-
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jun 2024Reported here are the sequences for 11 and four strains isolated from post-menopausal women with a recurrent urinary tract infection. Each of the strains were...
Reported here are the sequences for 11 and four strains isolated from post-menopausal women with a recurrent urinary tract infection. Each of the strains were isolated along with an strain. This provides a resource of high-quality complete genomes from polymicrobial infections.
PubMed: 38916300
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00147-24 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2024Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, with increased risk following menopause. Dietary intake of beetroot juice and other plant-based...
Seven-day dietary nitrate supplementation clinically significantly improves basal macrovascular function in postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial.
INTRODUCTION
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, with increased risk following menopause. Dietary intake of beetroot juice and other plant-based nitrate-rich foods is a promising non-pharmacological strategy for increasing systemic nitric oxide and improving endothelial function in elderly populations. The purpose of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial was to determine the effects of short-term dietary nitrate (NO ) supplementation, in the form of beetroot juice, on resting macrovascular endothelial function and endothelial resistance to whole-arm ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in postmenopausal women at two distinct stages of menopause.
METHODS
Early-postmenopausal [1-6 years following their final menstrual period (FMP), = 12] and late-postmenopausal (6+ years FMP, = 12) women consumed nitrate-rich (400 mg NO /70 mL) and nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (approximately 40 mg NO /70 mL, placebo) daily for 7 days. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured pre-supplementation (Day 0), and approximately 24 h after the last beetroot juice (BR) dose (Day 8, post-7-day BR). Consequently, FMD was measured immediately post-IR injury and 15 min later (recovery).
RESULTS
Results of the linear mixed-effects model revealed a significantly greater increase in resting FMD with 7 days of BR compared to BR (mean difference of 2.21, 95% CI [0.082, 4.34], = 0.042); however, neither treatment blunted the decline in post-IR injury FMD in either postmenopausal group. Our results suggest that 7-day BR-mediated endothelial protection is lost within the 24-h period following the final dose of BR.
CONCLUSION
Our findings demonstrate that nitrate-mediated postmenopausal endothelial protection is dependent on the timing of supplementation in relation to IR injury and chronobiological variations in dietary nitrate metabolism.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03644472.
PubMed: 38915856
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1359671 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024The increasing prevalence of depression is a major societal burden. The etiology of depression involves multiple mechanisms. Thus, the outcomes of the currently used... (Review)
Review
The increasing prevalence of depression is a major societal burden. The etiology of depression involves multiple mechanisms. Thus, the outcomes of the currently used treatment for depression are suboptimal. The anti-depression effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations have piqued the interest of the scientific community owing to their multi-ingredient, multi-target, and multi-link characteristics. According to the TCM theory, the functioning of the kidney is intricately linked to that of the brain. Clinical observations have indicated the therapeutic potential of the kidney-tonifying formula (EXD) in depression. This review aimed to comprehensively search various databases to summarize the anti-depression effects of EXD, explore the underlying material basis and mechanisms, and offer new suggestions and methods for the clinical treatment of depression. The clinical and preclinical studies published before 31 August 2023, were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Clinical studies have demonstrated that EXD exhibits therapeutic properties in patients with menopausal depression, depression, and maintenance hemodialysis-associated depression. Meanwhile, preclinical studies have reported that EXD and its special chemical markers exert anti-depression effects by modulating monoamine neurotransmitter levels, inhibiting neuroinflammation, augmenting synaptic plasticity, exerting neuroprotective effects, regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, promoting neurogenesis, and altering cerebrospinal fluid composition. Thus, the anti-depression effects of EXD are mediated through multiple ingredients, targets, and links. However, further clinical and animal studies are needed to investigate the anti-depression effects of EXD and the underlying mechanisms and offer additional evidence and recommendations for its clinical application. Moreover, strategies must be developed to improve the quality control of EXD. This review provides an overview of EXD and guidance for future research direction.
PubMed: 38915473
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1377079 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024To comprehensively analyze the ADRs associated with Denosumab (Prolia) in the treatment of osteoporosis using data from the FAERS database, and gain a better...
