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Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024Measurement of dental caries is imperative for its prevention and control. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a dental caries index that is...
INTRODUCTION
Measurement of dental caries is imperative for its prevention and control. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a dental caries index that is reliable, reversible, and valid. A cross-sectional study was designed and conducted at the outreach dental clinics of a dental school in India.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
A total of 219 patients visiting outreach centres participated in the study. Patients attending outreach dental clinics aged 15 years and above, who were dentate and affected by dental caries, were included. Clinical examination was done under clinical conditions with dental chair lighting. Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Index of Caries Experience (ICE) were recorded using the visuo-tactile method according to the index criteria.
RESULTS
The relationship between the DMFT and ICE was determined. Results showed that the DMFT from ICE had good correlation. The decayed teeth index (DTI) score varied from decayed teeth (DT) according to age and sex. DTI was significantly higher for females than for males and higher among younger age groups than older ones, but DT did not exhibit the differences.
CONCLUSIONS
ICE is a new system in which the proviso is to measure the non-cavitated lesions and health of permanent dentition. DMFT and ICE have good correlation. DTI is more sensitive than the DT score.
Topics: Humans; Dental Caries; Female; Male; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Adolescent; DMF Index; Young Adult; Middle Aged; India; Age Factors; Sex Factors; Aged
PubMed: 38934749
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_492_22 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024To compare preparation times using manual, rotary, and reciprocating files during pulpectomy treatment of primary molars. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
To compare preparation times using manual, rotary, and reciprocating files during pulpectomy treatment of primary molars.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
This study was an in vitro, randomised, cross-sectional study.
METHODS
The study was performed on 60 extracted human primary mandibular second molars. Only mesiobuccal canals were prepared using one of three preparation techniques; each preparation technique group comprised 20 canals. Canal preparations were performed by a single, skilled operator using stainless-steel (ss) K-files (ISO size 20-35), a ProTaper Gold SX file, and a WaveOne Gold Medium file following glide path preparation. Preparation times were recorded in second (s) with a digital stopwatch.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Preparation times were compared using analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, where appropriate. The level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
The mean preparation time using the ss K-files was significantly longer (186.4 s) than when using the ProTaper Gold SX (29.6 s) or WaveOne Gold Medium files (30.5 s) (P < 0.001). Similar preparation times were recorded when using the ProTaper Gold SX and WaveOne Gold Medium files (P = 0.939).
CONCLUSION
Preparation times with the ProTaper Gold SX and WaveOne Gold Medium files were significantly faster than when using the ss K-files to prepare primary tooth root canals for pulpectomy. Similar preparation times were noted when using the rotary and reciprocation instrumentation groups (P > 0.05).
Topics: Humans; Molar; Tooth, Deciduous; Root Canal Preparation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Pulpectomy; Dental Instruments; Equipment Design; Time Factors; In Vitro Techniques
PubMed: 38934748
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_495_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024Compare the efficacy of 2% lidocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) and 4% articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) in inferior alveolar nerve block prior to extraction of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
AIMS
Compare the efficacy of 2% lidocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) and 4% articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) in inferior alveolar nerve block prior to extraction of bilateral teeth posterior to canine in interval of one week.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
Thirty-five patients were selected for the study. Patients were divided into two different groups: Group 1 - (2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000)) and Group 2 - (4% articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000)) solution. The study variables for each anaesthetic agent were: onset of action and depth of anaesthesia. A pulp tester was used to demonstrate quantitative values and a visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for qualitative evaluation of the two anaesthetic drugs in 2 min cycle for 10 min with respect to test canine. Anaesthesia was considered successful when pulp tester value 64 was achieved in 10 min for both the anaesthetic agent.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
The difference in the efficacy of lignocaine and articaine was analysed using Student's t test. Within group comparison of the response to the pulp vitality test and VAS over various time periods was analysed using repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Bonferroni test.
RESULTS
Data analysis showed statistical differences in onset and depth of anaesthesia between the two groups (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
4% Articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) onset of action is faster and depth of anaesthesia is better compared to 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000). Many previous studies reported onset of anaesthesia, but this study evaluates onset and depth of both the anaesthetic agent quantitatively and qualitatively.
Topics: Humans; Carticaine; Lidocaine; Anesthetics, Local; Nerve Block; Mandibular Nerve; Epinephrine; Adult; Anesthesia, Dental; Young Adult; Male; Dental Pulp Test; Dental Pulp; Pain Measurement; Female; Tooth Extraction; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Adolescent; Cuspid; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38934747
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_678_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024This study aimed to predict oral health behaviour (OHB) using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and determine its influence on oral health status and oral...
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to predict oral health behaviour (OHB) using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and determine its influence on oral health status and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among subjects attending the outpatient department of a tertiary dental hospital in India.
METHODS
A pre-validated questionnaire was used among 240 randomly selected study subjects to record their demographic details, attitudes (Att), subjective norms (SN) and perceived behaviour control (PBC) with regard to dietary habits (DH), oral hygiene habits (OH) and dental attendance (DA) behaviours. OHRQoL and oral health status of study participants were recorded using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment Form (2013), respectively. Multivariate analysis was performed after the necessary bivariate comparisons.
