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Clinical Oral Investigations Apr 2024The aim of this study was to compare the effect of office bleaching of teeth bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) (TRXT) and the use of color change... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of office bleaching of teeth bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) (TRXT) and the use of color change resistant Orthocem (FGM, Joinville, Brazil) in bracket bonding on coffee-induced enamel discoloration.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighty premolars were distributed in equal numbers (n = 20) to group 1 (TRXT + distilled water), group 2 (TRXT + coffee solution), group 3 (TRXT + coffee solution + bleaching), and group 4 (Orthocem + coffee solution). Color was measured using a SpectroShade Micro (MHT, International, Verona, Italy) device at the beginning (T0), after coloring (T1), after bleaching (T1B), and after debonding (T2). ΔE color change values were calculated as T1-T0, T1B-T0 and T2-T0 differences. The conformity of the data to the normal distribution was examined with the Shapiro-Wilk test. Multiple comparisons were made with Tamhane's T2 test and Tukey's HSD test using one-way analysis of variance in the comparison of normally distributed data, and multiple comparisons were made with Dunn's test using the Kruskal-Wallis H test for comparison of non-normally distributed data. The significance level was set at p < 0.050.
RESULTS
A statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference was found between the T1-T0 and T2-T0 stages for group 1-4 ΔE values. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference was also found when the T1B-T0 ΔE values of group 3 were compared with the T1-T0 ΔE values of groups 1, 2, and 4.
CONCLUSIONS
After coffee-induced enamel discoloration, bleaching of teeth bonded with TRXT produced acceptable color difference of the incisal, middle, and gingival regions of the crown. In teeth bonded with Orthocem, acceptable color difference was seen only in the middle of the crown.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The presented study will guide the clinician on how enamel discoloration side effect of fixed orthodontic appliance can reduce.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Brackets; In Vitro Techniques; Tooth Bleaching; Tooth Discoloration; Surface Properties; Bicuspid; Tooth Bleaching Agents; Coffee; Resin Cements; Color; Dental Bonding; Materials Testing
PubMed: 38671235
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05668-5 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Apr 2024This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different colouring solutions and primer systems used in the bonding of brackets on enamel colour change and bond strength.
OBJECTIVES
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different colouring solutions and primer systems used in the bonding of brackets on enamel colour change and bond strength.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
120 premolar teeth were divided into four main groups; brackets were bonded with 37% orthophosphoric acid + Transbond XT Primer in Group 1, 3 M Single Bond Universal in Group 2, Transbond Plus SEP in Group 3, and G-Premio Bond in Group 4. Each group was divided into three subgroups, and the teeth were placed in a cup containing coffee and tea mixture, in a cup containing cola and in distilled water. A bond strength test was applied to all teeth. Colour measurements of all teeth were performed at 2 different times: before bonding and after the bond strength test.
RESULTS
The average bond strength of the 37% orthophosphoric acid group was higher than that of the other groups. The effect of primer and solution groups on colour change was statistically significant (p = 0.001 and p = 0.023, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, the bond strength was clinically sufficient in all primer groups. The highest colour change was observed when the tea-coffee solution and Transbond Plus SEP primer were used.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This study has identified enamel discoloration and bond strength from different colouring solutions and primer systems used for bonding braces, which can be used to inform clinicians and patients to achieve better treatment results.
Topics: Humans; Shear Strength; Dental Bonding; Orthodontic Brackets; In Vitro Techniques; Bicuspid; Resin Cements; Color; Coloring Agents; Materials Testing; Dental Enamel; Dental Stress Analysis; Phosphoric Acids; Surface Properties; Tea; Acid Etching, Dental; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate
PubMed: 38658431
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05665-8 -
Lasers in Medical Science Apr 2024To investigate the in vivo and in situ effect of different types of lasers in prevention of enamel demineralization in high caries risk cases (around orthodontic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To investigate the in vivo and in situ effect of different types of lasers in prevention of enamel demineralization in high caries risk cases (around orthodontic brackets, around restoration and in caries susceptible pits and fissures). PubMed was searched using the following keyword sequence; (Laser therapy OR laser irradiation OR laser application) AND (enamel caries prevention OR enamel demineralization OR enamel remineralization OR early enamel caries OR early-enamel caries OR enamel resistance OR enamel decalcification OR white spot lesions WSLs OR incipient lesion OR enamel decay OR enamel Dissolution OR enamel microhardness) AND (clinical trial OR Randomized clinical trial OR In situ study). The latest literature search was ended by "30 January 2023". PubMed was used as a primary data base for study selection. Scopus, EBSCO, and Google scholar are checked in our study after results of systematic search on PubMed. Only duplicates were found. Two meta-analyses were carried out. The first, clinical meta-analysis on incidence of white spot lesions (WSLs) following CO2 laser irradiation of enamel. The second meta-analysis on ex-vivo/in situ effect of CO2 laser on microhardness of enamel. In each meta-analysis three studies were included. Risk of bias was assessed. The search identified eight studies (four ex-vivo and four clinical trials). Regarding the clinical meta-analysis, the overall standardized mean difference was 0.21 [ 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-0.30, p < 0.00001]. This indicates that the incidence of new WSLs in patients who received low power CO laser treatment was highly significantly lower than placebo groups. The heterogeneity was considerable (I = 71%). In the second meta-analysis, the overall standardized mean difference was 49.55 [ 95% confidence interval (CI): 37.74, 61.37, p < 0.00001]. This indicates that microhardness of enamel receiving low power (0.4-5 W) CO laser irradiation is highly significantly lower than control untreated enamel. The heterogeneity was substantial (I = 48%). Within the limitations of this study, Low level laser therapy concept with CO2 laser seems to be effective in preventing enamel caries.Prospero registration number: CRD42023437379.
