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Journal of the Indian Society of... Jan 2024Nutritive sucking and nonnutritive sucking (NNS) may affect the craniofacial development, differently.
BACKGROUND
Nutritive sucking and nonnutritive sucking (NNS) may affect the craniofacial development, differently.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
We investigated associations between NNS habits (NNSHs), developing malocclusion, and various feeding practices in 3-6-year-old children.
METHODOLOGY
A sample of 350 children 3-6-year-old from various preschools were selected for this case-control study (94 with NNSH and 256 without NNSH). NNSH (outcome) and feeding practices and developing malocclusions (exposures) were assessed using a structured study tool.
RESULTS
The prevalence of NNSH in 3-6-year-old children was 26.8%. The odds (95% [confidence interval (CI)]) of boys compared to girls having NNSH were 0.66 (0.4121-1.706) (P = 0.0290). The overall prevalence of developing malocclusion in 3-6-year-old children was 34.01% out of which open bite was most commonly reported with 12.57% followed by spacing 8.5%, increased overjet 6.8%, crowding 2.2%, posterior crossbite and rotation 1.4%, and overbite 1.14%. Breastfeeding was found to be the most commonly used mode of feeding reported by 53.42% of mothers. It was found that the odds (95% [CI]) of subjects having NNSH were 0.66 (0.4694-0.9460) (P < 0.0001) who were not breastfed as compared to those who were breastfed. Among developing malocclusions, increased overjet with P = 0.0019, open bite with P = 0.0416, and spacing with P = 0.0243 were found to be associated with feeding practices.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of NNSH and developing malocclusions (increased overjet, open bite, and spacing) was 26.8% and 34.01%, respectively. Breastfeeding played a protective role against developing NNSH.
Topics: Male; Child; Female; Child, Preschool; Humans; Open Bite; Case-Control Studies; Urban Population; Malocclusion; Habits
PubMed: 38616426
DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_559_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024The mixed dentition stage in children is a critical period for orthodontic assessment and intervention. This study investigates the effects of interceptive orthodontics...
BACKGROUND
The mixed dentition stage in children is a critical period for orthodontic assessment and intervention. This study investigates the effects of interceptive orthodontics on dental and skeletal development in children with mixed dentition, aiming to evaluate the potential benefits of early orthodontic treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 150 children with mixed dentition (aged 7-11 years), who received interceptive orthodontic treatment. Dental and skeletal records, including cephalometric radiographs and dental cast models, were collected before and after treatment. A control group of 150 untreated children with mixed dentition was also assessed for comparison. Various dental and skeletal parameters, such as dental alignment, overjet (OJ), overbite (OB), and cephalometric measurements, were recorded and analyzed.
RESULTS
The results of this study indicate significant improvements in dental alignment and occlusion in the group of children who received interceptive orthodontic treatment. The average reduction in OJ was 3.5 mm, and the OB correction averaged 2.1 mm. Cephalometric analysis showed positive changes in skeletal relationships, with a mean reduction in the angle formed by point A, nasion (N) and point B. (ANB) angle of 2.8 degrees. These improvements were statistically significant compared to the control group ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Early orthodontic intervention, such as interceptive orthodontics, has a positive impact on dental and skeletal development in children with mixed dentition.
PubMed: 38595457
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1035_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024Orthognathic surgery is a surgical procedure performed to correct severe jaw misalignments that can affect a patient's facial aesthetics and functional occlusion. While...
BACKGROUND
Orthognathic surgery is a surgical procedure performed to correct severe jaw misalignments that can affect a patient's facial aesthetics and functional occlusion. While the primary goal of orthognathic surgery is to improve functional outcomes and facial appearance, it is essential to assess patient satisfaction as a crucial aspect of overall treatment success.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patient selection: We conducted a prospective study involving 50 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. All patients had a confirmed diagnosis of severe jaw misalignment, as determined by clinical and radiographic assessments. The surgical procedures performed included maxillary advancement, mandibular setback, or a combination of both, depending on the patient's specific diagnosis. Preoperative orthodontic treatment was provided to align the teeth and prepare the patient for surgery. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and at postoperative intervals of 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.
