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Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024To report the refractive and visual outcomes after implantation of a trifocal, diffractive, hydrophobic intraocular lens (IOL) in Japanese eyes following cataract...
PURPOSE
To report the refractive and visual outcomes after implantation of a trifocal, diffractive, hydrophobic intraocular lens (IOL) in Japanese eyes following cataract surgery.
METHODS
A total of 45 eyes implanted with FineVision HP IOLs (Beaver-Visitec International, Inc. USA) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical outcomes assessed after 3-months were refraction and monocular logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA), distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA) at 80 and 66 cm, uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), and distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) at 40 cm.
RESULTS
97.78% of the eyes were within ±0.50D of spherical equivalent and all of them were within ±1.00D (mean: -0.00±0.22 D, with 75.56% within ±0.13D), while 91.11% of the eyes had ≤0.50D residual astigmatism and all of them had ≤1.00D (mean: -0.08±0.24D, with 88.89% ≤0.25D). UDVA and CDVA showed mean values of -0.05±0.07 logMAR and -0.07±0.06 logMAR, respectively. 86.67% and 95.56% of the eyes had ≥20/20 UDVA and CDVA, respectively, with 100% achieving ≥20/25 for both UDVA and CDVA. At 80 cm, the mean monocular logMAR UIVA and DCIVA were 0.18±0.14 and 0.14±0.14, and at 66 cm the values were 0.20±0.15 and 0.19±0.15, respectively. At 80 cm 20% of the eyes had ≥20/25 DCIVA and 60% had ≥20/32 DCIVA. These values changed to 15.56% and 40% of the eyes at 66 cm. In terms of near vision, the mean monocular logMAR UNVA and DCNVA were 0.04±0.10 and 0.03±0.10, respectively. 53.33% of the eyes had ≥20/20 UNVA and DCNVA, with 86.67% achieving ≥20/25 UNVA and DCNVA.
CONCLUSION
The FineVision HP trifocal diffractive IOL provided accurate refractive outcomes with good visual acuity at different distances in Japanese eyes.
PubMed: 38779125
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S464432 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology May 2024To compare the visual outcomes and efficacy of opposite clear corneal incision (OCCI) and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in correcting preexisting astigmatism...
PURPOSE
To compare the visual outcomes and efficacy of opposite clear corneal incision (OCCI) and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in correcting preexisting astigmatism (PEA) in patients undergoing phacoemulsification.
METHODS
This prospective interventional comparative study was conducted between June 2022 and January 2023 in patients having cataract with PEA undergoing phacoemulsification. Patients were divided into two groups - group A underwent phacoemulsification with OCCI and group B underwent phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), manifest refractive cylinder, and corneal astigmatism using corneal tomography were measured preoperatively and at 6 weeks postoperatively. The eyes were categorized into three groups with PEA ranging from 1 to 1.5 D, 1.6 to 2 D, and 2.1 to 3 D. Depending upon the white-to-white corneal diameter, the eyes were also categorized into four groups with corneal diameter ranging from 10.5 to 10.9 mm, 11 to 11.4 mm, 11.5 to 11.9 mm, and 12 to 12.4 mm.
RESULTS
Sixty eyes of 60 patients were studied. At postoperative 6 weeks, 83.3% (25 eyes) in the OCCI group and 96.7% (29 eyes) in the toric IOL group achieved UDVA of 6/9 or better. No statistically significant difference was noted between the groups (P = 0.37). The reduction in mean corneal astigmatism was 0.63 ± 0.37 D in the OCCI group and 0.15 ± 0.12 D in the toric IOL group (P < 0.001). The residual mean refractive cylinder was 0.60 ± 0.38 D in the OCCI group and 0.05 ± 0.15 D in the toric IOL group at 6 weeks (P = 0.007).
CONCLUSION
Both OCCI and toric IOL are effective in correcting PEA. However, in a resource-limited setting, OCCI is a better alternative surgical option for correcting astigmatism of 1-1.5 D during phacoemulsification without requiring additional skills or instruments.
PubMed: 38773910
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3191_23 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology May 2024To compare the effective optical zones (EOZs) of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (F-LASIK) by utilizing...
PURPOSE
To compare the effective optical zones (EOZs) of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (F-LASIK) by utilizing topographic methods on the tangential curvature difference map at postoperative 1 year and to identify parameters linked to the EOZ alterations following both surgeries.
METHODS
Myopic patients who underwent SMILE or F-LASIK were included in the study. Patients with refractive error greater than -9.0 D sphere or -0.50 D of astigmatism were excluded from the study. EOZs were measured at postoperative 1 year by using the tangential curvature difference map of the Scheimpflug tomography system. Correlations between the EOZ alterations and relevant parameters were assessed.
