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Heliyon Nov 2023To investigate the normative data of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle (ACA) and their associations in multiethnic cohorts spanning three generations in Russia.
PURPOSE
To investigate the normative data of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle (ACA) and their associations in multiethnic cohorts spanning three generations in Russia.
METHODS
The study cohort included the participants of three population-based studies performed in urban and rural Bashkortostan/Russia: The Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS; age:40+ years), Ural Children Eye Study (UCES; age:6-18 years), and Ural Very Old Study (UVOS; age:85+ years). Using Scheimflug camera-based anterior chamber imaging, we measured ACD and ACA as part of a comprehensive ophthalmological and systemic examination. Exclusion criterion was previous cataract surgery.
RESULTS
The study included 4869 (98.7 %) children out of 4933 children of the UCES, 5426 (92.0 %) out of 5899 UEMS participants, and 268 (16.3 %) out of 1526 UVOS participants. In the UEMS, shallower ACD (mean:3.14 ± 0.37 mm) correlated (multivariable analysis; r[2] = 0.57) with older age (beta: 0.08; < 0.001), shorter body height (beta:0.03; = 0.003), shorter axial length (beta:0.34; < 0.001), lower corneal volume (beta:0.06; < 0.001) and corneal refractive power (beta:0.12; < 0.001), thicker lens (beta: 0.09; < 0.001), higher IOP (beta: 0.03; = 0.02), higher prevalence of angle-closure glaucoma (beta: 0.03; = 0.003) and lower prevalence of open-angle glaucoma (beta:0.03; = 0.007). Similar associations were found in the UCES (ACD mean:3.70 ± 0.27 mm) and UVOS (ACD mean:2.96 ± 0.56 mm).
CONCLUSIONS
In this population-based cohort of three generations from rural and urban Bashkortostan, ACD decreased from the children cohort (mean:3.70 ± 0.27 mm) to the adult cohort (mean:3.14 ± 0.37 mm) and to the very old cohort (2.96 ± 0.56 mm). Determinants of shallow ACD were older age and lower body height, in addition to the ocular biometric parameters of shorter axial length, lower corneal volume, corneal refractive power, and thinner lens thickness.
PubMed: 38074889
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22394 -
Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 2023Plateau iris syndrome (PIS) was first coined in 1958 to describe the iris configuration of a patient, 2 years later; the concept of plateau iris was published. In 1992,... (Review)
Review
Plateau iris syndrome (PIS) was first coined in 1958 to describe the iris configuration of a patient, 2 years later; the concept of plateau iris was published. In 1992, the anatomic aspects of plateau iris were studied using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) determining it as a form of primary angle-closure glaucoma caused by a large or anteriorly positioned ciliary body that leads to mechanical obstruction of the trabecular meshwork, this condition is most often found in young patients. We aim to review the current literature and knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment options of PIS; the search was conducted in PubMed, LILACS, and BIREME internet search sites using keywords and snowball search strategy of articles published until 2022, focusing on PIS history, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, UBM feature, and treatment.
PubMed: 38059089
DOI: 10.4103/ojo.ojo_238_22 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Mar 2024
Review
Topics: Humans; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; COVID-19; Acute Disease
PubMed: 38057224
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.11.166 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Dec 2023BACKGROUND We report a case of late-onset chronic fistula in a decompensated cornea after multiple ocular surgeries and a recent phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). CASE...