Topics: Humans; Carbon Dioxide; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Lasers; Dental Caries; Low-Level Light Therapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38635085
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04049-4 -
Cureus Apr 2024Protraction of mandibular posterior teeth into edentulous regions is challenging in clinical practice. This case demonstrated a minor tooth movement of a mandibular...
Protraction of mandibular posterior teeth into edentulous regions is challenging in clinical practice. This case demonstrated a minor tooth movement of a mandibular second molar to substitute its adjacent missing first molar in a 15-year-old female. An efficient bodily movement of the mandibular second molar was achieved through a mini-implant-anchored protraction loop appliance. With this carefully designed biomechanical system, over 10-mm molar protraction was accomplished within 14 months without mesial or lingual tipping. The adjacent third molar erupted spontaneously during the protraction process and drafted mesially. Through brackets and segmented archwire after the protraction, the second and third molars were successfully protracted and good buccal interdigitation was achieved. The combination of the Albert protraction loop and mini-implant allows for more efficient protraction of the mandibular molars, avoiding mesial tipping and lingual rotation of the molars.
PubMed: 38628379
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58397 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... May 2024Maxillary anterior teeth that have not erupted may substantially alter the appearance of the teeth and face. Orthodontists often encounter a clinical challenge while...
INTRODUCTION
Maxillary anterior teeth that have not erupted may substantially alter the appearance of the teeth and face. Orthodontists often encounter a clinical challenge while dealing with an impacted maxillary incisor, which creates space problems in the anterior region. The purpose of this paper is to describe the well-synchronized orthodontic and surgical treatment of a horizontally impacted maxillary central incisors.
CASE PRESENTATION
A male patient, aged 27, presented with a complaint of unerupted two maxillary front teeth. This resulted in the displacement of adjacent teeth into the vacant region. An intraoral examination revealed a Class II molars on both sides, a deep curve of the space with a 2.3 mm overjet, and an edge-to-edge bite of 0.1 mm. The 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging unveiled a labial impacted and a rotation of approximately 90 degrees (horizontal impacted) on both central maxillary incisors.
DISCUSSION
The self-ligating bracket was installed and orthodontic traction aligned the affected tooth in the dental arch. To reach the labial surface of the impacted incisor, open surgical exposure by window excision of soft tissues with a laser was preferable due to the large bulge in the sulcus. Because self-ligating bracket systems employed modest pressures to position the maxillary right central incisor in the arch, the window surgical technique did not produce gingival scarring or increased clinical crown length.
CONCLUSION
The impacted upper central incisor was successfully treated using a collaborative interdisciplinary (surgical-orthodontic) approach, which resulted in a favorable aesthetic and functional outcome.
PubMed: 38615467
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109620 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Excessive orthodontic force can induce inflammatory tooth root resorption due to sustained high stresses within the periodontal ligament (PDL). This study aimed to...
Excessive orthodontic force can induce inflammatory tooth root resorption due to sustained high stresses within the periodontal ligament (PDL). This study aimed to analyze the PDL pressures during upper incisor retraction using the en masse method with TISAD. The finite element method (FEM) ensured consistent conditions across cases. The models included bone geometry, adjacent teeth, PDL, and orthodontic hardware, analyzed with LS-Dyna. The pressure ranged from 0.37 to 2.5 kPa across the dental arch, with the central incisors bearing 55% of the load. The pressure distribution remained consistent regardless of the force or hook height. The critical pressure (4.7 kPa) was exceeded at 600-650 g force, with notable pressure (3.88 kPa) on the palatal root wall of the right central incisor. Utilizing 0.017 × 0.025 SS archwires in MBT 0.018 brackets provided good torque control and reduced the root resorption risk when forces of 180-200 g per side were applied, maintaining light to moderate stress. Triple forces may initiate resorption, highlighting the importance of nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) for accurate oral cavity simulations.
