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Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2024The purpose of this prospective clinical trial was to explore the dental and soft tissue changes accompanying the use of skeletally anchored nickel-titanium (NiTi)... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this prospective clinical trial was to explore the dental and soft tissue changes accompanying the use of skeletally anchored nickel-titanium (NiTi) extrusion arch in the correction of anterior open bite (AOB).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Twenty female patients with a mean age of 16.5 ± 1.5 years and a mean dentoalveolar AOB of 2.38±0.7 mm participated in this study. All patients were treated with an maxillary 0.017×0.025-in NiTi extrusion arch, with the aid of miniscrews inserted between the maxillary second premolars and first molars bilaterally, to act as indirect anchorage. Three-dimensional digital models and lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken just before the insertion of the extrusion arch (T0) and after 10 months (T1). Paired-sample t-tests were used in analyzing the data, to evaluate the changes after treatment (T1-T0). A significance level of p < 0.05 was used.
RESULTS
AOB was successfully closed in all patients, with a 4.35 ± 0.61 mm increase in the overbite. Maxillary incisors significantly extruded (2.52 ± 1.02 mm) and significantly reclined (5.78 ± 0.77°), with a resultant decrease in the overjet of 1.58 ± 0.5mm. A significant intrusion of maxillary first molars with no change in their inclination was observed. The upper lip showed a significant retraction tendency to the E-plane, and a significant increase in the nasolabial angle was observed.
CONCLUSION
The skeletally anchored NiTi extrusion arch was an effective technique in treating AOB, with no adverse effects on the molars.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Open Bite; Prospective Studies; Cephalometry; Incisor; Lip; Overbite
PubMed: 38198349
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.6.e2323110.oar -
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 2024Cat bites are a relatively common emergency department presentation. The most common species isolated from cat bite wounds is . In this case report, we discuss a unique...
Cat bites are a relatively common emergency department presentation. The most common species isolated from cat bite wounds is . In this case report, we discuss a unique case of an intramuscular abscess caused by . Antibiotic resistance in Bacteroides species is a growing concern and thus should be treated with caution. We present an 81-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with left calf pain that began 3 weeks prior to the emergency department presentation. She was initially seen by her primary care provider and was prescribed oral Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Amoxicillin/Clavulanate. Despite oral antibiotics, she began to have worsening swelling, erythema, and fevers. In the emergency department, the patient's left calf was noticeably erythematous and tender to palpation. Lab work showed a C-reactive protein of 12.4 mg/dl, erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 38 mm/h, and white blood cell count of 15.1. Computed tomography imaging showed an irregularly shaped fluid collection at the junction of the calf musculature and upper aspect of the Achilles tendon. The decision was made to perform an operative incision and debridement on the evening of her presentation. On postoperative day 2, the wound cultures grew positive for both and . She was subsequently discharged with oral Amoxicillin/Clavulanate 875 mg twice daily for 4 weeks. Further studies can be performed to identify the most efficient ways to isolate and treat this species. This case report emphasizes the importance of ordering both aerobic and anaerobic cultures and aiming antimicrobial therapy against both and anaerobic bacteria.
PubMed: 38187810
DOI: 10.1177/2050313X231222217 -
JPRAS Open Mar 2024Simultaneous repair of the extensor tendons and soft tissues in hand injuries remains challenging. The free chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap with fascia lata (FL)...
BACKGROUND
Simultaneous repair of the extensor tendons and soft tissues in hand injuries remains challenging. The free chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap with fascia lata (FL) flap represents an alternative for hand reconstruction. This report describes the reconstruction of the extensor tendon and skin defects using free chimeric ALT flaps with FL.
METHODS
Eight patients (one female and seven male) underwent reconstruction of complex hand defects with free chimeric ALT and FL flaps. The defects were caused by crushing injuries, burns, snakebite scars, and animal bite wounds. The average skin defect was 116 cm. Perforators were selected for the skin paddle and the FL flap. The thinning procedure was performed microsurgically.