BACKGROUND We report a case of late-onset chronic fistula in a decompensated cornea after multiple ocular surgeries and a recent phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). CASE REPORT A 73-year-old woman presented to our service with a past ocular history of bilateral chronic angle closure glaucoma and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy in the left eye. Given a history of long-term uncontrolled glaucoma with advanced disc cupping and poor visual potential, the patient underwent multiple palliative procedures, including, most recently, a PTK. Few years later she presented with a spontaneous late onset of slowly appearing corneal leak on fluorescein staining upon routine clinical examination. Corrected distance visual acuity was hand motion and intraocular pressure (IOP) was 40 mmHg in the affected eye. Serial anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) sections were obtained, which aided in understanding the current presentation and revealed distinctive multilayer corneal changes during the healing process. The patient was successfully managed with cyanoacrylate corneal gluing and ocular hypotensive medications, which halted the corneal leak. CONCLUSIONS We report a case of a rare finding of corneal fistula in an eye with multiple previous ocular surgeries, and provide an explanation of the possible etiopathogenesis. We also highlight the pivotal role of AS-OCT for evaluating such cases and stress the importance of early detection of similar subtle leaks in the setting of a formed anterior chamber, which can often be missed, carrying a risk of infection.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Cornea; Lasers, Excimer; Photorefractive Keratectomy; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Acuity; Fistula; Chronic Disease; Corneal Diseases; Eye Diseases
PubMed: 38051696
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.942279 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2023Clinically, glaucoma is a serious problem because it is asymptomatic until a relatively late stage in most cases, which can lead to delays in the diagnosis and treatment...
PURPOSE
Clinically, glaucoma is a serious problem because it is asymptomatic until a relatively late stage in most cases, which can lead to delays in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The purpose of this study was to clarify the rank-order of the association of glaucoma with the causative drugs using a spontaneous reporting system database.
METHODS
Data were extracted from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (Japan). Based on reports of glaucoma caused by all drugs, we calculated the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for glaucoma.
RESULTS
Among 609 reports of adverse events corresponding to glaucoma (46%, women), the most frequently implicated drug were steroids (prednisolone, betamethasone sodium phosphate, triamcinolone acetonide, and fluorometholone), pregabalin, ranibizumab, crizotinib, tacrolimus hydrate, darbepoetin alfa, and foscarnet sodium hydrate. Among 207 reports involved in angle-closure glaucoma (86%, women), anticholinergic drug and antidepressants ranked high and showed signals. Signals were also detected in bromazepam (ROR, 69.7; 95% CI, 30.9-157.5), oral brotizolam (ROR, 16.6; 95% CI, 6.18-44.8), and oral milnacipran hydrochloride (ROR, 22.8; 95% CI, 8.46-61.4) for angle-closure glaucoma.
CONCLUSION
A national pharmacovigilance database enabled us to identify the drugs that frequently induce glaucoma. The likelihood of the reporting of glaucoma varied among the drugs, which should be used carefully in clinical practice to avoid it.
PubMed: 38050555
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S439255 -
Ophthalmology and Therapy Jan 2024Goniosynechialysis (Phaco-GSL) is a logical therapeutic approach for patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataract. The aim of this study was to...
Comparison of Long-Term Effects Following Phacoemulsification Combined with Goniosynechialysis and Trabeculectomy in Patients with Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Cataract.
INTRODUCTION
Goniosynechialysis (Phaco-GSL) is a logical therapeutic approach for patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataract. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term effectiveness and safety of Phaco-GSL and trabeculectomy (TRB) in the management of PACG with coexisting cataract.
METHODS
A review was conducted on 96 Chinese patients (96 eyes) with PACG and cataract from Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). Among them, 56 patients underwent Phaco-GSL, while 40 underwent TRB. Intraocular pressure (IOP), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), use of supplemental antiglaucoma medical therapy, surgery success rates, and complications for both procedures were assessed.
RESULTS
The average follow-up period was 50.3 ± 18.7 months in the Phaco-GSL group and 61.2 ± 15.1 months in the TRB group. At the final follow-up, IOP decreased from 27.0 ± 11.1 mmHg to 13.5 ± 2.1 mmHg in the Phaco-GSL group and in the TRB group IOP decreased from 27.1 ± 7.7 mmHg to 16.5 ± 5.5 mmHg. The long-term postoperative IOP in the Phaco-GSL group was significantly lower than that in the TRB group. There was a statistically significant reduction in medication usage in both groups, with the TRB group having a higher number of postoperative medications at the final follow-up. The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the TRB group compared to the Phaco-GSL group.
