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Journal of Investigational Allergology... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Food Hypersensitivity; Animals; Allergens; Female; Male; Albumins; Child; Immunoglobulin E
PubMed: 38888583
DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0959 -
Journal of Investigational Allergology... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; alpha-L-Fucosidase; Food Hypersensitivity; Male; Female; Immunoglobulin E; Allergens; Skin Tests
PubMed: 38888582
DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0957 -
Journal of Investigational Allergology... Jun 2024Sensitization to Blomia tropicalis is associated with asthma in various tropical and subtropical countries; however, information about the specific molecular components...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Sensitization to Blomia tropicalis is associated with asthma in various tropical and subtropical countries; however, information about the specific molecular components associated with this disease is scarce. Using molecular diagnosis, we sought to identify B tropicalis allergens associated with asthma in Colombia.
METHODS
Specific IgE (sIgE) to 8 B tropicalis recombinant allergens (Blo t 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, and 21) was determined using an in-house ELISA system in asthma patients (n=272) and controls (n=298) recruited in a national prevalence study performed in several Colombian cities (Barranquilla, Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, and San Andrés). The study sample included children and adults (mean [SD] age, 28 [17] years). Cross-reactivity between Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 was evaluated using ELISA-inhibition.
RESULTS
Specific IgE (sIgE) to 8 B tropicalis recombinant allergens (Blo t 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, and 21) was determined using an in-house ELISA system in asthma patients (n=272) and controls (n=298) recruited in a national prevalence study performed in several Colombian cities (Barranquilla, Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, and San Andrés). The study sample included children and adults (mean [SD] age, 28 [17] years). Cross-reactivity between Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 was evaluated using ELISA-inhibition.
CONCLUSION
Although Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 are considered common sensitizers, this is the first report of their association with asthma. Both components should be included in molecular panels for diagnosis of allergy in the tropics.
Topics: Humans; Asthma; Immunoglobulin E; Adult; Male; Female; Case-Control Studies; Child; Adolescent; Colombia; Allergens; Young Adult; Middle Aged; Antigens, Plant; Cross Reactions; Tropical Climate; Prevalence; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38888580
DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0892 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Jun 2024
Review
Topics: Humans; Food Hypersensitivity; Infant; Child, Preschool; Administration, Oral; Desensitization, Immunologic; Allergens
PubMed: 38885980
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.231478 -
MycoKeys 2024Sunflower ( L.) is a widely cultivated, fast-growing crop known for its seeds and oil, with substantial ecological and economic importance globally. However, it faces...
Sunflower ( L.) is a widely cultivated, fast-growing crop known for its seeds and oil, with substantial ecological and economic importance globally. However, it faces challenges from leaf diseases caused by species, which threaten its yield. Three small-spored species were isolated from leaf spot and blight symptoms on sunflower in Myanmar. All the species were determined based on morphological characterization and a multi-locus phylogenetic assessment of seven genes, including the internal transcribed spacer of rDNA region (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (), RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2), translation elongation factor 1-α (), major allergen gene (), endopolygalacturonase gene (), and an anonymous gene region (OPA10-2). The results introduced two new species, and , and a known species of , firstly reported from sunflower.
PubMed: 38883863
DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.105.123790 -
Research Square Jun 2024The severity of allergic asthma is driven by the balance between allergen-specific T regulatory (Treg) and T helper (Th)2 cells. However, it is unclear whether specific...
The severity of allergic asthma is driven by the balance between allergen-specific T regulatory (Treg) and T helper (Th)2 cells. However, it is unclear whether specific subsets of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) promote the differentiation of these two T cell lineaeges. We have identified a subset of lung resident type 2 cDCs (cDC2s) that display high levels of CD301b and have potent Treg-inducing activity . Single cell RNA sequencing and adoptive transfer experiments show that during allergic sensitization, many CD301b cDC2s transition in a stepwise manner to CD200+ cDC2s that selectively promote Th2 differentiation. GM-CSF augments the development and maintenance of CD301b cDC2s , and also selectively expands Treg-inducing CD301b cDC2s derived from bone marrow. Upon their adoptive transfer to recipient mice, lung-derived CD301b cDC2s confer immunological tolerance to inhaled allergens. Thus, GM-CSF maintains lung homeostasis by increasing numbers of Treg-inducing CD301b cDC2s.
PubMed: 38883724
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4414130/v1 -
Cureus May 2024Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory condition mediated by allergens and irritants, including food. There have been few reports of zucchini causing contact dermatitis...
Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory condition mediated by allergens and irritants, including food. There have been few reports of zucchini causing contact dermatitis outside of ingestion. We report a case of allergic contact dermatitis to zucchini secondary to sensitization by a past squash exposure. The patient was treated with both systemic and topical corticosteroids.