RESULTS
The skin paddle size ranged from 12 to 23 cm in length and 6 to 11 cm in width, and the FL flaps ranged from 3 × 5 to 12 × 5 cm. The mean pedicle length was 7.88 cm. Nine extensor tendons were repaired with FL flaps. The flap thickness after thinning was only 3-6 mm. The donor site was closed primarily in six patients, and skin grafts were used in two cases. All flaps survived without complications. The follow-up period lasted from 17 to 80 months. Range of motion was achieved with satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
The chimeric-thinned ALT and FL flap is a valuable material, and it should be considered a reconstructive option for hand soft tissue and extensor tendon reconstruction. This technique allows us to achieve a good appearance and extensor function without donor-site morbidity.
PubMed: 38186380
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2023.11.011 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder, with an estimated incidence of 1%. Since they are sensitive to sensory changes, orthodontic treatment to move teeth should be...
BACKGROUND
Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder, with an estimated incidence of 1%. Since they are sensitive to sensory changes, orthodontic treatment to move teeth should be avoided as aggressively as possible in these patients because of strong concerns about the possibility of causing adverse psychological effects, thus there are few reports on orthodontic treatment for schizophrenia patients. We report a case of severe open bite caused by medication after the onset of schizophrenia, even though the patient's occlusion had been stable for a long time after surgical orthodontic treatment. Medication control and the use of a minimally invasive orthodontic appliance improved the occlusion without adversely affecting the patient's mental health.
CASE
A 22-year-old woman presented to the clinic with a chief complaint of an anterior open bite. Intraoral findings showed an overbite (vertical overlap of the incisor ) of -3.0 mm and an overjet (horizontal overlap of the incisor teeth) of -0.5 mm. The preoperative orthodontic treatment included bilateral extraction of the maxillary first premolars. Subsequently, orthognathic surgery was performed to achieve a harmonized skeletal relationship and occlusion. Occlusion was stable for 3 years after surgery. However, 10 years after surgery, the patient returned to the clinic complaining of an anterior open bite (overbite = -4.0 mm). Six years prior to the return, the patient was diagnosed with schizophrenia. We thought that ignoring the patient's strong desire to treat her open bite might also cause psychological problems; therefore, in addition to medication control, we treated her using a minimally invasive removable orthodontic appliance (retainer with tongue crib). Her anterior open bite improved (overbite, +1.0 mm) to within the normal range.
CONCLUSION
In this case, medication control was thought to be essential to improve her drug-induced open bite. However, minimally invasive orthodontic treatment, such as the use of a removable appliance, might be helpful in promoting her mental stability as well as for improving occlusion. Careful support is required to obtain information about the patient's mental state and medications through close cooperation with psychiatrists.
PubMed: 38173706
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1304215 -
Cureus Nov 2023Condylar resorption is a condition of progressive and significant mandibular head resorption. We treated two patients with condylar resorption caused by...
Condylar resorption is a condition of progressive and significant mandibular head resorption. We treated two patients with condylar resorption caused by temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis. The first patient was a 22-year-old female at the time of the initial examination. She had a history of orthodontic treatment and came to the clinic with a number of symptoms, including difficulty opening the mouth. Idiopathic condylar resorption was diagnosed, an occlusal splint was placed for approximately one year, and the patient was followed up for 12 years. The second patient was a 20-year-old female who had completed non-extraction orthodontic treatment by the age of 17 years. She came to the clinic with esthetic issues, such as an anterior open bite. Implant anchor screws were placed in the alveolar bone of the anterior teeth and intermaxillary fixation was performed. Case 1 had 12 years of follow-up, with CT scan results showing remodeling of the condylar. Case 2 is expected to shorten treatment time. However, the CT scan showed remodeling and improvement in the chief complaint.