CONCLUSIONS
Phaco-GSL is the recommended surgical approach for Chinese patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataract. Compared to traditional TRB, eyes undergoing Phaco-GSL show a reduced requirement for antiglaucomatous medications, improved management of IOP, decreased risk of complications, and higher long-term cumulative probability of treatment success for patients with PACG.
PubMed: 38041720
DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00823-9 -
Heliyon Nov 2023This study aimed to evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) and the weight-related gene, peroxidasin-like (), with acute primary angle closure (APAC) and...
This study aimed to evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) and the weight-related gene, peroxidasin-like (), with acute primary angle closure (APAC) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in southern Chinese population. Total 4700 study subjects (1024 APAC, 781 PACG, and 2895 control subjects) with complete ophthalmic examinations were enrolled into this study. The association of BMI with APAC, PACG and ocular biometric parameters was evaluated. Three missense variants were genotyped by TaqMan assay, and their association with APAC and PACG was also investigated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and body weight were significantly associated with both APAC and PACG ( < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that each 1 kg/m increased in BMI was associated with 0.038 mm increase in axial length, 0.018 mm increase in central anterior chamber depth, 0.002 mm increase in lens position, 0.012 mm increase in corneal diameter and 0.014 mm decrease in lens thickness among the APAC subjects ( < 0.001), but not with PACG. Genetic association analysis identified that rs11985241-rs16916207 CT haplotype conferred a higher risk to APAC (OR = 1.25, = 0.004) than the TG haplotype, but not with PACG. The APAC subjects carrying the rs11985241 C or rs16916207 T alleles showed significantly lower weight than those carrying the corresponding protective alleles. In summary, this study revealed that lower BMI could be associated with higher risk of APAC. could be a new associated gene for APAC.
PubMed: 38034647
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22240 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2023To report the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) following acute primary angle closure (APAC) and...
PURPOSE
To report the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) following acute primary angle closure (APAC) and acute primary angle closure glaucoma (APACG).
METHODS
This retrospective study consecutively recruited patients diagnosed with APAC or APACG. Based on the spectral domain optical coherence tomography characteristics, PAMM eyes were divided into three stages. Characteristics of different stages such as the time from symptoms to treatment (TST), retinal thickness and BCVA improvement were analyzed. The risk factors of PAMM were evaluated by binary logistic regression models.
RESULTS
A total of 781 eyes of 781 APAC or APACG patients were included, and PAMM was found in 22 (2.9%) of them. Stage III eyes had a significantly longer TST than stage I eyes ( = 0.008) while exhibiting significantly thinner retinal thicknesses ( < 0.0001). The BCVA improvement was significantly worse in the eyes treated in stage III than in those treated in stage I ( = 0.008). Older age, longer axial length and without type 2 diabetes were associated with a lower risk of incident PAMM (OR = 0.95, = 0.028; OR = 0.52, = 0.019; OR = 3.92, = 0.022).
CONCLUSION
PAMM can be secondary to APAC or APACG at a rate of 2.9%. Different visual outcomes were observed in patients who received the intervention at different stages of PAMM. Younger patients with a shorter axial length and type 2 diabetes were found to be more susceptible to PAMM.
PubMed: 38026591
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S437075 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Nov 2023This review offers a summary of the current knowledge of pshychotropic drugs and glaucoma. If exposed to psychotropic drugs, some patients may develop angle-closure... (Review)
Review
This review offers a summary of the current knowledge of pshychotropic drugs and glaucoma. If exposed to psychotropic drugs, some patients may develop angle-closure glaucoma. Although rarely contraindicated, exposed predisposed and diagnosed patients should be followed-up by an ophthalmologist. It is still unclear if serotonin reuptake inhibitors increase the risk of angle-closure glaucoma. Tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines should be used with caution in predisposed patients. The same applies to antipsychotic drugs, where first-generation antipsychotic drugs might have a smaller impact on the intraocular pressure than second-generation antipsychotic drugs.
Topics: Humans; Antipsychotic Agents; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Psychotropic Drugs; Glaucoma; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
PubMed: 38018726
DOI: No ID Found