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Cureus Apr 2024We experienced a case of bilateral corneal thinning during the oral taking of S-1, a combination anti-cancer drug of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil-potassium. A...
We experienced a case of bilateral corneal thinning during the oral taking of S-1, a combination anti-cancer drug of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil-potassium. A 69-year-old man was prescribed oral S-1 for the treatment of duodenal papilla adenocarcinoma and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. However, he developed a decrease in visual acuity in both eyes after three cycles of S-1 oral taking, and ophthalmic examination revealed corneal thinning exceeding 100 µm and an increase in high-order irregularity of cornea in both eyes. After one month after discontinuation of S-1, his visual acuity and corneal thickness returned to its previous levels. Besides corneal ulcers and perforations, corneal thinning can be recognized as a potential corneal side effect necessitating monitoring during S-1 treatment.
PubMed: 38756279
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58356 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S432459.].
Erratum: Safety and Effectiveness of Smooth Incision Lenticular Keratomileusis (SILK) Using the ELITA() Femtosecond Laser System for Correction of Myopic and Astigmatic Refractive Errors [Corrigendum].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S432459.].
PubMed: 38751994
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S476560 -
BMC Ophthalmology May 2024To investigate the correlation between higher-order aberrations (HOA) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and the severity of myopia and astigmatism, along...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the correlation between higher-order aberrations (HOA) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and the severity of myopia and astigmatism, along with the relevant factors. These findings will provide valuable insights for decreasing the occurrence of HOA after SMILE and enhancing visual quality.
METHODS
A total of 75 patients (150 eyes) with myopia and astigmatism who underwent SMILE were categorized into four groups based on the severity of myopia and astigmatism: Myopia Group 1 (Group M1, spherical diopter ranged from -1.00 D to -4.00 D), Myopia Group 2 (Group M2, spherical diopter ranged from -4.10 D to -10.00 D), Astigmatism Group 1 (Group A1, cylindrical diopter ranged from 0 D to -1.00 D), and Astigmatism Group 2 (Group A2, cylindrical diopter ranged from -1.10 D to -3.00 D). A comprehensive assessment was performed to examine the association between HOA and various relevant factors, including a detailed analysis of the subgroups.
RESULTS
Group M1 had significantly lower levels of total eye coma aberration (CA), corneal total HOA (tHOA), internal tHOA, and vertical CA ( ) after SMILE than Group M2 (P < 0.05). Similarly, Group A1 had significantly lower levels of total eye tHOA, CA, trefoil aberration (TA), corneal tHOA, TA, and vertical TA ( ) after SMILE than Group A2 (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated a statistically significant positive relationship between the severity of myopia/astigmatism and most HOA (P < 0.05). Subgroup evaluations demonstrated a notable increase in postoperative HOA associated with myopia and astigmatism in Groups M2 and A2 compared with the control group. Lenticule thickness, postoperative central corneal thickness (CCT), postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and postoperative corneal Km and Cyl were strongly correlated with most HOA. Age, eyes, and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) were only associated with specific HOA.
CONCLUSION
HOA positively correlated with the severity of myopia and astigmatism after SMILE. However, this relationship was not linear. HOA after SMILE was influenced by various factors, and additional specialized investigations are required to establish its clinical importance.
Topics: Humans; Myopia; Astigmatism; Male; Female; Adult; Visual Acuity; Corneal Surgery, Laser; Corneal Wavefront Aberration; Young Adult; Refraction, Ocular; Corneal Stroma; Retrospective Studies; Lasers, Excimer; Postoperative Complications; Corneal Topography; Adolescent
PubMed: 38741093
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03475-w -
PloS One 2024Scoliosis is one of the most common surgical disorders of the pediatric spine. Refractive errors are commonly associated with vision impairment worldwide. However, it is...
BACKGROUND
Scoliosis is one of the most common surgical disorders of the pediatric spine. Refractive errors are commonly associated with vision impairment worldwide. However, it is currently unclear whether refractive error correlates directly with the development of scoliosis.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed in 2023, and a stratified cluster sampling technique was employed among school-aged students in Nantong City, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate specific correlations between scoliosis and related parameters; various types of refractive errors were also included in the study.
RESULTS
The prevalence of scoliosis among school-aged students was 2.2% in Nantong city. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia were not correlated with the development of scoliosis (all, p≥0.05). Lower body mass index (BMI) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.95; p<0.001], living in rural areas (aOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.05-1.86; p = 0.020), and older age (aOR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.25-1.38; p<0.001) had significantly higher risks of scoliosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Refractive errors did not correlate with the development of scoliosis. However, BMI, living in rural areas and older age did correlate with the development of scoliosis.
Topics: Scoliosis; Humans; Male; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Refractive Errors; Child; Adolescent; China; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Body Mass Index; Logistic Models
PubMed: 38739623
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303324 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Apr 2024This study aimed to compare keratometry and anterior chamber depth (ACD) changes after XEN implantation in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) cases over a 3-month...
