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PloS One 2024This study aims to analyze the efficacy and safety of different electrical stimulation treatments for post-stroke motor dysfunction, and to quantitatively analyze the...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to analyze the efficacy and safety of different electrical stimulation treatments for post-stroke motor dysfunction, and to quantitatively analyze the advantages between them and their possible benefits for patients.
METHODS
We will systematically search seven databases. All of them will be retrieved from inception to 15, April 2024. Two reviewers will evaluation the risk of bias in all included studies with the version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Data synthesis will be performed using a random-effects model of network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of different electrical stimulation therapies. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve was used to indicate the possibility of the pros and cons of the intervention. The strength of evidence will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework.
DISCUSSION
This study will provide evidence that electrical stimulation therapy can effectively improve motor function in stroke patients and will also provide some valuable references for clinical decision-making and treatment guidelines.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023459102.
Topics: Humans; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Stroke; Network Meta-Analysis; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Stroke Rehabilitation; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38935648
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304174 -
PloS One 2024To evaluate structural alterations and healing responses in the trabecular meshwork region with optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) following after gonioscopy assisted...
PURPOSE
To evaluate structural alterations and healing responses in the trabecular meshwork region with optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) following after gonioscopy assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) and microincisional trabeculectomy (MIT).
METHODS
73 eyes of 67 patients (M:F = 45:22) with ≥6 months of follow-up after MIT (n = 41) or GATT (n = 32) with or without combined cataract surgery were included for this prospective study. The angle as seen on AS-OCT at 1, 3, 6 months after surgery were evaluated for structural alterations like peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS), hyphema, and hyperreflective scarring responses. The scarring was graded according to the linear extent measured from the centre of the trabecular meshwork (TM) gutter to the sclera/cornea as mild (<250μ), moderate (250-500μ), and severe(˃500μ), while the pattern of scarring was graded as open saucer/gutter, closed gutter, and trench pattern. The association of the need for medication or surgical outcome and clinical variables and AS-OCT parameters including the pattern and severity of scarring were analysed using multivariate regression.
RESULTS
All eyes achieved significant reduction of IOP and number of medications with a final IOP of 15±3.2mm Hg at a mean follow-up of 8±32. months. While mild scarring was seen more common in MIT, severe scarring was seen in >65% of GATT eyes compared to 31% of MIT eye, p<0.001. An open saucer was equally seen in MIT and GATT while the trench pattern was more commonly seen in GATT eyes (>50%). Severe scarring in a trench pattern seemed to predict the need for medications for IOP control, though they independently did not seem to influence the final IOP or surgical outcome.
CONCLUSION
A severe form of scarring in a trench pattern on AS-OCT predicted the need for glaucoma medications after MIGS surgery. Regular monitoring of the scarring responses by AS-OCT and clinical examination are necessary to identify those at need for medications after MIGS.
Topics: Humans; Male; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Female; Aged; Trabeculectomy; Middle Aged; Glaucoma; Prospective Studies; Trabecular Meshwork; Wound Healing; Intraocular Pressure; Gonioscopy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38935644
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305740 -
PloS One 2024Although sloped surfaces are common in daily living, most studies of body balance are carried out on flat surfaces, and few data are available for sloping angles below...
INTRODUCTION
Although sloped surfaces are common in daily living, most studies of body balance are carried out on flat surfaces, and few data are available for sloping angles below 14°.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of forward and backward sloping surfaces at 7° and 15° on postural equilibrium and the activity of flexor/extensor ankle muscles.
METHODS
Fifteen healthy subjects (8 males and 7 females) (27.67 ± 3.9 years) underwent a posturographic examination associated with a surface electromyogram (EMG) of tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (Sol) and gastrocnemius medialis (GasM) under five conditions of support inclination: 0° (H0), backward inclination at 7° and 15° (DF7 and DF15), forward inclination at 7° and 15° (PF7 and PF15).
RESULTS
Results showed that the center of pressure (CP) was shifted according to the surface slope, with a forward move in PF7 (p <0.001) and PF15 (p <0.001) and a backward move in DF7 (p <0.01) and in DF15 (p <0.001). The mean displacement of the CP along the anterior-posterior axis (Xm) was increased in DF15 (p <0.01) relative to the H0 condition but reduced in PF7 (p <0.01). The normalized EMG revealed higher values when the muscles were in a shortened position (PF7 for Sol, p <0.05; PF15 for GasM, p <0.01; DF15 for TA, p<0.01) and lower values of GasM and Sol when lengthened (DF15, p <0.05).
CONCLUSION
Our findings indicate that standing on a backward sloped surface impairs body balance, while low-angle forward sloped surfaces might improve postural stability. Muscular activity variations of the ankle flexors/extensors, which are stretched or shortened, also seem to be related to the length-tension relationship of skeletal muscles.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Muscle, Skeletal; Postural Balance; Electromyography; Ankle; Young Adult; Ankle Joint
PubMed: 38935639
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305840 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Jun 2024Obesity and diabetes are known risk factors for severe dengue. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association of obesity with increased risk of hospitalization, as...
BACKGROUND
Obesity and diabetes are known risk factors for severe dengue. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association of obesity with increased risk of hospitalization, as there is limited information.
METHODS AND FINDINGS
Children aged 10 to 18 years (n = 4782), were recruited from 9 districts in Sri Lanka using a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method. Details of previous admissions to hospital due to dengue and anthropometric measurements were recorded and seropositivity rates for dengue were assessed. The body mass index (BMI) centile in children aged 10 to 18, was derived by plotting the values on the WHO BMI-for-age growth charts, to acquire the percentile ranking.
