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Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Jun 2024Synovial myxoma, a rare joint tumor in dogs, has traditionally been considered benign, acknowledging that local invasion into regional tissues including bone may be...
Synovial myxoma, a rare joint tumor in dogs, has traditionally been considered benign, acknowledging that local invasion into regional tissues including bone may be present. Given the diagnostic challenges in distinguishing synovial myxoma from other joint lesions through clinical features and diagnostic imaging, definitive diagnosis relies on characteristic gross and histologic features. Within the inner surface of the joint capsule, synovial myxomas form nodules of stellate-to-spindle cells within abundant myxomatous matrix. We present here 2 cases of synovial myxoma with metastasis to regional lymph nodes and compare these 2 cases to 3 cases without evidence of lymph node metastasis. Aside from lymphovascular invasion in one case with metastasis, there were no overt histologic features of the primary tumor to suggest aggressive biologic behavior. The finding of lymph node metastasis warrants reconsideration of the term "synovial myxoma" for this neoplasm. We suggest the term "synovial myxosarcoma," considering that histologic features of the primary tumor do not predict biologic behavior. Our case series highlights the importance of lymph node sampling in suspected synovial myxosarcoma cases as well as thorough histologic examination, emphasizing careful evaluation for lymphovascular invasion.
PubMed: 38828841
DOI: 10.1177/10406387241257254 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2024Neoplasia has been reported in lizards, but more research is needed to accurately document the prevalence and prognosis of the various known neoplasms that affect...
Neoplasia has been reported in lizards, but more research is needed to accurately document the prevalence and prognosis of the various known neoplasms that affect lizards. This study reviewed medical records from an online database, the Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance (ESCRA), and reviewed published literature to determine the prevalence of neoplasia, malignancy, metastasis, treatment strategies, and outcomes by species and sex. Records from 55 individual lizards, 20 different species, and 37 different tumors were identified. In the literature, 219 lizards, 59 species, and 86 unique tumors were identified from 72 published case reports. Potential signalment factors such as age, sex, and species were evaluated to see if they affected case outcome. Additional factors including neoplasia type, presence of metastasis, and types of pursued treatments were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to determine whether a factor was significantly associated with animal death due to the identified neoplasia or with animal survival or death due to other causes (non-neoplastic outcomes). Komodo dragons and savannah monitors were more likely to die from neoplasia compared to other lizard species. Cases where the status of metastasis was unknown were significantly associated with death due to neoplasia. Having an unknown status of male versus female was significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. Leukemia and islet cell carcinoma were significantly associated with death due to neoplastic causes. Chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma were significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. Surgery alone and radiation therapy alone each were significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death, while lizards not receiving treatment were significantly associated with death due to neoplasia. Benign neoplasia was significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. These results will aid in the improved diagnosis and management of neoplasia in lizard species, as well as expanding our understanding of prognostic indicators of neoplasia in lizards.
PubMed: 38791614
DOI: 10.3390/ani14101395 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Mar 2024A 13-year-old spayed female rottweiler crossbreed dog was presented with an 8-day history of abnormal gait and collapse associated with excitement or physical activity....
A 13-year-old spayed female rottweiler crossbreed dog was presented with an 8-day history of abnormal gait and collapse associated with excitement or physical activity. A cardiac gallop was noticed on thoracic auscultation, and a 1st-degree atrioventricular block and sinus tachycardia were noted on an electrocardiogram. Echocardiography identified a hypoechoic, irregularly marginated luminal mass in the right ventricle at the level of the pulmonic valves. Postmortem gross examination confirmed the presence of a soft, polypoid, and botryoid mass (9 × 3 × 3 cm) with a smooth and glistening surface attached to the endocardium of the right ventricular outflow tract and extending to the pulmonary artery. The histological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of myxosarcoma with pulmonary embolism. In addition, the dog in this report had a right atrial hemangiosarcoma and a cutaneous hemangioma unrelated to her clinical findings. Key clinical message: Cardiac myxosarcomas are very rare neoplasms in dogs and concomitant primary heart tumors of different histogenesis are even rarer in dogs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of coexistent myxosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma in the heart of a dog. Cardiac myxosarcomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracavitary heart masses associated with signs of cardiac obstruction and failure.
Topics: Female; Dogs; Animals; Heart Ventricles; Myxosarcoma; Hemangiosarcoma; Heart Atria; Pulmonary Embolism; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 38434164
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Nov 2023This report documents the pathological features of primary cardiac myxoid tumour (MT) in 11 dogs. Macroscopically, all the tumours were located in the tricuspid valve... (Review)
Review
This report documents the pathological features of primary cardiac myxoid tumour (MT) in 11 dogs. Macroscopically, all the tumours were located in the tricuspid valve (TV), its septal leaflet being predominantly affected. Therefore, it appears that the TV is the most common site of occurrence for cardiac MT in dogs. Two gross anatomical types of canine valvular MT were evident. Seven of the 11 tumours were round or oval with a smooth or gently lobulated and glistening surface, while the other four were gelatinous, multilobulated and polypoid, with an irregular surface. Microscopically, in nine cases the tumours had an abundant myxoid matrix within which elongated spindle-shaped cells with no remarkable cytological atypia were sparsely embedded, suggesting a benign character (ie, myxoma). In the other two cases the tumours consisted of variably dense, haphazardly arranged, interlacing streams of anaplastic spindle-shaped or polygonal cells containing many mitotic figures, indicative of a malignant form of myxoma (ie, myxosarcoma). Isolated or clustered collections of myxoma cells (eg, cords, rings, syncytia) characteristic of human atrial myxoma were only rarely evident or lacking in all 11 cases, indicating that rarity or absence of such structural features may be specific to valvular MTs. Immunohistochemical findings were indicative of smooth muscle differentiation of the neoplastic cells. Tumour embolization to the intrapulmonary arteries and/or tumour implantation on the endocardium of the right heart chambers was evident only in the four cases of irregular-surfaced MT.
Topics: Humans; Dogs; Animals; Heart Neoplasms; Myxoma; Endocardium; Myxosarcoma; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37944473
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.10.004