PubMed: 38143608
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49322 -
What Are "Bioplastics"? Defining Renewability, Biosynthesis, Biodegradability, and Biocompatibility.Polymers Dec 2023Today, plastic materials are mostly made from fossil resources, and they are characterized by their long lifetime and pronounced persistence in the open environment.... (Review)
Review
Today, plastic materials are mostly made from fossil resources, and they are characterized by their long lifetime and pronounced persistence in the open environment. These attributes of plastics are one cause of the ubiquitous pollution we see in our environment. When plastics end up in the environment, most of this pollution can be attributed to a lack of infrastructure for appropriately collecting and recycling plastic waste, mainly due to mismanagement. Because of the huge production volumes of plastics, their merits of being cheap to produce and process and their recalcitrance have turned into a huge disadvantage, since plastic waste has become the end point of our linear economic usage model, and massive amounts have started to accumulate in the environment, leading to microplastics pollution and other detrimental effects. A possible solution to this is offered by "bioplastics", which are materials that are either (partly) biobased and/or degradable under defined conditions. With the rise of bioplastics in the marketplace, several standards and test protocols have been developed to assess, certify, and advertise their properties in this respect. This article summarizes and critically discusses different views on bioplastics, mainly related to the properties of biodegradability and biobased carbon content; this shall allow us to find a common ground for clearly addressing and categorizing bioplastic materials, which could become an essential building block in a circular economy. Today, bioplastics account for only 1-2% of all plastics, while technically, they could replace up to 90% of all fossil-based plastics, particularly in short-lived goods and packaging, the single most important area of use for conventional plastics. Their replacement potential not only applies to thermoplastics but also to thermosets and elastomers. Bioplastics can be recycled through different means, and they can be made from renewable sources, with (bio)degradability being an option for the mismanaged fraction and special applications with an intended end of life in nature (such as in seed coatings and bite protection for trees). Bioplastics can be used in composites and differ in their properties, similarly to conventional plastics. Clear definitions for "biobased" and "biodegradable" are needed to allow stakeholders of (bio)plastics to make fact-based decisions regarding material selection, application, and end-of-life options; the same level of clarity is needed for terms like "renewable carbon" and "bio-attributed" carbon, definitions of which are summarized and discussed in this paper.
PubMed: 38139947
DOI: 10.3390/polym15244695 -
Cureus Nov 2023Any congenital muscular disorder can cause severe dental and craniofacial deformity. The clinicians must understand the aetiology of this muscular disorder to plan the...
Any congenital muscular disorder can cause severe dental and craniofacial deformity. The clinicians must understand the aetiology of this muscular disorder to plan the treatment for this condition. Currently, there is limited data available in the literature on the dental manifestation of nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy is a type of rare congenital muscular disorder characterized by severe dental and craniofacial deformity. This case report describes the dental and craniofacial manifestations of such diseases in an eight-year-old child who visited the unit of pediatric and preventive dentistry with a chief complaint of irregular placement of teeth and inability to close the mouth.
PubMed: 38125243
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49091 -
Open Veterinary Journal Nov 2023An infectious disease known as rabies (family Rhabdoviridae, genus ) causes severe damage to mammals' central nervous systems (CNS). This illness has been around for a... (Review)
Review
An infectious disease known as rabies (family Rhabdoviridae, genus ) causes severe damage to mammals' central nervous systems (CNS). This illness has been around for a very long time. The majority of human cases of rabies take place in underdeveloped regions of Africa and Asia. Following viral transmission, the Rhabdovirus enters the peripheral nervous system and proceeds to the CNS, where it targets the encephalon and produces encephalomyelitis. Postbite prophylaxis requires laboratory confirmation of rabies in both people and animals. All warm-blooded animals can transmit the infection, while the virus can also develop in the cells of cold-blooded animals. In the 21st century, more than 3 billion people are in danger of contracting the rabies virus in more than 100 different nations, resulting in an annual death toll of 50,000-59,000. There are three important elements in handling rabies disease in post exposure prophylaxis (PEP), namely wound care, administration of anti-rabies serum, and anti-rabies vaccine. Social costs include death, lost productivity as a result of early death, illness as a result of vaccination side effects, and the psychological toll that exposure to these deadly diseases has on people. Humans are most frequently exposed to canine rabies, especially youngsters and the poor, and there are few resources available to treat or prevent exposure, making prevention of human rabies challenging.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Dogs; Rabies; Rabies Vaccines; Rabies virus; Animals, Domestic; Vaccination; Mammals; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 38107233
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i11.1 -
Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online Nov 2023We sought to investigate the role of prophylactic antibiotics for distal fingertip crush injury or transphalangeal amputation treated outside of an operating room and...