RESULTS
Although the dengue seropositivity rates were similar in children of the different BMI centiles, 12/66 (18.2%) seropositive children with a BMI centile >97th, had been hospitalized for dengue, compared to 103/1086 (9.48%) of children with a BMI centile of <97th. The logistic regression model suggested that BMI centiles 50th to 85th (OR = 1.06, 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.11, p = 0.048) and BMI centile of >97th (OR 2.33, 95% CI, 1.47 to 3.67, p = 0.0003) was significantly associated with hospitalization when compared to children in other BMI categories.
CONCLUSIONS
Obesity appears to be associated with an increased risk of hospitalization in dengue, which should be further investigated in longitudinal prospective studies. With the increase in obesity in many countries, it would be important to create awareness regarding obesity and risk of severe disease and hospitalization in dengue.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Hospitalization; Male; Female; Sri Lanka; Pediatric Obesity; Dengue; Body Mass Index; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38935620
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012248 -
PloS One 2024Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) refers to the secondary damage to myocardial tissue that occurs when blood perfusion is rapidly restored following...
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) refers to the secondary damage to myocardial tissue that occurs when blood perfusion is rapidly restored following myocardial ischemia. This process often exacerbates the injury to myocardial fiber structure and function. The activation mechanism of angiogenesis is closely related to MIRI and plays a significant role in the occurrence and progression of ischemic injury. In this study, we utilized sequencing data from the GEO database and employed WGCNA, Mfuzz cluster analysis, and protein interaction network to identify Stat3, Rela, and Ubb as hub genes involved in MIRI-angiogenesis. Additionally, the GO and KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes highlighted their broad participation in inflammatory responses and associated signaling pathways. Moreover, the analysis of sequencing data and hub genes revealed a notable increase in the infiltration ratio of monocytes and activated mast cells. By establishing key cell ROC curves, using independent datasets, and validating the expression of hub genes, we demonstrated their high diagnostic value. Moreover, by scrutinizing single-cell sequencing data alongside trajectory analysis, it has come to light that Stat3 and Rela exhibit predominant expression within Dendritic cells. In contrast, Ubb demonstrates expression across multiple cell types, with all three genes being expressed at distinct stages of cellular development. Lastly, leveraging the CMap database, we predicted potential small molecule compounds for the identified hub genes and validated their binding activity through molecular docking. Ultimately, our research provides valuable evidence and references for the early diagnosis and treatment of MIRI from the perspective of angiogenesis.
Topics: Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Humans; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Biomarkers; Transcription Factor RelA; Protein Interaction Maps; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Gene Expression Profiling; Angiogenesis
PubMed: 38935597
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300790 -
PLoS Biology Jun 2024Loss of synapses between spiral ganglion neurons and inner hair cells (IHC synaptopathy) leads to an auditory neuropathy called hidden hearing loss (HHL) characterized...
Loss of synapses between spiral ganglion neurons and inner hair cells (IHC synaptopathy) leads to an auditory neuropathy called hidden hearing loss (HHL) characterized by normal auditory thresholds but reduced amplitude of sound-evoked auditory potentials. It has been proposed that synaptopathy and HHL result in poor performance in challenging hearing tasks despite a normal audiogram. However, this has only been tested in animals after exposure to noise or ototoxic drugs, which can cause deficits beyond synaptopathy. Furthermore, the impact of supernumerary synapses on auditory processing has not been evaluated. Here, we studied mice in which IHC synapse counts were increased or decreased by altering neurotrophin 3 (Ntf3) expression in IHC supporting cells. As we previously showed, postnatal Ntf3 knockdown or overexpression reduces or increases, respectively, IHC synapse density and suprathreshold amplitude of sound-evoked auditory potentials without changing cochlear thresholds. We now show that IHC synapse density does not influence the magnitude of the acoustic startle reflex or its prepulse inhibition. In contrast, gap-prepulse inhibition, a behavioral test for auditory temporal processing, is reduced or enhanced according to Ntf3 expression levels. These results indicate that IHC synaptopathy causes temporal processing deficits predicted in HHL. Furthermore, the improvement in temporal acuity achieved by increasing Ntf3 expression and synapse density suggests a therapeutic strategy for improving hearing in noise for individuals with synaptopathy of various etiologies.
Topics: Animals; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Synapses; Neurotrophin 3; Mice; Auditory Threshold; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Reflex, Startle; Auditory Perception; Spiral Ganglion; Female; Male; Hearing Loss, Hidden
PubMed: 38935589
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002665 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Jun 2024Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a five-year survival rate of only 5%.
INTRODUCTION
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a five-year survival rate of only 5%.
OBJECTIVES
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is often fatal because of the lack of specific early symptoms and effective early screening tools. Therefore, 80%-85% of patients are usually diagnosed in the advanced stages. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
METHODS
Eighty patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were recruited from the Integrative Medicine Department of our hospital between June 2017 and October 2018 and randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 40) and the control group (n = 40). The experimental group received transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with analgesic medication for 3 consecutive days, while the control group received only analgesic medication. The pain scores of the two groups before and after intervention were compared.
RESULTS
The mean pain severity score was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group on day 1 (P < 0.001), day 2 (P < 0.001), day 3 (P = 0.005), and day 4 (P = 0.043).
CONCLUSION
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation therapy effectively alleviates the pain of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer with a high degree of safety and minimal adverse effects, and is worthy of clinical application.
PubMed: 38935575
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2172_23 -
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Brucellosis; South Carolina; Animals; Brucella canis; Dogs; Interdisciplinary Communication
PubMed: 38935566
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7325a3 -
Kidney360 Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Acute Kidney Injury; Male; Contrast Media; Middle Aged; Aged
PubMed: 38935493
DOI: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000463 -
Kidney360 Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Risk Factors; Child; Acute Kidney Injury; Male; Adolescent; Female; Child, Preschool; Infant; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38935491
DOI: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000410