PubMed: 38612174
DOI: 10.3390/ma17071661 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Polishing after the removal of brackets is the final step in orthodontic treatment. It is simple to perform, though some studies have reported that polishing causes...
Polishing after the removal of brackets is the final step in orthodontic treatment. It is simple to perform, though some studies have reported that polishing causes damage to the enamel surface. An in vitro study was made of the influence of the buccal surface convexity of the tooth upon possible enamel loss when the remaining resin and adhesive are removed after bracket decementing using two different polishing modes: a tungsten carbide bur at low and high speeds. The convexity of the buccal surface was quantified in 30 incisors and 30 premolars. A stereoscopic microscope was used to obtain photographs of the profile of the crown, and Image J software was used to calculate convexity by dividing the length of a line from the cementoenamel junction to the incisal margin by another line from the mentioned junction to the maximum convexity of the buccal surface. Brackets were cemented on all the teeth and were decemented 24 h later. In both groups, the residual composite was removed with a tungsten carbide bur at a low speed in one-half of the teeth and at a high speed in the other half. The buccal surface of each tooth was then photographed again, and the convexity was calculated and compared against the baseline value. The difference between the two values were taken to represent the enamel loss. The convexity of the premolars was significantly greater than that of the incisors, but this did not result in greater enamel loss when the same polishing mode was used. However, the tungsten carbide bur at a high speed proved more aggressive, causing significantly greater enamel loss than when used at a low speed.
PubMed: 38612033
DOI: 10.3390/ma17071519 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Mar 2024To compare the effect of conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets on periodontal health. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
To compare the effect of conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets on periodontal health.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A search of information up to October 2022 was carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), EMBASE, SciELO and Google Scholar. We included studies that were randomised clinical trials, dealing with conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets and their effect on periodontal health, with no language restriction and no time limit. The Risk of Bias 2 (Rob 2.0) tool was used to determine the risk of bias of the included studies. The information selected from the studies was entered and analysed with RevMan 5.3, using the mean and standard deviation with a 95% confidence interval as a measure. Finally, an analysis was performed using the GRADE system to classify the quality of the evidence and grade the strength of the recommendation.
RESULTS
The preliminary search yielded a total of 399 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 13 articles. The effect of conventional and self-ligating brackets on periodontal health was determined using periodontal probing depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding index (BI), showing advantages of self-ligating brackets in PI and BI, and no differences compared to self-ligating brackets in PPD and GI.
CONCLUSIONS
Self-ligating brackets probably better preserve periodontal health compared to conventional brackets regarding plaque accumulation and bleeding on probing. Conventional brackets, self-ligating brackets, periodontal health, orthodontic treatment, systematic review, meta-analysis.
PubMed: 38600930
DOI: 10.4317/jced.61378 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024This study investigates the effectiveness of nanoparticles in preventing the formation of biofilms on orthodontic brackets. Biofilm formation is a common concern during...
UNLABELLED
This study investigates the effectiveness of nanoparticles in preventing the formation of biofilms on orthodontic brackets. Biofilm formation is a common concern during orthodontic treatment, as it can lead to oral health issues.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study utilized a randomized controlled trial design. The participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received orthodontic brackets coated with nanoparticles, while the control group received regular brackets. The patients' oral hygiene was monitored, and plaque index scores were recorded at specific intervals.
RESULTS
The results of this study demonstrated a significant difference in biofilm formation between the two groups. The experimental group, which had orthodontic brackets with nanoparticle coatings, exhibited a lower plaque index compared to the control group. The mean plaque index score difference was statistically significant ( < 0.05), indicating that the nanoparticles effectively reduced biofilm formation on orthodontic brackets.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the findings of this clinical study suggest that the utilization of nanoparticles as coatings for orthodontic brackets can be an effective approach to prevent biofilm formation.
PubMed: 38595637
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_850_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024Acid etching enamel improves resin-enamel adhesion and adhesive characteristics, but has pros and cons. The effects of laser etching on the bonding of orthodontic...
BACKGROUND
Acid etching enamel improves resin-enamel adhesion and adhesive characteristics, but has pros and cons. The effects of laser etching on the bonding of orthodontic brackets vary depending on the wavelength, power output, exposure duration, and energy delivered.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study used a new 1064-nm diode laser to irradiate 30 freshly extracted human premolars. They were divided into three groups: group A, group B, and group C. Acid etching was used for 1 min to bond bracket to tooth surface, and Indian ink was used for 30 s. Group C uses acid etching for 1 min following 30 s of laser irradiation with Indian ink.
RESULTS
In comparison to the other groups, group C's acid etching after laser irradiation has considerably stronger bond strength ( = 0.05). Orthodontic brackets in group B exhibited considerably poorer shear bond strength than those in the other groups.
CONCLUSION
Acid etching improves the adhesion of orthodontic composite resin to human enamel following laser irradiation, but can interfere with the adhesion of composite resin.
PubMed: 38595481
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_447_23