RESULTS
In total, 59 eyes in the SMILE group and 65 eyes in the F-LASIK group were assessed. The decrease in EOZ compared with the programmed optical zone was significantly higher in the F-LASIK group (P < 0.001). The increase in corneal asphericity was significantly relevant to the decrease in EOZin both groups according to the multiple regression analysis (P < 0.001, B/95% CI: 0.62/0.34 and 0.90, standardized-Beta: 0.587 for the SMILE group; P < 0.001, B/95% CI: 0.74/0.41 and 1.07, standardized-Beta: 0.631 for the F-LASIK group).
CONCLUSION
The EOZ decreased 1 year after both SMILE and F-LASIK. The SMILE group showed less EOZ reduction than F-LASIK patients relative to the programmed optical zone. The decrease in EOZ was correlated with the increase in corneal asphericity in both groups.
PubMed: 38770606
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_133_24 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology May 2024To compare the safety, efficacy, and visual outcomes of topography-guided (TG) LASIK ablation versus advanced ablation algorithm (AAA) on Zeiss Mel 90 on virgin eyes.
PURPOSE
To compare the safety, efficacy, and visual outcomes of topography-guided (TG) LASIK ablation versus advanced ablation algorithm (AAA) on Zeiss Mel 90 on virgin eyes.
SETTING
A tertiary care hospital in north India.
DESIGN
A retrospective comparative study.
METHODS
Case sheets of 30 patients who underwent TG LASIK and 45 patients who underwent AAA LASIK between January 2021 and September 2022 were retrieved and reviewed. The TG group included 60 eyes of 30 patients, and the AAA group included age- and sex-matched 90 eyes of 45 patients. Both groups were compared for visual outcomes, residual refraction, and root-mean-square higher-order aberrations (rms HOA) at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively and using unpaired t -test and Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
The mean preoperative spherical equivalent in the TG group and AAA group was - 3.12 (1.67) and - 3.19 (1.61), respectively. The safety and efficacy of the treatment were 100% in both groups. The postoperative increase in rms HOA was comparable in both groups ( P = 0.55). The ablation duration was significantly longer in topo-guided LASIK ( P = 0.001).
CONCLUSION
AAA LASIK on MEL 90 is comparable to topography-guided LASIK for the management of low myopia and myopic astigmatism.
PubMed: 38767561
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2012_23 -
International Journal of Ophthalmology 2024Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning, corneal protrusion, progressive irregular astigmatism, corneal fibrosis, and visual... (Review)
Review
Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning, corneal protrusion, progressive irregular astigmatism, corneal fibrosis, and visual impairment. The therapeutic options regarding improvement of visual function include glasses or soft contact lenses correction for initial stages, gas-permeable rigid contact lenses, scleral lenses, implantation of intrastromal corneal ring or corneal transplants for most advanced stages. In keratoconus cases showing disease progression corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) has been proven to be an effective, minimally invasive and safe procedure. CXL consists of a photochemical reaction of corneal collagen by riboflavin stimulation with ultraviolet A radiation, resulting in stromal crosslinks formation. The aim of this review is to carry out an examination of CXL methods based on theoretical basis and mathematical models, from the original Dresden protocol to the most recent developments in the technique, reporting the changes proposed in the last 15y and examining the advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment protocols. Finally, the limits of non-standardized methods and the perspectives offered by a customization of the treatment are highlighted.
PubMed: 38766341
DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.05.21 -
International Journal of Ophthalmology 2024To investigate the prevalence of visual impairment (VI) and provide an estimation of uncorrected refractive errors in school-aged children, conducted by optometry...
AIM
To investigate the prevalence of visual impairment (VI) and provide an estimation of uncorrected refractive errors in school-aged children, conducted by optometry students as a community service.
METHODS
The study was cross-sectional. Totally 3343 participants were included in the study. The initial examination involved assessing the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and visual acuity (VA) while using a +2.00 D lens. The inclusion criteria for a subsequent comprehensive cycloplegic eye examination, performed by an optometrist, were as follows: a UDVA<0.6 decimal (0.20 logMAR) and/or a VA with +2.00 D ≥0.8 decimal (0.96 logMAR).
RESULTS
The sample had a mean age of 10.92±2.13y (range 4 to 17y), and 51.3% of the children were female (=1715). The majority of the children (89.7%) fell within the age range of 8 to 14y. Among the ethnic groups, the highest representation was from the Luhya group (60.6%) followed by Luo (20.4%). Mean logMAR UDVA choosing the best eye for each student was 0.29±0.17 (range 1.70 to 0.22). Out of the total, 246 participants (7.4%) had a full eye examination. The estimated prevalence of myopia (defined as spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 D) was found to be 1.45% of the total sample. While around 0.18% of the total sample had hyperopia value exceeding +1.75 D. Refractive astigmatism (cil<-0.75 D) was found in 0.21% (7/3343) of the children. The VI prevalence was 1.26% of the total sample. Among our cases of VI, 76.2% could be attributed to uncorrected refractive error. Amblyopia was detected in 0.66% (22/3343) of the screened children. There was no statistically significant correlation observed between age or gender and refractive values.
