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Frontiers in Oncology 2023Prostate cancer is viewed as the second most common cancer in men worldwide. In our study, we used bibliometric analysis to construct a visual map of the relationship...
BACKGROUND
Prostate cancer is viewed as the second most common cancer in men worldwide. In our study, we used bibliometric analysis to construct a visual map of the relationship between prostate cancer and exosomes with the intent of uncovering research trends and current hotspots in this field.
METHOD
We searched the Web of Science Core Collection for all publications in the prostate cancer associated with exosome field came out since 2010. With the assistance of bibliometric analysis software such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace, we conducted data extraction and analysis for countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references and keywords.
RESULTS
A bibliometric analysis of 990 publications was performed. Since 2010, the published quantity and cited frequency of the prostate cancer-associated exosome field have revealed an increasing tendency. In this field, we visualized the research trends by the means of analyzing the references and keywords. We obtained the statistical data: the total citations of publications have increased to 55,462, the average citation per article has reached 55.3 times, and the H-index has amounted to 110. Our findings supported that USA, China and Italy rank the top countries with both the maximum publications and strongest cooperations. Harvard Medical School, Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Johns Hopkins University, are top institutions in the center of research as they are held to be. Thery C, Skog J and Taylor DD are the leading and outstanding professors and researchers. And top journals like Prostate, Plos One and Journal of Extracellular Vesicle expressed keen interests in this field. Based on our analysis and research, we believe that this field is attracting more and more attention and will focus on tumor bone metastasis, drug delivery, and tumor suppressor.
CONCLUSION
In the past 12 years, researchers have dedicated their efforts to prostate cancer associated exosome. On the basis of previous studies, scientists are showing increasingly solicitude for the role of exosome in prostate cancer progression and potential therapy such as drug delivery.
PubMed: 38090502
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1270104 -
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD 2024A key aspect of synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is loss of synaptic proteins. Previous publications showed that the presynaptic machinery is more... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
A key aspect of synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is loss of synaptic proteins. Previous publications showed that the presynaptic machinery is more strongly affected than postsynaptic proteins. However, it has also been reported that presynaptic protein loss is highly variable and shows region- and protein-specificity.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this meta-analysis was to provide an update on the available literature and to further characterize patterns of presynaptic protein loss in AD.
METHODS
Systematic literature search was conducted for studies published between 2015-2022 which quantified presynaptic proteins in postmortem tissue from AD patients and healthy controls. Three-level random effects meta-analyses of twenty-two identified studies was performed to characterize overall presynaptic protein loss and changes in specific regions, proteins, protein families, and functional categories.
RESULTS
Meta-analysis confirmed overall loss of presynaptic proteins in AD patients. Subgroup analysis revealed region specificity of protein loss, with largest effects in temporal and frontal cortex. Results concerning different groups of proteins were also highly variable. Strongest and most consistently affected was the family of synaptosome associated proteins, especially SNAP25. Among the most severely affected were proteins regulating dense core vesicle exocytosis and the synaptic vesicle cycle.
CONCLUSIONS
Results confirm previous literature related to presynaptic protein loss in AD patients and provide further in-depth characterization of most affected proteins and presynaptic functions.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Proteins; Presynaptic Terminals
PubMed: 38073390
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-231034 -
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles Nov 2023Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in pregnancy, revealed by the presence of placental-derived EVs in maternal blood, their in vitro functionality, and... (Review)
Review
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in pregnancy, revealed by the presence of placental-derived EVs in maternal blood, their in vitro functionality, and their altered cargo in pregnancy pathologies. These EVs are thought to be involved in the development of pregnancy pathologies, such as pre-eclampsia, pre-term birth, and fetal growth restriction, and have been suggested as a source of biomarkers for gestational diseases. However, to accurately interpret their function and biomarker potential, it is necessary to critically evaluate the EV isolation and characterization methodologies used in pregnant cohorts. In this systematic scoping review, we collated the results from 152 studies that have investigated EVs in the blood of pregnant women, and provide a detailed analysis of the EV isolation and characterization methodologies used. Our findings indicate an overall increase in EV concentrations in pregnant compared to non-pregnant individuals, an increased EV count as gestation progresses, and an increased EV count in some pregnancy pathologies. We highlight the need for improved standardization of methodology, greater focus on gestational changes in EV concentrations, and further investigations into the functionality of EVs. Our review suggests that EVs hold great promise as diagnostic and translational tools for gestational diseases. However, to fully realize their potential, it is crucial to improve the standardization and reliability of EV isolation and characterization methodologies, and to gain a better understanding of their functional roles in pregnancy pathologies.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Extracellular Vesicles; Placenta; Reproducibility of Results; Pre-Eclampsia
PubMed: 37974377
DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12377 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023Circulating extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are now considered the next generation of cancer "theranostic" tools, with strong clinical relevance....