PubMed: 38883110
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60359 -
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... Jun 2024Food allergies, particularly peanut, represent the predominant cause of anaphylaxis. While early allergen introduction has emerged as a potential preventive strategy,...
BACKGROUND
Food allergies, particularly peanut, represent the predominant cause of anaphylaxis. While early allergen introduction has emerged as a potential preventive strategy, the precise impact of recent guidelines on peanut-induced anaphylaxis rates in Canada remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the impact of the 2017 Addendum Guidelines for the Prevention of Peanut Allergy on peanut-induced anaphylaxis rates in Canada.
METHODS
Using a comprehensive longitudinal registry capturing pediatric anaphylaxis presentations to the Montreal's Children's Hospital, we compared children with and without known peanut allergy who presented with peanut-induced anaphylaxis between 2011 and 2019 inclusive, excluding data beyond 2019 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We calculated rates of peanut-induced anaphylaxis presentations per 100,000 age-adjusted all-cause Emergency Department visits using 4-month intervals. Interrupted time series analysis was used to compare anaphylaxis rate trends before and after 2017 for children ages 0-2 and 3-17 years.
RESULTS
We examined n = 2011 cases of pediatric anaphylaxis, including 429 (21%) triggered by peanuts. Compared to pre-guideline estimates, the yearly rate of change of peanut anaphylaxis rates decreased by 7.96 (95% CI -14.57 to -1.36, p = 0.018) after 2017 amongst patients with new onset anaphylaxis in children 2 years of age or younger (n = 109). No significant changes were identified for older patients ages 3-17, or in patients with known peanut allergy.
CONCLUSION
Early introduction guidelines in Canada are associated with a reduced risk of new-onset peanut-induced anaphylaxis in young children within a single centre in Montreal. Further research is required to assess the impact on a wider population and other food allergens.
PubMed: 38876271
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.06.004 -
Immunobiology Jul 2024Recent evidence has shown that T cell exhaustion is implicated in Allergen-specific Immunotherapy (AIT). However, how T cell exhaustion plays a role in AIT is far from...
Recent evidence has shown that T cell exhaustion is implicated in Allergen-specific Immunotherapy (AIT). However, how T cell exhaustion plays a role in AIT is far from clear. Our study aimed to investigate T cell exhaustion associated with allergen exposure during AIT in mice. Ovalbumin (OVA) - sensitized C57BL/6J asthma mouse and AIT mouse models were constructed. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRTPCR) and flow cytometry were used to monitor the occurrence of local and systemic CD4 T cells and Th2T cells exhaustion in OVA-sensitized mice. The inhibitory surface marker programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on CD4 T cells and Th2T cells was significantly upregulated in AIT mice compared with asthmatic and control mice. The level of PD-1 on the surface of CD4T cells of asthma mice was significantly higher than that of control mice. The inhibitory surface marker cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) on CD4 T cells and Th2T cells showed no significant difference between the AIT, asthma and control mice. Collectively, our study indicated that the expression of PD-1 on CD4 T cells and Th2T cells was increased in AIT. Allergen exposure promotes the expression of PD-1 on the surface of CD4 T cells. T cell exhaustion plays an important role in AIT.
Topics: Animals; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; Mice; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Asthma; Allergens; Desensitization, Immunologic; Th2 Cells; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Biomarkers; Ovalbumin
PubMed: 38875763
DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152824 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2024Food allergy can often cause a significant burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems. The complexity of food allergy management requires a multidisciplinary... (Review)
Review
IMPORTANCE
Food allergy can often cause a significant burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems. The complexity of food allergy management requires a multidisciplinary approach involving different types of healthcare providers, including allergists, dieticians, psychologists, nurses, family practitioners and, of particular relevance for this article, pediatric primary caretakers. Pediatricians may be the first-line healthcare providers for food allergy: strategies for management and guideline adherence have been highlighted.
OBSERVATIONS
This review article summarizes the up-to-date recommendations on the role of pediatricians in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of IgE-mediated food allergy. Early introduction of allergenic foods like peanut is known to be of importance to reduce the development of peanut allergy in infants, and pediatricians are essential for educating and supporting parents in this decision. In scenarios of limited allergist availability, as is often the case among rural, Medicaid and minority populations, pediatricians can assist in the evaluation and management of food allergy, and provide action plans, education and counselling for patients and families.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Pediatric primary caretakers play a key role in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of IgE-mediated food allergy. As more diagnostic tools and therapies in food allergy become available, the need for a multidisciplinary team is paramount to optimize patient care.
PubMed: 38873581
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1373373