RESULTS
Among demographic characteristics, the Socioeconomic status (SES) of the study subjects highly influenced their DH and OH (P < 0.05). DA was largely affected by the age of the study subjects (P < 0.05). While attitude of the study participants greatly affected their DH, PBC largely influenced their OH and DA behaviours (P < 0.05). The OHRQoL and Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) levels were strongly influenced by the participants' DA behaviours (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
DMFT scores and OHRQoL were highly influenced by DA behaviour besides others. DA instead was influenced by PBC. Hence, there needs to be a conscious shift towards strengthening the skills of the population to promote oral health.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Oral Health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Male; Adult; Health Behavior; India; Middle Aged; Outpatients; Surveys and Questionnaires; Oral Hygiene; Young Adult; Health Status; Adolescent
PubMed: 38934746
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_684_22 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024High occlusal forces in patients with untreated periodontitis may reflect occlusal trauma-associated periodontal conditions. Occlusal analysis using T-scan might provide...
BACKGROUND
High occlusal forces in patients with untreated periodontitis may reflect occlusal trauma-associated periodontal conditions. Occlusal analysis using T-scan might provide the distribution of occlusal loading forces in periodontitis patients. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of occlusal trauma in periodontitis patients and occlusal calibration using a T-scan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 30 periodontitis patients were recruited for the study. Patients were categorized into two groups: Group I: scaling and root planing followed by T-scan recording and no occlusal calibration; Group II: scaling and root planing followed by occlusal calibration using T-scan. Clinical parameters, orthopantomogram (OPG) and T-scan evaluation were evaluated at baseline, 3-month and 6-month intervals.
RESULTS
Significant improvements in clinical parameters were noted at different time intervals after occlusal calibration using T-scan. At 3-month intervals, mean pocket depth showed statistically significant difference among the test group in the right (upper and lower) and left lower quadrant at P = 0.01, 0.002 and 0.005, respectively. Mean clinical attachment level (CAL) showed statistically significant difference among the test group in the right upper, right lower and left lower quadrants at P = 0.02, 0.001 and 0.009, respectively, at 3 months. The comparison of the mean gingival index (GI) at 6 months showed statistically significant difference among test and control groups at 6 months in different study quadrants (P = 1 in right upper, 0.009 in right lower, <0.001 in left upper and <0.001 in left lower). Mean pocket depth at the 6-month follow-up showed statistically significant difference among the test group in all the study quadrants (P = <0.001 in right upper, <0.001 in right lower, 0.003 in left upper and 0.005 in left lower). Mean CAL showed statistically significant difference among the test group in all the study quadrants at 6-month intervals (P = 0.02 in right upper, <0.001 in right lower, 0.01 in left upper and 0.04 in left lower). The bone defect height showed a statistically significant difference only in the right upper quadrant among both the test groups at the 6-month follow-up (P = 0.02). Comparing the mean percentage of force on both sides of the jaw showed a statistically significant difference among the test group at 6 months (P = 0.001 on the left side and 0.001 on the right side).
CONCLUSION
The occlusal correction using T-scan showed a positive association between probing pocket depth (PPD) and CAL at different time intervals from baseline to 6 months when these parameters were compared after occlusal adjustments.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Periodontitis; Middle Aged; Radiography, Panoramic; Bite Force; Root Planing; Dental Scaling; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic; Calibration
PubMed: 38934744
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_40_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024Epistemic injustice and the so-called "predators" or illegitimate publishers are the challenges of Southern scholarly publishing. Even though open access (OA) publishing...
BACKGROUND
Epistemic injustice and the so-called "predators" or illegitimate publishers are the challenges of Southern scholarly publishing. Even though open access (OA) publishing is revolutionary in academic publishing, increased compensation from authors in the form of author processing charges (APCs) by commercial publishers has marginalized knowledge creation in the Global South. The purpose of this study was to map the nature and scope of dental journal publishing in India.
METHODS
We searched databases like Scopus, WoS, DOAJ, and the UGC CARE list for dental journals published in India.
RESULT
There are currently 35 active dental journals, which mostly belong to or are affiliated with non-profit organizations (26, 55.9%) or educational institutions (9, 25.8%). The publication of 25 journals has been outsourced to international commercial publishers, with most of these linked to non-profit organizations. About 39.8% of Indian dental journals are OA and almost half charge APCs. Around 60% of the Indian journals are indexed in Scopus, and slightly less than half (12) are included in the Web of Science (WoS).
DISCUSSION
The monopoly of international commercial publishers and the presence of APCs are the real culprits of epistemic injustice in Indian dental journal publishing. Besides, the identification of regional legitimate publishers would help demarcate the term "predatory publishing".
CONCLUSION
The post-colonial world witnessed an emergence in Southern scholarly publishing. However, the hegemony or neoliberal exploitation of international commercial publishers and the prolonged use of "predators" in scholarly debates marginalized the knowledge produced in the Global South.