RESULTS
Patient satisfaction scores and functional outcomes were as follows: aesthetics of facial profile (1-year post-op): mean score = 4.6, chewing function (1-year post-op): mean score = 4.4, speech function (1-year post-op): mean score = 4.3, and overall satisfaction with surgical outcome (1-year post-op): mean score = 4.5. Objective assessments revealed a significant improvement in occlusion and facial aesthetics. The mean reduction in overjet was 4.8 mm, and the mean reduction in overbite was 3.2 mm. Additionally, the mean postoperative ANB angle improved by 3.7°, indicating a better facial balance.
CONCLUSION
Orthognathic surgery in our cohort of 50 patients resulted in high levels of patient satisfaction with both functional outcomes and facial aesthetics. Objective measurements also indicated significant improvements in occlusion and facial balance.
PubMed: 38595408
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_864_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024Open bite is a common orthodontic malocclusion that can have functional and aesthetic implications. Traditional orthodontic treatments have been used to correct open...
BACKGROUND
Open bite is a common orthodontic malocclusion that can have functional and aesthetic implications. Traditional orthodontic treatments have been used to correct open bites, but the effectiveness of Invisalign, a clear aligner therapy, in open bite correction remains a topic of interest.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 50 patients with open bites who underwent Invisalign treatment. Pre-treatment and post-treatment records, including cephalometric radiographs, dental models, and clinical photographs, were assessed. The open bite was defined as a negative overbite greater than 2 mm. Treatment duration, number of aligners used, and patient compliance were also recorded. Statistical analysis, including paired t-tests and subjective patient feedback, was employed to evaluate the treatment outcomes.
RESULTS
The mean pre-treatment open bite was -3.5 mm (SD = 1.2), and the mean treatment duration was 18 months (SD = 2.5). On average, patients received 24 sets of aligners (SD = 4.1) during the treatment. Post-treatment evaluation showed that the mean overbite improved to + 1.5 mm (SD = 0.8), indicating successful open bite correction. The paired -test revealed a statistically significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment open bite measurements ( < 0.001). Patient satisfaction was high, with 90% of participants reporting improved aesthetics and comfort.
CONCLUSION
Invisalign treatment demonstrates effectiveness in correcting open bites, with statistically significant improvements in overbite measurements.
PubMed: 38595389
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1058_23 -
Journal of Dental Research, Dental... 2023Posterior intrusion with skeletal anchorage is one of the effective methods in the treatment of anterior open bite. Knowing the effects of posterior intrusion, the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Posterior intrusion with skeletal anchorage is one of the effective methods in the treatment of anterior open bite. Knowing the effects of posterior intrusion, the amount of possible molar intrusion using skeletal anchorage, and its impact on clinical and cephalometric indicators can help the clinician choose the optimal treatment method, especially in borderline surgical cases.
METHODS
In this systematic review, a series of articles were collected through a systematic search in databases, and the titles and summaries of all these articles were reviewed. After removing the irrelevant articles, the full texts of the related articles were read carefully, and their validity was evaluated. Only RCTs and observational studies that complied with PICO questions were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2), ROBINS-I, and GRADE were used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The relevant information on selected articles was extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.4 software.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis revealed a significant average molar intrusion of 2.89 mm using temporary anchorage devices (TADs). A subgroup analysis showed that miniplates achieved greater intrusion (3.29 mm) compared to miniscrews (2.25 mm) (=0.03). The level of applied force did not significantly affect the degree of intrusion. Dental parameters such as overbite and overjet were notably altered, with overbite increasing by 4.81 mm and overjet decreasing by 2.06 mm on average. As for the skeletal cephalometric characteristics, SNB, ANB, and SN-Pog increased while mandibular plane angle and lower anterior facial height (LAFH) decreased, and these changes were significant. Meanwhile, SNA and palatal angle changes were not significant.
CONCLUSION
TADs have proved effective in achieving significant intrusion of maxillary molars, leading to marked improvements in dental and skeletal characteristics in patients with open bite malocclusion. Miniplates proved more effective in achieving greater intrusion.
