in the follow-up period or the intensity of community services may have contributed to this variability. In countries preparing to implement de-institutionalisation, highly individualised community support should be designed to avoid relocation to residential services under supervision. The length of stay for readmissions was shorter than that for index admissions. The results also imply that discharge to the community contributes to improved clinical outcomes such as improved social functioning. The validity of retaining patients admitted because of the risk of rehospitalisation was considered low. Future research directions have also been discussed.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Patient Readmission; Follow-Up Studies; Mental Disorders; Hospitalization; Length of Stay; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37891519
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05290-x -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Feb 2024Advance care planning (ACP) improves care for patients with chronic illnesses and reduces family stress. However, the impact of ACP interventions on healthcare... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Advance care planning (ACP) improves care for patients with chronic illnesses and reduces family stress. However, the impact of ACP interventions on healthcare professionals' well-being remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the literature evaluating the impact of ACP interventions on healthcare professionals' well-being.
METHODS
We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews and registered the protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022346354). We included primary studies in all languages that assessed the well-being of healthcare professionals in ACP interventions. We excluded any studies on ACP in psychiatric care and in palliative care that did not address goals of care. Searches were conducted on April 4, 2022, and March 6, 2023 in Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PubMed. We used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool for quality analysis. We present results as a narrative synthesis because of their heterogeneity.
RESULTS
We included 21 articles published in English between 1997 and 2021 with 17 published after 2019. All were conducted in high-income countries, and they involved a total of 1278 participants. Three reported an interprofessional intervention and two included patient partners. Studies had significant methodological flaws but most reported that ACP had a possible positive impact on healthcare professionals' well-being.
CONCLUSION
This review is the first to explore the impact of ACP interventions on healthcare professionals' well-being. ACP interventions appear to have a positive impact, but high-quality studies are scarce. Further research is needed, particularly using more rigorous and systematic methods to implement interventions and report results.
Topics: Humans; Advance Care Planning; Delivery of Health Care; Health Personnel; Palliative Care
PubMed: 37827454
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.09.026 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2023Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric condition affecting an estimated 280 million individuals globally. Despite the occurrence of suicidal... (Review)
Review
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric condition affecting an estimated 280 million individuals globally. Despite the occurrence of suicidal behaviors across various psychiatric conditions, MDD is distinctly associated with the highest risk of suicide attempts and death within this population. In this study, we focused on MDD to identify potential inflammatory biomarkers associated with suicidal risk, given the relationship between depressive states and suicidal ideation. Articles published before June 2023 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to identify all relevant studies reporting blood inflammatory biomarkers in patients with MDD with suicide-related behaviors. Of 571 articles, 24 were included in this study. Overall, 43 significant biomarkers associated with MDD and suicide-related behaviors were identified. Our study provided compelling evidence of significant alterations in peripheral inflammatory factors in MDD patients with suicide-related behaviors, demonstrating the potential roles of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, C-reactive protein, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and tumor necrosis factor-α as biomarkers. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between the inflammatory processes of these biomarkers and their interactions in MDD with suicidal risk.
PubMed: 37762207
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813907 -
Journal of Sleep Research Dec 2023Insomnia is highly prevalent among patients with psychiatric disorders. According to current guidelines, cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) represents... (Review)
Review
Insomnia is highly prevalent among patients with psychiatric disorders. According to current guidelines, cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) represents the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia, also for patients with psychiatric comorbidity. While recent studies have demonstrated that CBT-I not only improves insomnia but also other health outcomes in patients with psychiatric disorders and comorbid insomnia in outpatient settings, the level of implementation and treatment potential of CBT-I in inpatient psychiatry is less clear. The objective of this systematic review is to present and discuss studies that have adapted CBT-I for inpatient psychiatric care. PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and PsycINFO, were searched until June 2023. A total of 10 studies were identified, with the majority being non-randomised trials without comparison groups and small sample sizes. With preliminary character, studies report feasibility and potential efficacy in inpatient settings. Together, this review identifies a paucity of studies on CBT-I or derivates in inpatient psychiatry. Despite challenging in this setting, studies adapting CBT-I to the needs of severely ill patients and hospital settings might have the potential to improve mental health care.
Topics: Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Inpatients; Comorbidity; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37726877
DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14041