Circulating extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are now considered the next generation of cancer "theranostic" tools, with strong clinical relevance. Although their potential in breast cancer diagnosis has been widely reported, further studies are still required to address this challenging issue. The present study examined the expression profiles of EV-packaged miRNAs to identify novel miRNA signatures in breast cancer and verified their diagnostic accuracy. Circulating EVs were isolated from healthy controls and breast cancer patients and characterized following the MISEV 2018 guidelines. RNA-sequencing and real-time PCR showed that miRNA-27a and miRNA-128 were significantly down-regulated in patient-derived EVs compared to controls in screening and validation cohorts. Bioinformatics analyses of miRNA-target genes indicated several enriched biological processes/pathways related to breast cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves highlighted the ability of these EV-miRNAs to distinguish breast cancer patients from non-cancer controls. According to other reports, the levels of EV-miRNA-27a and EV-miRNA-128 are not associated with their circulating ones. Finally, evidence from the studies included in our systematic review underscores how the expression of these miRNAs in biofluids is still underinvestigated. Our findings unraveled the role of serum EV-derived miRNA-27a and miRNA-128 in breast cancer, encouraging further investigation of these two miRNAs within EVs towards improved breast cancer detection.
Topics: Humans; Female; MicroRNAs; Breast Neoplasms; Extracellular Vesicles
PubMed: 37958677
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115695 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate inflammation, immune responses, gut barrier integrity, and intestinal homeostasis. Recently, the application of EVs in the...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate inflammation, immune responses, gut barrier integrity, and intestinal homeostasis. Recently, the application of EVs in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been under intensive focus. Some studies have been conducted in animal models of colitis, while systematic reviews and meta-analyses are lacking. The current study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the efficacy of EVs on IBD. A systematic retrieval of all studies in PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library reported the effects of EVs in the colitis model up to 22 June 2023. The methodological quality was assessed based on SYRCLE's risk of bias (RoB) tool. Disease activity index (DAI), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), histopathological score (HS), and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) were extracted as analysis indicators by Web Plot Digitizer 4.5. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval using random-effect models by Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 14.0 software. A total of 21 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Although the heterogeneity between studies and the potential publication bias limits confidence in the extent of the benefit, EV treatment was superior to the control in the colitis evaluation with reduced DAI, HS, MPO activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-6, while increasing the content of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (all < 0.05). Our meta-analysis results supported the protective effect of EVs on colitis rodent models based on their potential role in IBD therapy and propelling the field toward clinical studies.
PubMed: 37954844
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1260134 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Oct 2023This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of engineered extracellular vesicles (EEVs) in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of engineered extracellular vesicles (EEVs) in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) in preclinical studies and to compare them with natural extracellular vesicles (EVs). The systematic review provides an up-to-date overview of the current state of the literature on the use of EEVs for IS and informs future research in this area.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases for peer-reviewed preclinical studies on the therapeutic effect of EEVs on IS.Databases ranged from the inception to August 1, 2023. The outcome measures included infarct volumes, neurological scores, behavioral scores, apoptosis rates, numbers of neurons, and levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The CAMARADES checklist was used to assess the quality and bias risks of the studies. All statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
RESULTS
A total of 28 studies involving 1760 animals met the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared to natural EVs, EEVs reduced infarct volume (percentage: SMD = -2.33, 95% CI: -2.92, -1.73; size: SMD = -2.36, 95% CI: -4.09, -0.63), improved neurological scores (mNSS: SMD = -1.78, 95% CI: -2.39, -1.17; Zea Longa: SMD = -2.75, 95% CI: -3.79, -1.71), promoted behavioral recovery (rotarod test: SMD = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.81, 3.18; grid-walking test: SMD = -3.45, 95% CI: -5.15, -1.75; adhesive removal test: SMD = -2.60, 95% CI: -4.27, -0.93; morris water maze test: SMD = -3.91, 95% CI: -7.03, -0.79), and reduced the release of proinflammatory factors (IL-1β: SMD = -2.02, 95% CI: -2.77, -1.27; IL-6: SMD = -3.01, 95% CI: -4.47, -1.55; TNF-α: SMD = -2.72, 95% CI: -4.30, -1.13), increasing the number of neurons (apoptosis rate: SMD = -2.24, 95% CI: -3.32, -1.16; the number of neurons: SMD = 3.70, 95% CI: 2.44, 4.96). The funnel plots for the two main outcome measures were asymmetric, indicating publication bias. The median score on the CAMARADES checklist was 7 points (IQR: 6-9).
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis shows that EEVs are superior to natural EVs for the treatment of IS. However, research in this field is still at an early stage, and more research is needed to fully understand the potential therapeutic mechanism of EEVs and their potential use in the treatment of IS.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42022368744.