PubMed: 38584993
DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2023.40754 -
Journal of the American Dental... May 2024Orthodontic treatment for patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) can be risky because of the fragility of their dental hard tissue. Although the Invisalign (Align...
BACKGROUND
Orthodontic treatment for patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) can be risky because of the fragility of their dental hard tissue. Although the Invisalign (Align Technology) clear aligner system should be a suitable orthodontic appliance for patients with DGI, to the authors' knowledge, there has been no related research.
CASE DESCRIPTION
A 28-year-old woman with DGI sought treatment with a 1 mm open bite, edge-to-edge occlusion of the central incisors, and a bilateral Class III cusp-to-cusp molar relationship. Invisalign was applied for her treatment, and after 3 and one-half years of orthodontic therapy, a normal overjet and overbite were achieved, accompanied by retraction of the lower lip as well as a bilateral Class I molar relationship. In addition, there was no iatrogenic injury to the patient's teeth.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
The Invisalign system may be a suitable orthodontic appliance for patients with DGI because clear aligners lessen the tensile stress to the teeth, decrease the number and area of bonds to the teeth, and offer protective effects through a full wrap of plastic that covers the crowns of the teeth.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Dentinogenesis Imperfecta; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Tooth Movement Techniques; Orthodontics, Corrective; Orthodontic Appliance Design
PubMed: 38573273
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2024.01.007 -
Progress in Orthodontics Apr 2024There are currently no studies that quantitatively compare the relationship of root resorption to the patient's systemic history or craniofacial and intraoral...
BACKGROUND
There are currently no studies that quantitatively compare the relationship of root resorption to the patient's systemic history or craniofacial and intraoral morphology, especially in relation to possible host factors. Thus, this study aimed to clarify the factors associated with root resorption in retained mandibular second deciduous molars with the congenital absence of second premolars and predict the prognosis of retained mandibular second deciduous molars.
METHODS
A cohort of 5547 patients who visited the orthodontic clinic at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Dental Hospital between 2013 and 2022 was screened. Lateral cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, upper and lower dental models, and orthodontic treatment questionnaires were used as reference materials to apply the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ultimately, 111 patients were included in the analyses. The patients were divided into two groups based on the root resorption levels of the retained mandibular second deciduous molars. Those with less root resorption were classified under the good condition (GC) group, whereas those with more root resorption were classified under the poor condition (PC) group. Demographic, clinical, and cephalometric parameters were compared between the groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to predict the probability of root resorption.
RESULTS
The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars with persistent mandibular second deciduous molars was 2.0%. In a total of 111 patients, eighty-three teeth (53.2%) were classified into the GC group, whereas 73 teeth (46.8%) were classified into the PC group. The Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) [odds ratio (OR): 0.87], Frankfort-mandibular incisor angle (FMIA) (OR: 0.93), overbite (OR: 1.38), adjacent interdental space (OR: 1.46), distance from occlusal plane (OR: 0.80), and caries treatment (OR: 7.05) were significantly associated with the root resorption of the retained mandibular second deciduous molars.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that skeletal morphology, oral morphological patterns, and history contribute to root resorption in retained mandibular second deciduous teeth with congenital absence of subsequent permanent teeth.
Topics: Humans; Root Resorption; Bicuspid; Cross-Sectional Studies; Tooth, Deciduous; Molar; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 38556605
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-024-00512-8 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Mar 2024The aim of the present study was to investigate prevalence and association between malocclusion and caries among pre-school children aged 4-6 years frequenting public...