This study aimed to compare keratometry and anterior chamber depth (ACD) changes after XEN implantation in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) cases over a 3-month follow-up period. Twenty patients with POAG who underwent XEN63 implantation, either standalone or combined with cataract surgery, were included. Preoperative data, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, gonioscopy, ophthalmoscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) evaluation, and axial length, were collected. Corneal topography and ACD measurements were assessed preoperatively and at postoperative days 1, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90. Each patient's eye that underwent XEN surgery was included in the study group, with the fellow eye serving as a control. In the study group, there was a significant decrease in IOP after XEN stent implantation at all investigated time intervals ( < 0.05). However, changes in mean ACD did not show statistically significant differences at any follow-up examination in both the study and control groups. Additionally, keratometry readings revealed no significant changes in total astigmatism or steep keratometry values in either group. XEN implantation in POAG cases resulted in a significant decrease in IOP over the 3-month follow-up period. However, there were no significant changes observed in mean ACD or keratometry readings, indicating stability in these parameters post-XEN implantation. These findings suggest that XEN implantation may be an effective option for IOP reduction without affecting corneal curvature or ACD in POAG patients.
PubMed: 38731065
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092537 -
International Journal of Ophthalmology 2024To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty (SLAK) with corneal crosslinking (CXL) on patients with corneal ectasia secondary...
AIM
To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty (SLAK) with corneal crosslinking (CXL) on patients with corneal ectasia secondary to femtosecond laser-assisted keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).
METHODS
A series of 5 patients undertaking SLAK with CXL for the treatment of corneal ectasia secondary to FS-LASIK were followed for 4-9mo. The lenticules were collected from patients undertaking small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for the correction of myopia. Adding a stromal lenticule was aimed at improving the corneal thickness for the safe application of crosslinking and compensating for the thin cornea to improve its mechanical strength.
RESULTS
All surgeries were conducted successfully with no significant complications. Their best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from 0.05 to 0.8 before surgery. The pre-operational total corneal thickness ranged from 345-404 µm and maximum keratometry (Kmax) ranged from 50.8 to 86.3. After the combination surgery, both the corneal keratometry (range 55.9 to 92.8) and total corneal thickness (range 413-482 µm) significantly increased. Four out of 5 patients had improvement of corneal biomechanical parameters (reflected by stiffness parameter A1 in Corvis ST). However, 3 patients showed decreased BCVA after surgery due to the development of irregular astigmatism and transient haze. Despite the onset of corneal edema right after SLAK, the corneal topography and thickness generally stabilized after 3mo.
CONCLUSION
SLAK with CXL is a potentially beneficial and safe therapy for advanced corneal ectasia. Future work needs to address the poor predictability of corneal refractometry and compare the outcomes of different surgical modes.
PubMed: 38721520
DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.03.24 -
International Journal of Ophthalmology 2024To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of scleral buckling for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) using a novel foldable capsular buckle (FCB).
AIM
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of scleral buckling for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) using a novel foldable capsular buckle (FCB).
METHODS
This was a series of case observation studies. Eighteen patients (18 eyes) who visited our ophthalmology department between August 2020 and August 2022 and were treated for RRD with scleral buckling using FCB were included. The procedure was similar to conventional scleral buckling, while a balloon-like FCB was placed onto the retinal break with balanced salt solution filling for a broad, external indentation instead of the silicone buckle. The retinal reattachment rate, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), refractive dioptre and astigmatism degree, and complications were evaluated and recorded.
RESULTS
There were 7 males and 11 females aged 19-58y. The average time course of RRD was 12d, ranging from 7-20d. The retinal break was located in the superior quadrants in 8 eyes and in the inferior quadrants in 10 eyes, with macula-off detachments in 12 eyes. The patients were followed-up for at least 6mo. The final retinal reattachment rate was 100%. The BCVA was significantly improved compared with the baseline (<0.05). There was no significant change in refractive dioptre or astigmatism degree at each follow-up (all >0.05). Three patients had transiently high IOPs within one week after surgery. Mild diplopia occurred in 5 patients after surgery and then disappeared after the balloon fluid was removed.
CONCLUSION
The success rate of FCB scleral buckling for RRD is satisfactory. This procedure can be expected to be applied in new, uncomplicated cases of RRD.
PubMed: 38721507
DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.03.19 -
Journal of Refractive Surgery... May 2024To assess and compare the visual acuity and refractive outcomes of topography-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) based on the fitting-shape-based refractive... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To assess and compare the visual acuity and refractive outcomes of topography-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) based on the fitting-shape-based refractive compensated and Phorcides software strategies.
METHODS
Consecutive patients who underwent topography-guided LASIK were included in this study. Through double-masked simple randomization, patients were assigned to the Zhang & Zheng Auto-compensate Refraction (ZZ AR) group (the fitting-shape-based refractive compensated strategy using the ZZ AR calculator was used) or the Phorcides group (the topography analysis algorithm in Phorcides software [Phorcides LLC] was used). Only one eye per patient with binocular correction was randomly enrolled. The preoperative and postoperative visual acuities and refraction were analyzed at the 6-month follow-up visit.
