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Bioinformation 2024A comparative analysis and assessment of the compressive strength (CS) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) between conventional glass ionomer cement (C-GIC) and a...
A comparative analysis and assessment of the compressive strength (CS) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) between conventional glass ionomer cement (C-GIC) and a silver-reinforced GIC (S-GIC) variant is of interest. Ten specimens of both C-GIC (GC Fuji II, Japan) and S-GIC (Riva Silver, SDI, Australia) were fabricated for the evaluation of compressive strength, and an identical number of samples were created for the examination of tensile strength. These specimens were then tested using a universal testing apparatus. The results exhibited that both the compressive and diametral tensile strengths were significantly greater for the S-GIC cement in comparison to the C-GIC, with a notable p-value of 0.001. The findings suggest that S-GIC may be considered a viable alternative to conventional GIC.
PubMed: 38854768
DOI: 10.6026/973206300200391 -
Cureus May 2024Background This in vitro study aimed to assess the vertical disparities in the positioning of complete crown castings when different quantities of cement were used and...
Background This in vitro study aimed to assess the vertical disparities in the positioning of complete crown castings when different quantities of cement were used and to determine the optimal amount of cement for cementation while minimizing any marginal discrepancies. Methodology A total of 60 ideal nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) crown castings were divided into three groups of experimental volumes of glass ionomer cement, with 20 castings in each group. Group I had completely filled volume with cement, group II had it half-filled, and group III had brushed up cement internally. The crowns were cemented by applying a static load of 5 kg to the cementation apparatus for 10 minutes. The marginal discrepancy between the die and the castings was measured pre-cementation and post-cementation using image analysis software in combination with a stereomicroscope (Motic, USA) at predetermined points that were marked on the die. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Version 16, Armonk, USA) software. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the intergroup analysis. A paired sample t-test was used for intragroup analysis. Result Brushing cement onto the internal surface presented the least mean values (P<0.05) of post-pre-cementation vertical discrepancy (14.92±10.77 μm) when compared to the half-filled cement group (28.42±12.45 μm) and the fully-filled cement group (58.50±20.91 μm). Conclusion Cement volume appeared to be a key factor in the vertical marginal discrepancy of the crown. The cement brush applied to the internal surfaces of the crown showed smaller post-cementation vertical discrepancies.
PubMed: 38854350
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59928 -
Dental Materials Journal Jun 2024Granular type of bone substitutes is currently used in the field of dentistry to restore alveolar bone defects. However, the migration of the granules from the...
Granular type of bone substitutes is currently used in the field of dentistry to restore alveolar bone defects. However, the migration of the granules from the implantation site is still an unresolved issue. In this study, the feasibility to fabricate self-setting calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) granules using different ranges of loading pressure: CSH(0), CSH(50), CSH(100), and CSH(150) was investigated with the hypothesis that CSH granules with reduced microporosity can inhibit the rapid dissolution rate of the calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) set blocks and induce bone regeneration. After 4 weeks of implantation, the granules were mostly replaced with new bone although no significant differences were observed. Nevertheless, the granules demonstrated the ability to set within the bone defect. It is therefore concluded that the setting ability of calcium sulfate can contribute to address the issue of migration of the granules and provide a useful guide for designing setting bone substitutes.
PubMed: 38853007
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-248 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024To investigate the fracture resistance and failure modalities of anterior endocrown restorations fabricated employing diverse ceramic materials, and bonded using various...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the fracture resistance and failure modalities of anterior endocrown restorations fabricated employing diverse ceramic materials, and bonded using various cementation methodologies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty maxillary central incisors were divided into two main groups based on the ceramic materials used; GroupI (Zir): zirconia endocrwons (Zolid HT, Ceramill, Amanngirrbach) and GroupII (E-Max): e-max endocrowns (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent). Both groups were further split into two subgroups depending on the cementation protocols; subgroup IA "ZirMDP": endocowns cemented with MDP primer + MDP resin cement, subgroup IB (ZirNon-MDP): cemented with MDP primer + non-MDP resin cement, subgroup IIA (E-maxMDP): cemented with MDP primer + MDP resin cement, subgroup IIB (E-maxNon-MDP): cemented with MDP primer + non-MDP resin cement. (n = 10/subgroup). Endocrowns were manufactured using CAD/ CAM. Teeth were subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles. The fracture test was performed at 45 with a palatal force direction until the fracture occurred. Test results were recorded in Newton. The failure mode was examined using a stereomicroscope. A One-way ANOVA test was utilized to compare different groups regarding fracture strength values. Tukey`s Post Hoc was utilized for multiple comparisons.
RESULTS
The comparative analysis of fracture strength across the diverse groups yielded non-significant differences, as indicated by a p-value exceeding 0.05. Nonetheless, an observable trend emerged regarding the mode of failure. Specifically, a statistically significant prevalence was noted in fractures localized within the endocrown/tooth complex below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) across all groups, except for Group IIB, "E-max Non-MDP," where fractures within the endocrown/tooth complex occurred above the CEJ.