Topics: India; Periodicals as Topic; Publishing; Pilot Projects; Humans; Dental Research; Knowledge
PubMed: 38934743
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_738_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024Internet Addiction and phubbing are prevalent disruptive behaviours among students. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between phubbing, smartphone...
BACKGROUND
Internet Addiction and phubbing are prevalent disruptive behaviours among students. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between phubbing, smartphone addiction and some of the related psychological effects among dental undergraduates.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A multi-centric cross-sectional pre-validated questionnaire-based study was conducted among undergraduate students of five different dental colleges across India. The questionnaire included the Phubbing Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), Smartphone Application-based Addiction Scale (SABAS), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The data were analysed with IBM SPSS version 21, followed by a t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Spearmen's co-relation to find the association between different psychological variables among study subjects.
RESULTS
The total sample comprise of 1226 with mean age of 22.35. The SABAS showed a higher mean ± standard deviation (SD) score (3.17 ± 0.93). The Phubbing Scale showed a positive correlation with the SABAS (0.658), the results were found to be highly statistically significant (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The present study found a higher prevalence of phubbing and smartphone addiction among dental students. Our results showed that impulsiveness leads to internet addiction and thus phubbing is becoming a way to find solace during communication to escape anxiety and distress.
Topics: Humans; Students, Dental; Smartphone; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Young Adult; Behavior, Addictive; India; Surveys and Questionnaires; Internet Addiction Disorder; Adult; Self Concept; Prevalence; Adolescent
PubMed: 38934742
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_565_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024Expanding knowledge on tobacco use and quitting outcomes in Chhattisgarh, India, is crucial. Limited data hinder the assessment of tobacco use prevalence and quitting...
INTRODUCTION
Expanding knowledge on tobacco use and quitting outcomes in Chhattisgarh, India, is crucial. Limited data hinder the assessment of tobacco use prevalence and quitting outcomes in the region. This household-based cross-sectional study aimed to assess smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and quit behaviour among village dwellers aged 35-44 and 65-74 years in Jamul, Chhattisgarh.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A survey was conducted among 450 participants, utilising a pretested questionnaire and data analysis using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v23.
RESULTS
The study revealed that among the survey participants, 61.1% were males and 38.9% were females. The prevalence of SLT use was found to be 67.8%, with 59.1% of current SLT users reporting daily use. Middle-aged individuals predominantly chose gutkha, while khaini was more common among the elderly. Tobacco and paan with tobacco were also commonly used forms. Gudakhu, a popular SLT product for oral hygiene and easy defecation, was reported by 71.34% of participants. Television warnings and SLT packages proved to be successful methods for disseminating information about the dangers of SLT use. However, SLT users who attempted to quit independently reported encountering one or more withdrawal symptoms, which posed significant obstacles to quitting SLT.
CONCLUSION
Community-based awareness programmes are implemented via regional television (TV) channels, coupled with cessation initiatives, including professional counselling, pharmaceutical interventions and support of peer. Changing attitudes against SLT use and promoting tobacco-free environments are prioritized. These strategies will effectively address SLT use and improve quitting outcomes in Jamul, Chhattisgarh, fostering a healthier community.
Topics: Humans; Tobacco, Smokeless; Female; Male; India; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Middle Aged; Aged; Rural Population; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco Use; Surveys and Questionnaires; Prevalence
PubMed: 38934741
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_596_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024To comparatively evaluate the effect of normal saline gel and ozonated saline-ozonated gel (ozone therapy) on pain, inflammation, soft tissue, and crestal bone loss in... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
AIMS
To comparatively evaluate the effect of normal saline gel and ozonated saline-ozonated gel (ozone therapy) on pain, inflammation, soft tissue, and crestal bone loss in dental implant surgery.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
Forty adult patients scheduled to undergo implant were randomized into two groups: Twenty patients (n = 20) received ozone therapy and controls (n = 20) received normal saline and gel during implant placement. Inflammation and pain were noted at days 1 and 7 and 3 month intervals by estimating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and assessing visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. At 3 months, soft tissue outcomes were noted in terms of plaque index, gingival index, and pocket depth, while crestal bone loss was noted via a radiograph.
RESULTS
Mean CRP levels were significantly higher in the control group as compared to that in the case group on day 1 and day 7 follow-ups (P < 0.05). Mean VAS scores for pain were also lower in the case group as compared to the control group at all follow-ups, but the difference was significant statistically only at day 1 (P = 0.061). The plaque index was significantly lower in the case group as compared to the control group (P = 0.011) at final follow-up. No significant difference between two groups was observed for crestal bone loss.
CONCLUSIONS
Ozone therapy during implant placement was effective in reduction of pain, systemic inflammation, and plaque deposition in dental implant patients.
Topics: Humans; Ozone; Gels; Male; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; C-Reactive Protein; Saline Solution; Dental Implants; Dental Plaque Index; Alveolar Bone Loss; Periodontal Index; Pain Measurement; Dental Implantation; Inflammation
PubMed: 38934740
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_591_23 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Jan 2024
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Robotics; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Dental Implantation, Endosseous
PubMed: 38934739
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_358_24