OBJECTIVE
To comprehensively analyze the ADRs associated with Denosumab (Prolia) in the treatment of osteoporosis using data from the FAERS database, and gain a better understanding of the potential risks and side effects of Denosumab (Prolia) therapy.
METHODS
Data of Denosumab (Prolia) were collected from the FAERS database covering the period from first quarter of 2010 to the third quarter of 2023. Disproportionality analysis was performed by calculating the reporting odds ratios (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and Bayesian analysis confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) to detect positive signals.
RESULTS
Totally, 17,985,365 reports were collected from the FAERS database, 1,97,807 reports of Denosumab (Prolia) were identified as the "primary suspected (PS)" ADRs. Denosumab (Prolia) induced ADRs occurred in 27 organ systems. 38 significant disproportionality PTs satisfying with the three algorithms were retained at the same time. Unexpected significant ADRs such as bone density abnormal and immobile also occur. The majority of the ADRs occurred within the first 30 days after Denosumab (Prolia) initiation.
CONCLUSION
Based on the American FAERS database, the high frequency ADRs of Denosumab (Prolia) were hypocalcaemia, bone density abnormal, eczema, rebound effect, spinal deformity, etc. Clinical use of this drug should focus on this part of ADRs. Attention should also be paid to newly discovered ADRs, such as immobile, menopausal symptoms, etc., to avoid more serious consequences. Cohort studies, more detailed and comprehensive case information, and long-term clinical investigations are needed to confirm these results and to further understand the safety profile of Denosumab (Prolia).
PubMed: 38915470
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1358592 -
BMC Women's Health Jun 2024The purpose of this study was to predict the risk factors for residual lesions in patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who underwent total...
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to predict the risk factors for residual lesions in patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who underwent total hysterectomy.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 212 patients with histologically confirmed high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2-3) who underwent hysterectomy within 6 months after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Clinical data (e.g., age, menopausal status, HPV type, and Liquid-based cytology test(LCT) type), as well as pathological data affiliated with endocervical curettage (ECC), colposcopy, LEEP and hysterectomy, were retrieved from medical records. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate the relationship between the variables and risk of residual lesions after hysterectomy.
RESULTS
Overall, 75 (35.4%) patients had residual lesions after hysterectomy. Univariate analyses revealed that positive margin (p = 0.003), glandular involvement (p = 0.017), positive ECC (p < 0.01), HPV16/18 infection (p = 0.032) and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) I-III (p = 0.014) were factors related to the presence of residual lesions after hysterectomy. Conversely, postmenopausal status, age ≥ 50 years, ≤ 30 days from LEEP to hysterectomy, and LCT type were not risk factors for residual lesions. A positive margin (p = 0.025) and positive ECC (HSIL) (p < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for residual lesions in multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study revealed that positive incisal margins and ECC (≥ CIN2) were risk factors for residual lesions, while glandular involvement and VaIN were protective factors. In later clinical work, colposcopic pathology revealed that glandular involvement was associated with a reduced risk of residual uterine lesions. 60% of the patients with residual uterine lesions were menopausal patients, and all patients with carcinoma in situ in this study were menopausal patients. Therefore, total hysterectomy may be a better choice for treating CIN in menopausal patients with positive margins and positive ECC.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Hysterectomy; Retrospective Studies; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Adult; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Neoplasm, Residual; Papillomavirus Infections; Margins of Excision; Electrosurgery; Aged
PubMed: 38915002
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03212-x -
BMC Public Health Jun 2024Hormone therapy (HT) use among menopausal women declined after negative information from the 2002 Women's Health Initiative (WHI) HT study. The 2017 post-intervention...
BACKGROUND
Hormone therapy (HT) use among menopausal women declined after negative information from the 2002 Women's Health Initiative (WHI) HT study. The 2017 post-intervention follow-up WHI study revealed that HT did not increase long-term mortality. However, studies on the effects of the updated WHI findings are lacking. Thus, we assessed the impact of the 2017 WHI findings on HT use in Taiwan.