CONCLUSIONS
Combining an MDP-based primer with an MDP-based resin cement did not result in a significant effect on the anterior endocrown fracture strength.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Regardless of the presence of the MDP monomer in its composition, adhesive resin cement achieved highly successful fracture strength when used with MDP-based ceramic primers. Additionally, ceramic materials exhibiting elastic moduli surpassing those of dentin are discouraged due to their propensity to induce catastrophic fractures within the tooth structure.
Topics: Humans; Cementation; Incisor; In Vitro Techniques; Dental Stress Analysis; Resin Cements; Zirconium; Materials Testing; Crowns; Dental Restoration Failure; Ceramics; Dental Materials; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Porcelain
PubMed: 38851731
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04381-9 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Restorative materials are in prolonged contact with living tissues such as oral mucosa, dentin, pulp, periodontal, and periapical tissues. Therefore, the potentially... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Restorative materials are in prolonged contact with living tissues such as oral mucosa, dentin, pulp, periodontal, and periapical tissues. Therefore, the potentially harmful effects of these materials and their components on oral tissues should be evaluated before clinical use. This study aimed to compare the cell viability of different adhesive systems (ASs) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).
METHODS
Three ASs that combining methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) monomer with new hydrophilic amide monomers [Clearfil Universal Bond Quick(CUBQ), Kuraray Noritake], self-reinforcing 3D monomer [Bond Force II(BFII), Tokuyama)], and dual-cure property [Futurabond DC(FBDC), VOCO] were used. Three (n = 3) samples were prepared for each group. Dental pulp stem cells were isolated from ten patients' extracted third molar teeth. Samples were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) for 24 h (h), 72 h, and 7 days (d) to obtain extracts. For the control group, cells were cultured without DBA samples. Cell viability of ASs extracts was measured using a cell proliferation detection kit (WST-1, Roche). Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc (Duncan) tests (p < 0.05).
RESULTS
At 24 and 72 h statistically significant differences were determined between control and BFII, control and FBDC groups (p < 0.05), while no differences between control and CUBQ groups (p > 0.05). On the 7th d, statistically significant differences were found between the control and experimental groups (p < 0.05), while no differences between experimental groups (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was detected for the BFII group over the three-time interval (p < 0.05). The lowest cell viability was observed for the FBDC group at 24 h, and the difference was statistically significant when compared with 72 h and 7th d (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
All ASs showed different cell viability values at various exposure times. It should be taken into consideration that pH values, as well as the contents of ASs, have a significant effect on the cell viability.
Topics: Humans; Dental Pulp; Cell Survival; Stem Cells; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Time Factors; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 38849812
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04438-9 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024This study investigated the effect of carbodiimide (EDC) combined with Clearfil SE self-etch adhesive on the shear bond strength (SBS), crosslinking degree, denaturation...
BACKGROUND
This study investigated the effect of carbodiimide (EDC) combined with Clearfil SE self-etch adhesive on the shear bond strength (SBS), crosslinking degree, denaturation temperature, and enzyme activity of dentin in vitro.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Collected human sound third molars were randomly divided into different groups with or without EDC treatment (0.01-1 M). The specimens (n = 16)were stored for 24 h (immediate) or 12 months (aging) before testing the SBS. Fine dentin powder was obtained and treated with the same solutions. Then the crosslinking degree, denaturation temperature (Td), and enzyme activity were tested. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the differences of data between groups (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
There was a significant drop in immediate SBS and more adhesive fracture of 1.0 M EDC group, while there were no significant differences among the other groups. SEM showed a homogeneous interface under all treatments. After 12 months of aging, the SBS significantly decreased. Less decreases of SBS in the 0.3 and 0.5 M groups were found. Due to thermal and enzymatical properties consideration, the 0.3 and 0.5 M treatments also showed higher cross-link degree and Td with lower enzyme activity.
CONCLUSION
0.3 and 0.5 M EDC may be favorable for delaying the aging of self-etch bond strength for 12 months. But it is still needed thoroughly study.
Topics: Humans; Carbodiimides; Resin Cements; Shear Strength; Materials Testing; Dentin; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Dental Stress Analysis; Cross-Linking Reagents; Dental Bonding; In Vitro Techniques; Acid Etching, Dental; Molar, Third; Temperature; Time Factors; Surface Properties
PubMed: 38849778
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04415-2 -
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics May 2024This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of relined and non-relined fiberglass posts when cemented to root canal dentin using a conventional...
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of relined and non-relined fiberglass posts when cemented to root canal dentin using a conventional dual-cure resin cement or a self-adhesive resin cement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two types of resin cements were utilized: conventional and self-adhesive. Additionally, 2 cementation protocols were employed, involving relined and non-relined fiberglass posts. In total, 72 bovine incisors were cemented and subjected to push-out bond strength testing ( = 10) followed by failure mode analysis. The cross-sectional microhardness ( = 5) was assessed along the root canal, and interface analyses ( = 3) were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data from the push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness tests were analyzed via 3-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
For non-relined fiberglass posts, conventional resin cement exhibited higher push-out bond strength than self-adhesive cement. Relined fiberglass posts yielded comparable results between the resin cements. Type II failure was the most common failure mode for both resin cements, regardless of cementation protocol. The use of relined fiberglass posts improved the cross-sectional microhardness values for both cements. SEM images revealed voids and bubbles in the incisors with non-relined fiberglass posts.