RESULTS
The ZZ AR and Phorcides groups comprised 156 and 147 eyes, respectively. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up visit, the median (range) absolute residual cylindrical refraction was 0.35 (1.01) and 0.47 (1.63) diopters (D) for the ZZ AR and Phorcides groups, respectively ( < .001). The percentages of patients with residual cylindrical power within 0.25 D were 29.49% and 13.61% for the ZZ AR and Phorcides groups, respectively ( = .001). Based on the percentages of patients with residual cylindrical powers within 0.50 and 1.00 D, the ZZ AR group showed better outcomes ( = .02 and .01). The percentage of patients with visual acuity better than 20/16 was significantly higher for the ZZ AR group than for the Phorcides group ( = .03).
CONCLUSIONS
The fitting-shape-based refractive compensated strategy for topography-guided LASIK procedures can better optimize the visual acuity and astigmatic refraction than the Phorcides software strategy. .
Topics: Humans; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; Visual Acuity; Prospective Studies; Refraction, Ocular; Adult; Male; Female; Corneal Topography; Lasers, Excimer; Double-Blind Method; Myopia; Young Adult; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Middle Aged; Cornea; Follow-Up Studies
PubMed: 38717081
DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20240415-01 -
Journal of Optometry 2024To assess the association between ethnicity and self-reported refractive errors (REs) among Peruvian children aged 7-11 years.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the association between ethnicity and self-reported refractive errors (REs) among Peruvian children aged 7-11 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional study incorporating a secondary data analysis of 2017-2021 data from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). REs and ethnicity were obtained from focal child's mother's report. Four outcomes were assessed: hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and any RE. We included potential confounders, such as age, sex, wealth index, area of residence, region of origin, frequency of watching TV and watching screens at less than 30 cm distance. Generalised linear models with the Poisson family and log link function were used to calculate crude prevalence ratio and adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
RESULTS
Data from a total of 52,753 children were included. The prevalence of RE in children aged 7-11 years was 10.90% (95% CI 10.49-11.33), of which 5.19% were hyperopia, 3.35% myopia and 2.36% astigmatism. Those of the Aymara ethnicity were less likely to suffer from any RE and astigmatism (aPR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.46-0.99, p = 0.046; aPR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.53-0.92, p = 0.012, respectively), Members of Amazon groups were more likely to have hyperopia (aPR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.14-3.36, p = 0.015) and Quechuas were more likely to have myopia (aPR =1.29, 95% CI 1.02-1.62, p = 0.028), where all were compared to Mestizos.
CONCLUSION
About 1 in 10 Peruvian children suffer from a RE. The most frequent RE in this study was hyperopia. Ethnic differences were seen in the frequency of RE.
Topics: Humans; Male; Child; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Peru; Refractive Errors; Prevalence; Health Surveys; Ethnicity
PubMed: 38713932
DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100486 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology May 2024To assess whether the use of measured posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) values improves the prediction accuracy of toric intraocular lens power formulas, compared to...
PURPOSE
To assess whether the use of measured posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) values improves the prediction accuracy of toric intraocular lens power formulas, compared to predicted PCA values, when the orientation of the steep axis of PCA is non-vertical.
DESIGN
Retrospective observational cohort study.
METHODS
Four hundred eighteen eyes of 344 patients were included in the study. Prediction errors (PE) for postoperative refractive astigmatism at 4 weeks postoperatively were determined using vector analysis and compared for the following toric intraocular lens power formulas: Barrett Toric with predicted posterior corneal astigmatism (PPCA); Barrett Toric with measured posterior corneal astigmatism (MPCA); EVO Toric PPCA; EVO Toric MPCA; Holladay I with Abulafia-Koch regression. Subgroup analysis compared PEs for eyes with a vertically orientated steep axis of PCA (60-120°) to eyes with a non-vertically orientated steep axis of PCA.
SETTING
Cathedral Eye Clinic, Belfast, United Kingdom and Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
RESULTS
Standard keratometry was with-the-rule in 48% of eyes, while the steep PCA axis was vertically orientated in 91% of eyes. For all eyes, EVO-PPCA had a smaller mean absolute error than Barrett-MPCA, Barrett-PPCA, and Abulafia-Koch (P < .01 for all). EVO-PPCA had the highest percentage of eyes within 0.50D of predicted postoperative astigmatism for eyes with vertical PCA (61%), while EVO-MPCA had the highest percentage for eyes with non-vertical PCA (54%). EVO-MPCA had the smallest centroid error for all eyes, and the subgroups (P < .01 for all). Eyes with non-vertical PCA had a lower percentage within 0.50D than eyes with vertical PCA when using PPCA (43% vs 61%, P = .034), but there was no significant difference between these groups when MPCA is used for eyes with non-vertical PCA (54% vs 61%, P = .40).
CONCLUSIONS
When the steep axis of posterior corneal astigmatism is not vertically orientated, the use of measured posterior keratometry values improves prediction accuracy.
PubMed: 38705551
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.04.029