CONCLUSION
The primary cause of VI is determined to be uncorrected refractive errors, with myopia being the most prevalent refractive error observed. These findings underscore the significance of early identification and correction of refractive errors in school-aged children as a means to alleviate the impact of VI.
PubMed: 38766327
DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.05.19 -
Journal of Ophthalmology 2024To compare the refractive errors measured by the Spot photoscreener (with or without cycloplegia) to cycloplegic retinoscopy in 6- to 10-week-old infants.
PURPOSE
To compare the refractive errors measured by the Spot photoscreener (with or without cycloplegia) to cycloplegic retinoscopy in 6- to 10-week-old infants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
101 right eyes from 101 healthy infants aged 6 to 10 weeks were recruited for this cross-sectional observational study. Refractive errors were measured using Spot photoscreener before and after cycloplegia, as well as cycloplegic retinoscopy. Comparisons between the refractive measurements were performed using one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Tukey HSD test or Kruskal-Wallis test with the Steel-Dwass test according to the data normality. Pearson's correlation test and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The agreement was evaluated using a Bland-Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement of the differences.
RESULTS
Spot photoscreener was found to underestimate the spherical equivalent by 2.33 Diopters (D) in these infants. Following the induction of cycloplegia, the spherical equivalent measured by Spot photoscreener was in excellent agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy with the mean difference of 0.01 D. Spot photoscreener overestimated cylindrical parameter by 0.2 D with poor agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy no matter whether cycloplegia was induced. It had good agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy in the vector than the vector measurement.
CONCLUSIONS
With the induction of cycloplegia, Spot photoscreener can accurately evaluate spherical equivalent in hyperopic infants with mild-to-moderate astigmatism. While it may provide valuable measurements of astigmatism, discrepancies in cylinder and axis should be taken into account.
PubMed: 38765182
DOI: 10.1155/2024/8817530 -
Medicine May 2024This study aimed to compare the postimplantation clinical outcomes of 2 types of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs): Visian™ implantable collamer... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
This study aimed to compare the postimplantation clinical outcomes of 2 types of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs): Visian™ implantable collamer lenses (ICL; EVO+ V5; Staar Surgical, Monrovia, CA) and an implantable phakic contact lens (IPCL) (IPCL V2.0, Care Group Sight Solution, India) to correct high myopia and myopic astigmatism. This retrospective study included patients who had undergone phakic IOL implantation performed by a single surgeon between March 2021 and March 2022. Preoperative assessments included slit-lamp examination, fundus examination, spherical equivalent, uncorrected distant visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distant visual acuity (CDVA), specular microscope parameters, and optical quality analysis system parameters. Postoperative assessments after 1 year included slit-lamp examination to detect adverse effects and spherical equivalent, UDVA, CDVA, specular microscope, optical quality analysis system, and anterior-segment optical coherence tomography. Eighty eyes from 42 patients (47 eyes from 24 patients in the ICL group and 33 eyes from 18 patients in the IPCL group) were included. No statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups regarding preoperative parameters. At 1-year postoperatively, the mean UDVA in the ICL and IPCL groups was 0.019 ± 0.040 logMAR and 0.019 ± 0.041 logMAR, respectively. The mean CDVA was 0.001 ± 0.008 logMAR and 0.001 ± 0.007 logMAR in the ICL and IPCL groups, respectively, showing no statistically significant differences. The postoperative parameters did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. The visual acuity and refractive results of both groups were excellent, and both groups exhibited similar efficacy and safety profiles.
Topics: Humans; Phakic Intraocular Lenses; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Adult; Visual Acuity; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Young Adult; Astigmatism; Myopia; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38758875
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038194 -
Cureus Apr 2024We experienced a case of bilateral corneal thinning during the oral taking of S-1, a combination anti-cancer drug of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil-potassium. A...
We experienced a case of bilateral corneal thinning during the oral taking of S-1, a combination anti-cancer drug of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil-potassium. A 69-year-old man was prescribed oral S-1 for the treatment of duodenal papilla adenocarcinoma and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. However, he developed a decrease in visual acuity in both eyes after three cycles of S-1 oral taking, and ophthalmic examination revealed corneal thinning exceeding 100 µm and an increase in high-order irregularity of cornea in both eyes. After one month after discontinuation of S-1, his visual acuity and corneal thickness returned to its previous levels. Besides corneal ulcers and perforations, corneal thinning can be recognized as a potential corneal side effect necessitating monitoring during S-1 treatment.
PubMed: 38756279
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58356 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S432459.].
Erratum: Safety and Effectiveness of Smooth Incision Lenticular Keratomileusis (SILK) Using the ELITA() Femtosecond Laser System for Correction of Myopic and Astigmatic Refractive Errors [Corrigendum].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S432459.].
PubMed: 38751994
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S476560