CONCLUSIONS
Mechanical properties were impacted by the cementation protocol. Relined fiberglass posts presented the highest push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness values, regardless of the resin cement used (conventional dual-cure or self-adhesive). Conversely, for non-relined fiberglass posts, the conventional dual-cure resin cement yielded superior results to the self-adhesive resin cement.
PubMed: 38841382
DOI: 10.5395/rde.2024.49.e18 -
Journal of International Society of... 2024The success of layered restorations necessitates the utilization of an improved restorative material compatible with composite restorations. Therefore, in this line of...
AIM
The success of layered restorations necessitates the utilization of an improved restorative material compatible with composite restorations. Therefore, in this line of research, the strength of adhesion of conventional resin-based dental composite to different filling materials was tested.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Conventional composite resin was bonded to four restorative materials (Group I: conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC), Group II: resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Group III: flowable composite, and Group IV: Cention-N) received no surface treatment (Subgroup A: control), sandblasting using 50-µm aluminum oxide particles (Subgroup B), sandblasting and resin adhesive (Subgroup C), acid etch and resin adhesive (Subgroup D), or self-etch resin adhesive (Subgroup E). After 24 h, the strength of adhesion between the conventional composite resin and the other tested filling materials was estimated by using a universal testing machine and compared using one-factor analysis of variance and Tukey's method.
RESULTS
The conventional GIC had the minimum values of adhesion strength while the flowable composite and Cention-N had the maximum values of adhesion strength ( < 0.05). The treatment of the used restorative materials with sandblasting and resin adhesive boosted the adhesion strength ( < 0.05). The surface treatment of GIC-based materials with either acid etch and resin bonding agent or self-etch resin bonding agent boosted the adhesion strength ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Cention-N sandblasted and coated with resin adhesive before the application of conventional composite resin in layered restorations is a potential alternative to GIC-based restorations and flowable composite.
PubMed: 38827354
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_4_24 -
Cureus May 2024To evaluate and compare the sorption and solubility of two different core buildup materials in different pH media for periods of one day, one week, and one month.
AIM
To evaluate and compare the sorption and solubility of two different core buildup materials in different pH media for periods of one day, one week, and one month.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Sixty samples were prepared and divided into Group A (30 resin-based samples) and Group B (30 glass ionomer cement (GIC)-based samples). The sorption and solubility of the different materials were calculated by weighing the samples before and after desiccation and media immersion for periods of one day, one week, and one month. Groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test, and for different media, the intragroup significance of the mean difference was performed using the Friedmann test and Wilcoxon signed rank test at a significance level of p<0.05.
RESULTS
After immersion for different time periods, the resin-based core buildup material (Core X flow) showed less sorption and solubility as compared to the glass ionomer-based core buildup material (Secure Core Z) for all time periods, with a significant difference seen for a time period of one week and one month and being nonsignificant for a time period of one day.
CONCLUSION
Core X flow had lower sorption and solubility values when compared to Secure Core Z, as per the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4049 standards, except for a one-month time period in alkaline media.
PubMed: 38826964
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59432 -
F1000Research 2023To investigate and compare the effect of four commercially used dental cement at 24 hours, 48 hours,72 hours (h) and 6 days on the cellular response of human gingival...
BACKGROUND
To investigate and compare the effect of four commercially used dental cement at 24 hours, 48 hours,72 hours (h) and 6 days on the cellular response of human gingival fibroblast (HGF).
METHODS
3 cement pellet samples were made for each 4-test cement (n=12). The cement used for this study were zinc phosphate (ZP), zinc oxide non-eugenol (ZOE), RelyX U200 (RU200), and glass ionomer cement (GIC). The cytotoxicity of peri-implant tissues was investigated using one commercial cell line. All processing was done following International Organization for Standardization (ISO) methods 10993-5 and 10993-12 (MTT assay Test). Cell cultures without dental cement were considered as control. Standard laboratory procedures were followed to permit cell growth and confluence over 48 hrs after sub-cultivation. Before being subjected to analysis, the cells were kept in direct contact with the cement samples for the suggested time period. To validate the results the specimens were tested three times each. Cell death and inhibition of cell growth were measured quantitatively. Results were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA (a=0.05) followed by Tukey B post hoc test.
RESULTS
The study showed the dental cement test material was cytotoxic. ZOE, ZP, GIC, and RU200 were cytotoxic in decreasing order, respectively, significantly reducing cell viability after exposure to HGF (p <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of this in-vitro cellular study, results indicated that HGF were vulnerable to the test the dental cement. The highest cytotoxicity was observed in ZOE, followed by ZP, GIC, and RU200.
Topics: Humans; Dental Cements; Fibroblasts; Gingiva; Dental Implants; Time Factors; Cell Proliferation; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Materials Testing
PubMed: 38826571
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.140071.2