METHODS
We identified 1,869,050 women aged 50-60 years, between June and December 2017, from health insurance claims data to compare HT use in the 3 months preceding and following September 2017. To address the limitations associated with interval-censored data, we employed an emulated repeated cross-sectional design. Using logistic regression analysis, we evaluated the impact of the 2017 WHI study on menopausal symptom-related outpatient visits and HT use. In a scenario analysis, we examined the impact of the 2002 trial on HT use to validate our study design.
RESULTS
Study participants' baseline characteristics before and after the 2017 WHI study were not significantly different. Logistic regressions demonstrated that the 2017 study had no significant effect on outpatient visits for menopause-related symptoms or HT use among women with outpatient visits. The scenario analysis confirmed the negative impact of the 2002 WHI trial on HT use.
CONCLUSIONS
The 2017 WHI study did not demonstrate any impact on either menopause-related outpatient visits or HT use among middle-aged women in Taiwan. Our emulated cross-sectional study design may be employed in similar population-based policy intervention studies using interval-censored data.
Topics: Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Middle Aged; Taiwan; Women's Health; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Menopause; Hormone Replacement Therapy
PubMed: 38914983
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19089-2 -
Gynecological Endocrinology : the... Dec 2024Female sexual interest and arousal disorder (FSIAD) is the most prevalent female sexual dysfunction in the postmenopause. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Female sexual interest and arousal disorder (FSIAD) is the most prevalent female sexual dysfunction in the postmenopause.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the currently available evidence on the use of testosterone in the treatment of FSIAD in postmenopausal women.
METHODS
A narrative review on the topic was performed. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews and meta-analysis were considered. 123 articles were screened, 105 of them assessed for eligibility, and finally 9 were included in qualitative synthesis following the PRISMA declaration.
RESULTS
Current evidence recommends, with moderate therapeutic benefit, the use of systemic transdermal testosterone within the premenopausal physiological range in postmenopausal women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), the previous entity for low desire dysfunction, not primarily related to modifiable factors or comorbidities such as relationship or mental health problems. The available evidence is based on studies with heterogeneity on their design (different testosterone doses, routes of administration, testosterone use in combination and alone, sexual instruments of measurement). There is no data indicating severe short-term adverse effects, although long-term safety data is lacking.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite having testosterone as a valuable tool, therapeutic strategies are lacking in the pharmacological field of HSDD/FSIAD. Neuroimaging studies could provide valuable information regarding the sexual desire substrate and suggest the potential application of already approved drugs for women with a good safety profile. The use of validated instruments for HSDD in postmenopausal women, considering the level of distress, is necessary to be able to draw robust conclusions on the evaluated treatments.
Topics: Humans; Female; Testosterone; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological; Postmenopause; Libido
PubMed: 38913119
DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2364220 -
Heliyon Jun 2024Bazi Bushen capsule (BZBS) is a Chinese herbal compound that is clinically used to treat fatigue and forgetfulness. However, it is still unclear whether and how BZBS...
BACKGROUND
Bazi Bushen capsule (BZBS) is a Chinese herbal compound that is clinically used to treat fatigue and forgetfulness. However, it is still unclear whether and how BZBS affects heart function decline in menopausal women. This study aimed to examine the effect of BZBS on cardiac function in a high-fat diet-fed ovariectomy (HFD-fed OVX) mouse model and elucidate the underlying mechanism of this effect.
METHODS
The experimental animals were divided into five groups: sham group, HFD-fed OVX group, and BZBS (0.7, 1.4, 2.8 g/kg) intervention groups. Senescence β-galactosidase staining and echocardiography were used to evaluate cardiac function. SwissTargetPrediction, KEGG and GO enrichment analyses were used to screen the underlying mechanism of BZBS. The morphological and functional changes in cardiac mitochondria and the underlying molecular mechanism were assessed by transmission electron microscopy, western blotting and biochemical assays. STRING database was used to analysis protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Molecular docking studies were employed to predict the interactions of specific BZBS compounds with their protein targets.