Topics: Animals; Ischemic Stroke; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Extracellular Vesicles; Infarction
PubMed: 37904204
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02114-8 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023Exercise-derived exosomes have been identified as novel players in mediating cell-to-cell communication in the beneficial effects of improving cardiovascular disease... (Review)
Review
Exercise-derived exosomes have been identified as novel players in mediating cell-to-cell communication in the beneficial effects of improving cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review aimed to systematically investigate exosomes as delivery tools for the benefits of exercise in the prevention and treatment of CVD and summarize these outcomes with an overview of their therapeutic implications. Among the 1417 articles obtained in nine database searches (PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus, and Wiley), 12 articles were included based on eligibility criteria. The results indicate that exercise increases the release of exosomes, increasing exosomal markers (TSG101, CD63, and CD81) and exosome-carried miRNAs (miR-125b-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-342-5p, miR-126, miR-130a, miR-138-5p, and miR-455). These miRNAs mainly regulate the expression of MAPK, NF-kB, VEGF, and Caspase to protect the cardiovascular system. Moreover, the outcome indicators of myocardial apoptosis and myocardial infarction volume are significantly reduced following exercise-induced exosome release, and angiogenesis, microvessel density and left ventricular ejection fraction are significantly increased, as well as alleviating myocardial fibrosis following exercise-induced exosome release. Collectively, these results further confirm that exercise-derived exosomes have a beneficial role in potentially preventing and treating CVD and support the use of exercise-derived exosomes in clinical settings.
PubMed: 37841310
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1190095 -
BMC Cancer Oct 2023Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise for improving our understanding of radiotherapy response in glioblastoma due to their role in intercellular communication...
Shooting the messenger: a systematic review investigating extracellular vesicle isolation and characterisation methods and their influence on understanding extracellular vesicles-radiotherapy interactions in glioblastoma.
BACKGROUND
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise for improving our understanding of radiotherapy response in glioblastoma due to their role in intercellular communication within the tumour microenvironment (TME). However, methodologies to study EVs are evolving with significant variation within the EV research community.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review to critically appraise EV isolation and characterisation methodologies and how this influences our understanding of the findings from studies investigating radiotherapy and EV interactions in glioblastoma. 246 articles published up to 24/07/2023 from PubMed and Web of Science were identified using search parameters related to radiotherapy, EVs, and glioblastoma. Two reviewers evaluated study eligibility and abstracted data.
RESULTS
In 26 articles eligible for inclusion (16 investigating the effects of radiotherapy on EVs, five investigating the effect of EVs on radiation response, and five clinical studies), significant heterogeneity and frequent omission of key characterisation steps was identified, reducing confidence that the results are related to EVs and their cargo as opposed to co-isolated bioactive molecules. However, the results are able to clearly identify interactions between EVs and radiotherapy bi-directionally within different cell types within the glioblastoma TME. These interactions facilitate transferable radioresistance and oncogenic signalling, highlighting that EVs are an important component in the variability of glioblastoma radiotherapy response.
CONCLUSIONS
Future multi-directional investigations interrogating the whole TME are required to improve subsequent clinical translation, and all studies should incorporate up to date controls and reporting requirements to increase the validity of their findings. This would be facilitated by increased collaboration between less experienced and more experienced EV research groups.
Topics: Humans; Glioblastoma; Signal Transduction; Cell Communication; Extracellular Vesicles; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37798728
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11437-6 -
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 2023Knowledge on the human gut microbiota in health and disease continues to rapidly expand. In recent years, changes in the gut microbiota composition have been reported as...
INTRODUCTION
Knowledge on the human gut microbiota in health and disease continues to rapidly expand. In recent years, changes in the gut microbiota composition have been reported as a part of the pathology in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been suggested as a novel mechanism for the crosstalk between the brain and gut microbiota, physiologically connecting the observed changes in the brain to gut microbiota dysbiosis.
METHODS
Publications reporting findings on bacterial EVs passage through the blood-brain barrier were identified in PubMed and Scopus databases.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 138 non-duplicate publications, from which 113 records were excluded in title and abstract screening step. From 25 publications subjected to full-text screening, 8 were excluded. The resulting 17 publications were considered for the review.
DISCUSSION
Bacterial EVs have been described with capability to cross the blood-brain barrier, but the mechanisms behind the crossing remain largely unknown. Importantly, very little data exists in this context on EVs secreted by the human gut microbiota. This systematic review summarizes the present evidence of bacterial EVs crossing the blood-brain barrier and highlights the importance of future research on gut microbiota-derived EVs in the context of gut-brain communication across the blood-brain barrier.
PubMed: 37781094
DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1227655 -
Biomedicines Aug 2023Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated potential in both clinical and pre-clinical research for mitigating tissue damage and inflammation associated with acute... (Review)
Review
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated potential in both clinical and pre-clinical research for mitigating tissue damage and inflammation associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) via paracrine mechanisms. Hence, there has been a recent surge of interest among researchers in utilizing MSC cultured medium (CM) and its components for the treatment of AP, which is recognized as the primary cause of hospitalization for gastrointestinal disorders globally. A systematic review was conducted by searching the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Studies that involve the administration of MSC-CM, extracellular vesicles/microvesicles (EVs/MVs), or exosomes to AP animal models are included. A total of six research studies, including eight experiments, were identified as relevant. The findings of this study provide evidence in favor of a beneficial impact of MSC-CM on both clinical and immunological outcomes. Nevertheless, prior to clinical trials, large animal models should be used and prolonged observation periods conducted in pre-clinical research. Challenges arise due to the lack of standardization and consensus on isolation processes, quantifications, and purity testing, making it difficult to compare reports and conduct meta-analyses in MSC-CM-based therapies.
PubMed: 37760784
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092343