The aim of the present study was to investigate prevalence and association between malocclusion and caries among pre-school children aged 4-6 years frequenting public kindergartens in Shkodër, the largest city in North Albania. The sample for this descriptive and cross-sectional study included 389 pre-school children aged 4-6 years frequenting 20 public kindergartens in Shkodër, the largest city in North Albania. The participants were divided into two groups according to their caries experience evaluated, as determined by decayed-missing-filled index dmf (World Health Organization criteria) score. Those with dmf score of zero were considered to be free of caries. The prevalence of children with at least one malocclusion trait was 89%. The prevalence of caries was 66% (mean dmf score: 3.63). Increased overbite (43%), followed by increased overjet, were the most prevalent malocclusion traits observed in children with a dmf of zero. Among children with caries, the most prevalent trait was increased overjet (42%) and increased overbite. Almost half of the entire study population had a straight terminal plane and class I canine relationship. There was a similar prevalence of bilateral crossbite. Significant changes ( = 0.008) were observed between the groups with regards to the absence of spacing in the maxillary anterior region. Regression analysis further revealed that children with an absence of maxillary spacing were 2.564-fold more likely to have caries; those with a deepbite were 0.814-fold more likely to have caries. More than half of the children had caries. Increased overjet, overbite, crossbite and maxillary crowding were malocclusion traits observed in the population included in this study. A positive association was identified between maxillary crowding, deepbite and caries. The association between malocclusion and caries, highlights the necessity for an increased awareness of these two conditions that are commonly found among children of pre-school age.
Topics: Humans; Child, Preschool; Child; Oral Health; Overbite; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prevalence; Albania; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Dental Caries
PubMed: 38548643
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2024.025 -
Journal of Orthodontic Science 2024Anterior open bite (AOB) malocclusion is one of the highly challenging malocclusions. Cephalometric radiographs have been used for the diagnosis of occlusal anomalies in...
BACKGROUND
Anterior open bite (AOB) malocclusion is one of the highly challenging malocclusions. Cephalometric radiographs have been used for the diagnosis of occlusal anomalies in the vertical and anteroposterior directions. This study aims to compare skeletal and dental features in open and non-open bite subjects to identify factors that help predict and categorize open bites in a Nigerian population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Pretreatment cephalometric radiographs of 82 patients were recruited into this study. This study comprised 41 AOB patients and 41 (Class 1 malocclusion) patients (control group). The radiographs were obtained from the orthodontic unit, Department of Child Dental Health of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba Lagos. Cephalometric tracing and analysis of the obtained radiographs were used to identify and compare the skeletal and dental differences between the two groups.
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 20.47 ± 8.05 years. The patients consisted of 26 (31.7%) males and 56 (68.3%) females. There was a significant difference in the open bite depth indicator (ODI) of the open bite ( value < 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in the vertical skeletal parameters - lower facial height (LFH), total facial height (TFH), posterior facial height (PFH), Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA), mandibular-maxillary angle (MMA), and gonial angle in the AOB group compared to the control group. The vertical height of the dentoalveolar segments measured was all significantly increased in the open bite group compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that the skeletal and dental vertical parameters, including ODI of the open bite subjects, varied compared with the non-open bite subjects in the Nigerian population studied and could be used to predict AOB tendency.
PubMed: 38516112
DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_56_23 -
Case Reports in Dentistry 2024In addition to affecting oral functions such as temporomandibular joint function, mastication, and speech, malocclusion caused by skeletal maxillary prognathism also...
In addition to affecting oral functions such as temporomandibular joint function, mastication, and speech, malocclusion caused by skeletal maxillary prognathism also entails sociopsychological implications. Surgical orthodontic treatment to improve occlusion and oral function and to correct esthetic disharmony is important to improve patients' quality of life. We report the case of a 32-year-old woman who visited our hospital with a chief complaint of proclined upper front teeth. Clinical examination revealed maxillary overgrowth and severe labial inclination of the maxillary incisors with palatal gingival recession. The incisal protrusion was corrected with a maxillary anterior alveolar osteotomy-a surgical orthodontic method that could improve the overbite without causing excessive lingual inclination, while also minimizing orthodontic movement of the maxillary anterior teeth. This treatment is generally indicated in cases of maxillary prognathism with a relatively stable occlusal relationship in the molar region. As a result of the treatment, the patient's chief complaint improved and a long-term functional occlusion was achieved. This paper outlines the pre- and posttreatment skeletal and occlusal changes.
PubMed: 38497089
DOI: 10.1155/2024/3850765