RESULTS
BZBS treatment ameliorated cardiac senescence and cardiac systole injury in HFD-fed OVX mice. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the 530 targets of the 14 main components of BZBS were enriched mainly in the oxidative stress-associated pathway, which was confirmed by the finding that BZBS treatment prevented abnormal morphological changes and oxidative stress damage to cardiac mitochondria in HFD-fed OVX mice. Furthermore, the STRING database showed that the targets of BZBS were broadly related to the Sirtuins family. And BZBS upregulated the SIRT3 and elevated the activity of SOD2 in the hearts of HFD-fed OVX mice, which was also verified . Additionally, we revealed that imperatorin and osthole from the BZBS upregulated the expression of SIRT3 by directly docking with the transcription factors HDAC1, HDAC2, and BRD4, which regulate the expression of SIRT3.
CONCLUSION
This research shows that the antioxidative effect and cardioprotective role of BZBS on HFD-fed OVX mice involves an increase in the activity of the SIRT3/SOD2 pathway, and the imperatorin and osthole of BZBS may play central roles in this process.
PubMed: 38912487
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32159 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is closely associated with bone homeostasis. However, little is known about the relationships among the bone mineral...
INTRODUCTION
Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is closely associated with bone homeostasis. However, little is known about the relationships among the bone mineral density (BMD) index, bone turnover markers, and the gut microbiota and its metabolites in postmenopausal women.
METHODS
In this study, to understand gut microbiota signatures and serum metabolite changes in postmenopausal women with reduced BMD, postmenopausal individuals with normal or reduced BMD were recruited and divided into normal and OS groups. Feces and serum samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics and integrated analysis.
RESULTS
The results demonstrated that bacterial richness and diversity were greater in the OS group than in the normal group. Additionally, distinguishing bacteria were found among the two groups and were closely associated with the BMD index and bone turnover markers. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the expression of serum metabolites, such as etiocholanolone, testosterone sulfate, and indole-3-pyruvic acid, and the corresponding signaling pathways, especially those involved in tryptophan metabolism, fatty acid degradation and steroid hormone biosynthesis, also changed significantly. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between normal group-enriched abundance and normal group-enriched etiocholanolone and testosterone sulfate abundances; in particular, correlated positively with BMD. Importantly, the tryptophan-indole metabolism pathway was uniquely metabolized by the gut bacteria-derived gene, the predicted abundance of which was significantly greater in the normal group than in the control group, and the abundance of was strongly correlated with the gene.
DISCUSSION
Our results indicated a clear difference in the gut microbiota and serum metabolites of postmenopausal women. Specifically altered bacteria and derived metabolites were closely associated with the BMD index and bone turnover markers, indicating the potential of the gut microbiota and serum metabolites as modifiable factors and therapeutic targets for preventing osteoporosis.
Topics: Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Female; Bone Density; Postmenopause; Feces; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Metabolomics; Bacteria; Aged; Metabolome; Biomarkers; Chromatography, Liquid; Mass Spectrometry; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Bone Remodeling
PubMed: 38912210
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1367325 -
Journal of Radiology Case Reports 2024This case report discusses a diagnosis of uterine torsion in an 84-year-old woman who presented with five days of right lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting,...
This case report discusses a diagnosis of uterine torsion in an 84-year-old woman who presented with five days of right lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and poor intake. Computed tomography (CT) imaging demonstrated a whorled configuration at the junction of the cervix and lower uterine segment, with the left gonadal vein crossing midline, and two previously known right leiomyomas now appearing on the left. These findings were consistent with the diagnosis of uterine torsion. She then underwent an urgent exploratory laparotomy, and the uterus was found to be dextroverted 270 degrees, with dark mottled purple tissue and engorged vessels. A supracervical hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy were performed. Final pathology demonstrated extensive necrosis. This case reviews the classic presentation and imaging findings for the rare diagnosis of uterine torsion and options for management of both non-gravid and gravid patients.
Topics: Humans; Female; Leiomyoma; Aged, 80 and over; Torsion Abnormality; Uterine Neoplasms; Postmenopause; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Uterine Diseases; Hysterectomy; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 38910588
DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.v18i1.5035