PURPOSE
We sought to investigate the role of prophylactic antibiotics for distal fingertip crush injury or transphalangeal amputation treated outside of an operating room and better understand the factors that contribute to antibiotic-prescribing decisions. We hypothesized that prophylactic antibiotics do not meaningfully reduce the incidence of infection and that antibiotics are prescribed in a predictable way.
METHODS
This is a retrospective review of all patients treated in a MedStar-affiliated emergency department or urgent care for nonsurgical distal fingertip trauma in 2019. Patient demographics, comorbidities, injury characteristics, interventions, and follow-up details were recorded. Exclusion criteria included signs of infection at the time of presentation, minor injuries not requiring intervention, bite wounds, one-time intravenous antibiotic administration without oral course, and surgical intervention. Outcomes included infection and interventions at follow-up. Chi-square analysis was performed, comparing antibiotic and no-antibiotic groups. A stepwise binomial regression was used to evaluate for variables predictive of antibiotic prescription.
RESULTS
We identified eight infections in 323 patients included in the study (2.5% incidence of infection). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of infection between patients treated with antibiotics (2.7%) and those who did not receive antibiotics (2.2%). However, due to the low incidence of infections, we were likely underpowered for this analysis. We also created a model to predict antibiotic prescribing, which achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86 ( < .0001) based on age, bleeding disorders, depressive disorders, open wound status, amputation, fractures, and encounter type.
CONCLUSIONS
The low incidence of infection (2.5%) and lack of a meaningful difference between the groups call into question prophylactic antibiotic prescribing after these distal fingertip injuries. Our model does predict provider prescribing habits, identifying areas for potential practice pattern change.
TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic III.
PubMed: 38106926
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2023.07.010 -
Open Veterinary Journal Oct 2023is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Lyme disease or borreliosis in domestic and wild animals, including dogs, with the possible transmission to humans.
BACKGROUND
is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Lyme disease or borreliosis in domestic and wild animals, including dogs, with the possible transmission to humans.
AIM
This study was conducted to investigate the infection rate of Spirochetes and B. burgdorferi in stray dogs in Nineveh province, Iraq.
METHODS
During the period from May to October (2022), a total of 55 stray dogs were selected randomly from different areas in Nineveh province, Iraq. Blood samples were collected from cephalic venous and tested molecularly using the conventional polymerase chain reaction technique.
RESULTS
The present study revealed that the total infection rates of Spirochetes and were 41.82% and 27.27%, respectively. Concerning age, values of infection rate, odds ratio, and relative risk of were increased significantly in dogs aged ? 4 months (42.86%, 3.505%, and 2.438%, respectively), while decreased in dogs of ? 1-3 (12.5%, 0.337% and 0.42%, respectively) and ? 3 (13.33%, 0.32% and 0.409%) years old when compared to dogs aged 5-12 months (27.27%, 1% and 1%, respectively). While concerning dogs sex, a significantly higher infection rate, odds ratio, and relative risk of were shown in females (32.56%, 5.495% and 6.792%, respectively) compared to males (8.33%, 0.182% and 0.147%, respectively).
CONCLUSION
To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first Iraqi study on the prevalence of spirochetes, in particular , in stray dogs in Nineveh province (Iraq). However, additional studies of infection in other animals as well as vectors such as ticks in different geographic areas, appear necessary to detect variation in the distribution patterns of infection. In addition, owners and veterinarians should be aware of zoonotic diseases transmitted from wild and domestic animals, in particular those with tick-bite histories.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Animals; Dogs; Borrelia burgdorferi; Iraq; Lyme Disease; Animals, Domestic; Animals, Wild; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 38027409
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i10.11